TEP 4185 I d t i l P d E Industrial Process and Energy TechnologyTechnology

Intro 22/8-2008

1 22.08.2008

AgendaWelcome and presentation of teachers (2 minutes each)

– (Arne Olav Fredheim), (Even Solbraa), Jostein Pettersen, (Geir Owren), Olav Bolland(Geir Owren), Olav Bolland

– Kristian Rødum

• The natural gas industry – intro by Olav• Lecture objectives and syllabus

– Gas Processing (Olav)LNG (Jostein)– LNG (Jostein)

– Power generation (Olav)

• Practicalities– It’sL– Semester plan

G o p e e cises ith PRO/II– Group exercises with PRO/II– Excursions to Statoil R&D and Tjeldbergodden (Arne)

• Questions and answers

2 22.08.2008

Questions and answers

TEP 4185 –The Teaching Team

• Teachers:P f II A Ol F dh i G P i– Professor II Arne Olav Fredheim –Gas Processing

– Dr. Even Solbraa, Gas Processing– Professor II Geir Owren - LNG– Professor II Jostein Pettersen –LNG– Professor Olav Bolland –Coordinator, Power & PRO II– Teaching Assistant –Kristian Rødum– Teaching Assistant –Kristian Rødum

• Lectures– Fridays 08:15 –11:00 (Lecture, VE1)– Mondays 12:00 –14:00 (Exercise, KJL3 and 141 Trondheim)

3 22.08.2008

TEP 4185 – Scope

1. The course presents some selected applications f d i i ith of energy- and process engineering – with

focus on natural gas2 Challenges and problems specific to Norwegian 2. Challenges and problems specific to Norwegian

industry are addressed3 Focus on three topics:3. Focus on three topics:

• Gas processing• Liquefaction of natural gas (LNG)q g ( )• Natural gas fired power generation

4 22.08.2008

TEP 4185 – Learning outcome

1. Establish a basic understanding for gas value h ichains

2. The student is able to describe the main processing units in the value chainprocessing units in the value chain

3. The student is able to make process simulation models of parts of the chainmodels of parts of the chain

4. Understand the mathematical models used in unit operations in the toll PRO/IIunit operations in the toll PRO/II

5 22.08.2008

TEP 4185 –Petroleum production

6 22.08.2008

Heat industryPower and heat

generationHouseholds/buildings

ENERGYSTATIONARY

g

STATIONARY

ENERGY TRANSPORTNATURAL GAS

LNG/CNGNATURAL GAS

PRODUCTS

Hydrogen MetHanol Ammonia Proteins Plastics raw materials

7 22.08.2008

y g

Norwegian NaturalGas Pipeline SystemGas Pipeline System

Norway5th largest oil exporter3rd largest natural gas exporter3rd largest natural gas exporter

25% of Norwegian CO2 emissionsf il d d ti

8 22.08.2008

from oil and gas production

MelkøyaTjeldbergodden

Mongstad

Ormen Lange

g

Kollsnes

Borealis - Bamble

Kårstø

9 22.08.2008

TEP 4185 –The Teaching Team

10 22.08.2008

The national challenge - environment

11 22.08.2008

The national challenge - environment

12 22.08.2008

TEP4185 – the planTEP 4185 Industrial Process and Energy Technology Ver 3 - 18.aug.2008

Week Date Lec Issue Lect.

1 34 22 aug 3LInformation/outline/motivation,Introduction industrial processes energy chains All1 34 22.aug 3L Introduction, industrial processes, energy chains,Examples on important challenges within the Norwegian industry.

All

1 35 25.aug 2E CE1 - PRO/II Introdution - Getting started OB2 35 29.aug 3L Excursion to Statoil R&D Centre at Rotvoll, Trondheim All2 36 01.sep 2E Exercise 1 - general knowledge about natural gas technologies OB

3 36 05.sep 3LGas ProcessingÅsgard transport chain, offshore processing and gas transportation. Flow assurance with glycols, removal and reprocessing

AOF

3 37 08.sep 2P GP1 - Gas Processing AOF

4 37 12 sep 3LGas Processing

Even Solbraa4 37 12.sep 3LKårstø gas processing plant. Hydrocarbon extraction

Even Solbraa

4 38 15.sep 2E Exercise GP2 - Gas Processing AOF

5 38 19.sep 3LGas ProcessingThe Kårstø plant (cont.)

Even Solbraa

5 39 22.sep 2E CE2 - Gas transport and Processing Exercise AOF5 39 22.sep 2E CE2 Gas transport and Processing Exercise AOF6 39 26.sep 3L LNG: LNG transport chain. LNG fundamentals GO/JP6 40 29.sep 2P Presentation CE2 AOF

7 40 03.okt 3LHeat exchangersApplications in gas processing and LNG

GO/JP

13 22.08.2008

TEP4185 – the plan7 41 06.okt 2E LNG1 LNG - Thermodynamics of LNG Liquefaction GO/JP/AOF8 41 10.okt 2L LNG: Concepts of liquefaction GO/JP8 42 13.okt 2E CE 3 LNG Cycles GO/JP/AOF9 42 17.okt 3L LNG: Comparison of existing LNG processes for Baseload Plants. GO/JP9 43 20.okt 2E Presentation CE3 - LNG Cycles GO/JP/AOF

10 43 24.okt 3LPower production: Power cycles thermodynamics Turbo machinery, principles, velocity triangles, Power, Turbo machinery

OB

10 44 27.okt 2E Intro to Tjeldbergodden - Dr. Jostein Sogge GO/JP/AOF11 44 31.okt L Excursion to the Tjeldbergodden gas processing facility TBO/OB11 44 31.okt L Excursion to the Tjeldbergodden gas processing facility TBO/OB11 45 03.nov 2E CE4 Power Analysis

12 45 07.nov 3LPower production (continued):Steam turbine cycles: steam turbines, HRSGs, cooling systems

OB

12 46 10.nov 2E Presentation of CE4 Power Analysis OBPower production (continued): Gas turbine off design modelling and

13 46 14.nov 3LPower production (continued): Gas turbine off-design modelling and simulation

OB

13 47 17.nov 2E Excercise P2 OB

14 47 21.nov 3LPower production (continued): Cogeneration of heat and power, introduction to CO2 capture OB + OG/JP/AOF1L: Summary of the course + questions

16.des Exam All

14 22.08.2008

TEP4185Compendium – for sale from nowCompendium – for sale from now

Energy and Process EngineeringDepartment office student reception

15 22.08.2008

Department office – student reception2nd floor

Computer exercises TEP4185R d M d 12 00 14 00Reserved Mondays 12:00-14:00

Computer roomVM iljVM-paviljongRoom: Trondheim

16 22.08.2008

PRO/II introPRO/II introMonday Aug 25 – 12:15-14:00y g

17

Reference group

• Who

18 22.08.2008

Natural gas processing – intro Aug 22 2008Natural gas processing intro Aug 22, 2008

Learning objectivesLearning objectives

1. Establish a basic understanding of the natural gas value chain; from g g

well to the market

2 Be able to understand and describe the main processing steps in the 2. Be able to understand and describe the main processing steps in the

chain

3 bl k l d l / f f h3. Be able to make simulatioon models in PRO/II for various parts of the

chain

4. Understand the mathematical models that are used for unit

operations in PRO/II

SyllabusSyllabus

•Compendiump

– Gas Processing - Part-I Off-shore gas condition for rich gas

transporttransport

– Gas Processing - Part-II Equipment in gas processing.

i liTransport pipeline

– Gas Processing – Part-III NGL extraction and fractionation

TEP 4185 Industrial ProcessesFall 2008

Liquefied Natural Gas – Lecture Objectives and Syllabus

2

Natural gas liquefaction plantsNatural gas liquefaction plants

Shtokman Yamal

NIOC LNG

Persian LNGPars LNG (Iran)QG IV

QG III

Kenai

ShtokmanSnøhvit

Baltic LNG

Abu Dhabi LNG

Oman LNG

QG IIQG I

RasGas 1-5RasGas 6/7

Marsa el Brega SakhalinArzew

Mariscal Sucre

Gassi Touil Bi t l

Damietta

Deltana

Peru LNG

AtlanticLNG Mauritania

Yemen LNG

TouilSkikda

Idku Arun

Bintulu BruneiCentral Salawesi

TangguhIchthysSunrisePilbara

BontangBontang

Bolivia LNG Angola LNG Darwin LNG

Browse BasinAustralia NWS 1-5

Pluto

Gorgon

Pilbara

Akwa Ibom

OK LNGOK LNG

Brass LNG

Equatorial Guinea

Liquefaction Plant – Existing/ Under Construction

Liquefaction Plant – Proposed

NLNG 1-6NLNG 7/8/9

Source: CERA

3

LNG demandLNG demand

600USA

UK

500

Turkey

Taiwan

Spain

South Korea

300

400South Korea

Singapore

Portugal

New ZeelandBcm

/y

CAGR 9.5%

200

Netherlands

Mexico

Japan

Italy

CAGR 6.8%

0

100Java

India

Greece

Germany0

1990

1992

1994

1996

1998

2000

2002

2004

2006

2008

2010

2012

2014

Germany

France

Caribbean

China

4

Objectives - LNGObjectives - LNG

• Basic knowledge about the elements of an LNG chain with main focus on natural gas liquefaction technologynatural gas liquefaction technology

• Basic thermodynamic properties of LNG

• Construction of heating/cooling curves of natural gas by the use of PRO/II• Construction of heating/cooling curves of natural gas by the use of PRO/II.

• Understanding of gas purification and quality specifications for LNG

• Understanding of plant block diagrams• Understanding of plant block diagrams

• Flow diagrams and principles for the major types of liquefaction processesp

• Some skills in the optimization of a single mixed refrigerant process.

• Understanding of cryogenic heat exchanger principlesg y g g p p

5

Curriculum - LNGCurriculum - LNG

• LNG characteristics (Slides)

– Properties, LNG chain, applications, plant block diagram, hydrates

• Liquefaction process fundamentals (Slides)

– Refrigeration cycles, fluids, process basics

• Natural gas liquefaction processes (Slides/notes)

– Cascade process (ConocoPhillips), single mixed refrigerant process, propane-precooled mixed refrigerant process, AP-X, dual mixed refrigerant, mixed fluid cascade (MFC)g , ( )

• LNG heat exchangers (Slides)

– Spiral wound and plate fin heat exchanger principles, construction, p p g p p , ,features, design aspects

TEP 4185 I d t i l P d E Industrial Process and Energy Technology

Power generation - introg

Olav Bolland

1

1

Bolland

Power Plants

• Turbo machinery –• principles of operation• stages with velocity triangles• how is work produced/consumed in a turbine/compressorp p

• Power Cycle performance• Steam Cycle design• Performance calculationsPerformance calculations• Gas turbines – off-design performance model

2

2

Bolland

Learning objectivesA basis for the students is the introduction already given in previous courses on cycle

thermodynamics, as well as for that basic heat transfer.

The student shall obtain basic knowledge about gas turbine base power generation, with respect to unit operations involved and system integration.

More specific the student shall be able to understand the flow in turbo machinery;More specific the student shall be able to understand the flow in turbo machinery; compressors and turbines, as well to understand how thermal energy is converted to work by knowing the conversion between different forms of energy in a compressor and turbine.

Further, the student shall learn about steam production in Heat Recovery Steam Generators (HRSG). It shall be understood how to calculate the steam production, and to know what the limitation for steam production isto know what the limitation for steam production is.

The student shall also understand the operational characteristic of a gas turbine; compressor map, turbine map, choking conditions for pressure determination. The student shall be able to calculate an off-design and or part-load conditions of a gas turbine, using a simplified methodology.

The students shall have basic knowledge about control of gas turbines

3

3

Bolland

The students shall have basic knowledge about control of gas turbines.

Gas turbines –Often used in combined cycles

turbine

compressor

combustor

4

4

Bolland

Turbine stageTurbine stage

5

5

Bolland

TQ-diagram for heat recovery process700

500

600Exhaust gas line,slope 1/(m*cp)

400

erat

ur

[C]

per

atu

re Eksos/Exhaust

Vann/Damp

pinch,smallest dT in boiler,limiting for thesteam production

200

300

Tem

pT

em

Vann/DampWater/steam

evaporator,boiling at constant

100

Superheater,slope 1/(m*cp)

temperature

economiser,slope 1/(m*cp)

0

0 50 100 150 200 250 300 350

Overført varme [MW]H t t f

slope 1/(m cp)

6

6

Bolland

Heat transfer

Compressor and turbine maps

7

7

Bolland