Term Source (Links) Definition - Census · Term Source (Links) Definition Actuators ... maintenance operations; provided to guide in the process ... Third Stage (BTS)

U.S. Rocket Propulsion Industrial Base Survey U.S. Department of Commerce Bureau of Industry and Security

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Term Source (Links) Definition

Actuators https://www.merriam-webster.com/dictionary/actuator

A mechanical device for moving or controlling something

Adhesives and Resins

http://naca.larc.nasa.gov/search.jsp?R=19960001489&qs=Ns%3DLoaded-Date%7C0%26N%3D4294850942%26No%3D0

Materials needed to fabricate successful bonds between conjoining parts

Advanced Manufacturing Demonstrator Engine (Test Bed System)

http://www.nasa.gov/centers/marshall/news/news/releases/2015/piece-by-piece-nasa-team-moves-closer-to-building-a-3-d-printed-rocket-engine.html

A NASA project to develop a 3D printable engine, reducing costs and reducing the number of components and time needed in construction

Advanced Technology Development (6.3)

DoD Financial Management Regulation Volume 2B, Chapter 5

Includes all efforts that have moved into the development and integration of hardware for field experiments and tests; results of this type of effort are proof of technological feasibility and assessment of operability and producibility rather than the development of hardware for service use For additional information click here.

AIM 9X Sidewinder

http://www.raytheon.com/capabilities/products/aim-9x

A dual use infrared missile effective in surface-to-air or air-to-air capacities; short range class of AIM 9X missile type

AJ26

http://www.americaspace.com/2013/01/20/aerojet-successfully-test-fires-aj26-engine/

First stage large liquid engine used in Antares until end of 2016; a dual main engine system commercial derivative of the NK-33 engine, an oxidizer-rich, staged-combustion, oxygen kerosene engine that achieves very high performance in a lightweight, compact package

AJ60-A

http://rocket.com/article/aerojet-rocketdyne-completes-centennial-aj60-solid-rocket-booster-support-atlas-v-launch

Large motor solid fueled rocket burning HTPB used as strap-on boosters to launch Atlas V and Vulcan rockets

Aluminum Fuel http://www.space.com/7429-rocket-fuel-mixes-ice-metal.html

Typically found in solid fuel rocket motors; made in part, or completely, using aluminum particles

Ammonium Perchlorate

https://thechemco.com/chemical/ammonium-perchlorate

A white, crystalline, solid or powder inorganic compound with the formula NH4ClO4 (perchloric acid and ammonia); powerful oxidizer used in the manufacture of rocket propellants; explosives and pyrotechnics; as an etching and engraving agent; and in analytical chemistry

AMRAAM (Advanced Medium Range Air-to-Air Missile)

http://www.navair.navy.mil/index.cfm?fuseaction=home.display&key=D3FAC4AB-2E9F-4150-9664-6AFBC83F203E

A missile that incorporates an active radar with an inertial reference unit and micro-computer system to guide the missile as it closes in on its target

AMS (Aerospace Material Specifications )

http://subs.sae.org/dlibstd-ams/ This comprehensive database includes more than 3,250 current standards and more than 15,700 historical versions issued by SAE’s aerospace materials committees

Analytical Modeling

http://serc.carleton.edu/introgeo/mathstatmodels/Analytical.html

Mathematical models that have a closed form solution; the solution to the equations used to describe changes in a system expressed as a mathematical analytic function










http://comptroller.defense.gov/Portals/45/documents/fmr/Volume_02b.pdf





http://www.navair.navy.mil/index.cfm?fuseaction=home.display&key=D3FAC4AB-2E9F-4150-9664-6AFBC83F203E%20%20




http://subs.sae.org/dlibstd-ams/




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ANSI/ASQC Z1.4 and Z1.9

www.ansi.org

Sampling Procedures and Tables Package - establishes sampling plans and procedures for inspection by variables and attributes for use in procurement, supply, storage, and maintenance operations; provided to guide in the process of measuring, examining and testing For additional information please click here.

ANSI/ESD S20.20 www.ansi.org

Protection of Electrical and Electronic Parts, Assemblies and Equipment (Excluding Electrically Initiated Explosive Devices) - administrative and technical requirements for establishing, implementing, and maintaining an ESD Control Program to protect electrical or electronic parts, assemblies, and equipment susceptible to damage by electrostatic discharges greater than or equal to 100 volts HBM, 200 volts CDM, and 35 volts on isolated conductors

ANSI/ISO/IEC 17025

www.ansi.org

General Requirements for the Competence of Testing and Calibration Laboratories specifying the competence to carry out tests and/or calibrations, including sampling; covers testing and calibration performed using standard methods, non-standard methods, and laboratory-developed methods For additional information click here.

Antares

https://www.orbitalatk.com/flight-systems/propulsion-systems/castor30-a/docs/Fact_Sheet_Castor_30xl.pdf

Rocket with numerous variants incorporating several interchangeable stages; RD-181 engine first stage, Castor 30B (3.5 meters tall) or Castor 30XL (6 meters tall) solid propellant second stage; optional third stage STAR 48BV solid rocket motor

APUs for Thrust Vector Control System (TVC)

http://spaceflight.nasa.gov/shuttle/reference/shutref/orbiter/hyd/

A hydrazine-fueled, turbine- driven power unit that generates mechanical shaft power to drive a hydraulic pump that produces pressure for the orbiter's hydraulic system; assists in allowing the rocket to be steered by directing its thrust and moving to the Upper Stage engine

AS 9100 http://certifications.thomasnet.com/certifications/glossary/quality-certifications/sae/as9100/

A company-level certification by the Society of Automotive Engineers (SAE) titled Quality Systems-Aerospace-Model for Quality Assurance in Design, Development, Production, Installation and Servicing

AS9120B

http://standards.sae.org/as9120b/

Includes ISO 9001:2015 quality management system requirements and specifies additional aviation, space, and defense industry requirements, definitions, and notes; requirements specified in this standard are complementary (not alternative) to customer and applicable statutory and regulatory requirements

ATACMS (Army Tactical Missile System)

http://fas.org/man/dod-101/sys/land/atacms.htm

Family of long-range, near all-weather guided missiles fired from the Multiple Launch Rocket System (MLRS) M270 launcher

Atlas V http://www.ulalaunch.com/Products_AtlasV.aspx

A family of Evolved Expendable Launch Vehicles (EELV) which uses a RD-180 engine burning kerosene and liquid oxygen to power its first stage and an American-built RL10 engine burning liquid hydrogen and liquid oxygen to power its Centaur upper stage; the SRBs are currently AJ60s but will be replaced in the future by the GEM 63

http://www.ansi.org/

http://asq.org/learn-about-quality/z14-z19/



http://webstore.ansi.org/RecordDetail.aspx?sku=ISO%2FIEC+17025%3A2005





http://standards.sae.org/as9120/




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Atlas V, Solid Rocket Booster (SRB) for

http://www.rocket.com/atlas-v-solid-rocket-motor

Designed to be a low cost, but still variable, strap-on booster, 62 inch (5 feet) diameter and 669 inch (67 feet) length monolithic composite motor case contains more than 90,000 pounds of propellant, providing more than 375,000 pounds of liftoff thrust

Atomized Aluminum Powder

http://spaceflight.nasa.gov/shuttle/reference/basics/srb/

A propellant used in rocket fuels consisting of aluminum that has been reduced to single atoms; most commonly composes a solid rocket booster

Avionics Sub-system

http://ntrs.nasa.gov/archive/nasa/casi.ntrs.nasa.gov/19920009594.pdf

A central computer for all subsystems; data storage for all subsystems; required by NASA to include: guidance, navigation, and control of the spacecraft

Avionics System http://science.ksc.nasa.gov/shuttle/technology/sts-newsref/sts-av.html

Controls, or assists in controlling, most of the shuttle systems including automatic determination of the vehicle's status and operational readiness; implementation sequencing and control for the solid rocket boosters and external tank during launch and ascent; performance monitoring; digital data processing; communications and tracking; payload and system management; guidance, navigation and control; and electrical power distribution for the orbiter, external tank and solid rocket boosters

Battery http://spaceplace.nasa.gov/batteries/en

A device consisting of one or more electrochemical cells with external connections provided to power electrical devices; when a battery is connected to an external circuit, electrolytes are able to move as ions within, allowing the chemical reactions to be completed at the separate terminals and so deliver energy to the external circuit; space technology commonly uses lithium-ion batteries

Bearings http://ntrs.nasa.gov/archive/nasa/casi.ntrs.nasa.gov/19830018943.pdf

A machine element that constrains relative motion to only the desired motion, and reduces friction between moving parts; the design may, for example, provide for free linear movement of the moving part or for free rotation around a fixed axis, or, it may prevent a motion by controlling the vectors of normal forces that bear on the moving parts

Bellows http://www.nasa.gov/returntoflight/system/LOX_feedline_bellows.html

A large pipe within a space shuttle that runs from the liquid oxygen tank at the top of the external tank to an umbilical at the bottom of the tank; often expansive to allow for movement through the feedline

Binder Jetting https://www.additively.com/en/learn-about/binder-jetting

Synonymous with 3D printing; inkjet print heads apply a liquid bonding agent onto thin layers of powder, by gluing the particles together, the part is built up layer by layer

Bi-Propellant Third Stage (BTS)

A small liquid (Helium-regulated bi-propellant system with Monomethyl hydrazine fuel and Nitrogen Tetroxide oxidizer) propulsion system that consists of three IHI BT-4 engines; third stage refers to the final stage of launch when there is little to no atmospheric pressure

Black Brant https://sites.wff.nasa.gov/code810/vehicles.html

A research rocket that is designed to carry sensors and take measurements in a sub-orbital flight; Black Brant XII is a four-stage rocket with a Mk 11 Mod 5 Talos booster first stage, Terrier booster second stage, Black Brant V third stage, and Nihka fourth stage



http://spaceplace.nasa.gov/batteries/en

http://spaceplace.nasa.gov/batteries/en

https://sites.wff.nasa.gov/code810/vehicles.html

https://sites.wff.nasa.gov/code810/vehicles.html


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Booster stages (large liquid propulsion)

https://spaceflightsystems.grc.nasa.gov/education/rocket/rktstage.html

The stage of launch where the thrust from the primary or main rocket/shuttle is aided by smaller boosters, which separate after exhausting all of their fuel; usually done as either Serial staging or Parallel staging, but can be the first stage of launch

Brazing http://www.gh-ia.com/brazing/overview.html

A metal-joining process in which two or more metal items are joined together by melting and flowing a filler metal into the joint, the filler metal having a lower melting point than the adjoining metal; a term used where the temperature exceeds some arbitrary value, such as 800°F; “soldering” is used for temperatures lower than the arbitrary value

Capability Maturity Model Integration (CMMI)

http://www.cio.com/article/2437864/process-improvement/capability-maturity-model-integration--cmmi--definition-and-solutions.html

A framework of best practices in managing, measuring, and monitoring software development processes; the model does not describe the processes themselves but the characteristics of good processes, providing guidelines for developing or honing custom sets of processes For additional information click here.

Carbon http://www.thefreedictionary.com/C+(element)

A nonmetallic element existing in the three crystalline forms: graphite, diamond, and buckminsterfullerene: occurring in carbon dioxide, coal, oil, and all organic compounds; a pattern maker which can link to itself, forming long, resilient chains called polymers

Carbon Cloth Phenolics

http://www.science.gov/topicpages/c/carbon+cloth+phenolic.html

Composites used extensively as ablative insulating materials in the nozzle region of solid rocket motors, fabricated from woven rayon cloth which is carbonized and impregnated with the phenolic resin; plies are layer up in the desired configuration and cured to form the finished part

Carbon Fiber http://dragonplate.com/sections/technology.asp

A high strength, stiff material combined with a resin matrix for a composite with exceptional mechanical properties; made by carbonization (drawing precursor fiber into long strands then heated to a very high temperature without allowing it to come in contact with oxygen), resulting in fiber composed of tightly inter-locked chains of carbon atoms without many non-carbon atoms

Casings

http://electrical-engineering-portal.com/7-most-common-motor-enclosure-types-defined-by-nema-standards

The outer protective surface of the structure that must withstand the engine forces and protect the internal components of the structure

Casting http://www.ametek-ecp.com/solutions/componentsandwire/alloyingcastingrollingandslitting

A manufacturing process in which a liquid material is usually poured into a mold, which contains a hollow cavity of the desired shape, allowed to solidify, then ejected or broken out of the mold to complete the process; casting materials are usually metals or various cold setting materials that cure after mixing two or more components together

Chambers https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Combustion_chamber

An enclosed space inside the propulsion system; a combustion chamber is used for the mixing and ignition of the propellant and oxidizer

http://www.gh-ia.com/brazing/overview.html

http://www.gh-ia.com/brazing/overview.html

http://www.sei.cmu.edu/cmmi/

https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Combustion_chamber

https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Combustion_chamber


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Coatings http://encyclopedia2.thefreedictionary.com/Metal+coatings

Functional coatings may be applied to change the surface properties of the substrate, such as adhesion, wettability, corrosion resistance, or wear resistance; or add a completely new property (such as a magnetic response or electrical conductivity) and forms an essential part of the finished product

Cold Gas Propulsion Systems (and their components)

http://www.lr.tudelft.nl/en/organisation/departments/space-engineering/space-systems-engineering/expertise-areas/space-propulsion/propulsion-options/chemical-rockets/cold-gas/

A rocket engine that typically uses a compressed, inert gas as a propellant; operates on compressed gas is an alternate method of propulsion that generally cannot provide as much impulse as a system using combustible propellants but also avoids many of the inherent safety hazards

Composite Materials

http://er.jsc.nasa.gov/seh/c.html#ceramics

Structural materials such as metals, ceramics, or plastics with built-in strengthening agents which may be in the form of filaments, foils, powders, or flakes of a different compatible material; consist of two or more materials designed to improve the strength of a material

Composite Materials Processing

https://www.britannica.com/technology/materials-processing

The transformation input products undergo to create the new composite material

Connectors http://llis.nasa.gov/lesson/3759

Allow quick connection and disconnection of electrical circuits for maintenance, modification, inspection, or troubleshooting, and include: circular, rectangular printed circuit, rectangular micro miniature, rectangular D-subminiature, rectangular rack and panel, coaxial, hermetic

Continuous Liquid Interface Production

http://science.sciencemag.org/content/347/6228/1349

A form of additive manufacturing that uses photo polymerization to create smooth-sided solid objects of a wide variety of shapes; continuous process beginning with a pool of liquid photopolymer resin, an ultraviolet light beam illuminates the precise cross-section of the object, causing the resin to solidify

Crew Space Transportation (CST-100)

https://www.nasa.gov/feature/boeing-revamps-production-facility-for-starliner-flights

The Starliner, under development, to carry astronauts to the International Space Station (ISS); expected first launch in 2018

CRV7 (Canadian Rocket Vehicle 7)

Small (70 mm) solid folding-fin ground attack rocket

Cryo Fuel (transfer, storage, and equipment)

https://www.osti.gov/scitech/biblio/5588280

Fuel requiring extremely low temperatures to maintain a liquid state, with equipment designed to store and transfer such fuels being thicker and stronger than those needed to carry their gaseous equivalents due to their higher pressures and need to preserve their temperature

Cryogenic Propellant


Gasses under normal conditions that are chilled to subfreezing temperatures and condensed to form highly combustible liquids with high-energy propulsion solutions

CubeSat https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/CubeSat

A U-class spacecraft and miniaturized satellite for space research that is made up of multiples of 10×10×11.35 cm cubic units, have a mass of no more than 1.33 kilograms per unit, and often use commercial off-the-shelf (COTS) components for their electronics and structure; most commonly put in orbit by deployers on the International Space Station or as secondary payloads on a launch vehicle


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CubeSat Propulsion

http://www.rocket.com/cubesat/mps-120

Modular Propulsion Systems™ (MPS™) is a 1U hydrazine propulsion system that provides both primary propulsion and 3-axis control capabilities in a single package

Curvics (Coupling)

http://www.arrowgear.com/products/curvic_couplings.html

Used for joining two or more members to form a single operating unit with precision face splines with curved radial teeth of contact depth; unlike the outside or inside teeth of a spur gear or angled face like bevel gears

Cutting Fluids (oils and greases)

http://enginemechanics.tpub.com/14105/css/Types-Of-Hydraulic-Fluids-39.htm

Cutting fluids are used during the machining process to keep excess heat to a minimum

Dampers https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Damper_(flow)

A valve or plate that stops or regulates the flow of air inside a duct

Dedicated Sensors

Sensors with a single, dedicated, design and purpose that perform a primary mission such as space surveillance or missile warning

Defense Advanced Research Projects Agency (DARPA)

http://www.darpa.mil/about-us/about-darpa

An agency of the U.S. Department of Defense with the mission to make pivotal investments in breakthrough technologies for national security

Defense Microelectronics Activity (DMEA)

http://www.dmea.osd.mil/trustedic.html

The program manager for the DoD Trusted Foundry program which provides a cost-effective means to assure the integrity and confidentiality of integrated circuits during design and manufacturing while providing the US Government with access to leading edge microelectronics technologies for both Trusted and non-sensitive applications

Defense-related Sales

U.S. Department of Commerce, Bureau of Industry and Security

For the purposes of this survey, defense-related sales include commercial, government, and foreign military sales; for example, direct or indirect sales with military end-use

Delta IV http://spaceflight101.com/spacerockets/delta-iv-heavy/

The largest and most powerful rocket currently in service with the United States uses the American RS-68 motor in its first stage, the Centaur second stage; new cryogenic second stage design called the Advanced Cryogenic Evolved Stage; available in five configurations: Delta IV Medium (Delta IV M), three variants of the Delta IV Medium-Plus (Delta IV M+), and Delta IV Heavy (Delta IV H)

Demonstration and Validation (6.4)


The (Dem/Val) phase includes all efforts necessary to evaluate integrated technologies, in as realistic an operating environment as possible, to assess the performance or cost reduction potential of advanced technology For additional information click here.

Development OMB Circular No. A-11 (2008)

Systematic application of knowledge toward the production of useful materials, devices, and systems or methods, including design, development, and improvement of prototypes and new processes to meet specific requirements

Developmental Test and Evaluation


Efforts associated with engineering or support activities to determine the acceptability of a system, subsystem, or component For additional information click here.




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Directed Energy Deposition

http://www.lboro.ac.uk/research/amrg/about/the7categoriesofadditivemanufacturing/directedenergydeposition/

A more complex printing process commonly used to repair or add additional material to existing components

Direct Metal Laser Sintering

http://www.turbocam.com/direct-metal-laser-sintering-dmls

An additive manufacturing technology that creates metal parts with highly complex geometries directly from 3-D CAD data in hours without any tooling; software slices the model into thin layers, which the DMLS machine then builds layer by layer, fusing metal powder into a solid part by melting it locally using a focused laser beam

DOD 5000 http://www.acqnotes.com/acqnote/acquisitions/dodi-5000

The overarching management principles and mandatory policies that govern the Defense Acquisition System and provide the detailed procedures that guide the operation For additional information click here.

DOD Science and Technology (S&T) Funding

https://www.aaas.org/fy16budget/department-defense

Federal sponsorship divided into three categories, or budget activities: 6.1, or basic research; 6.2, or applied research; and 6.3, advanced technology development

DPA Title III http://www.dpatitle3.com/dpa_db/

A Department of Defense-wide initiative under the Deputy Assistant Secretary of Defense, Manufacturing and Industrial Base Policy (MIBP) with Air Force as the Executive Agent, and the mission to create assured, affordable, and commercially viable production capabilities and capacities for items essential for national defense

Draco Thrusters http://www.spacex.com Powered by nitrogen tetroxide and monomethyl hydrazine and capable of producing about 90 pounds of thrust

Dragon Crew Module

http://www.spacex.com/news/2013/04/04/draco-thrusters

A commercial spacecraft currently contracted to carry supplies to the ISS; a variant is under development to carry manned personnel to the ISS as well; uses Draco thrusters to maneuver while in the vacuum of space and upon reentry into the Earth’s atmosphere; after reaching its targeted orbit, Dragon separates from the rocket and the Draco thrusters enable Dragon to make longer journeys

Ducts http://er.jsc.nasa.gov/seh/d.html A tube or passage that confines and conducts a fluid, as a passage for the flow of air to the compressor of a gas-turbine engine, a pipe leading air to a supercharger, etc.

Dynamic Seals http://www.globalspec.com/learnmore/mechanical_components/seals/dynamic_seals

Seals to retain or separate fluids, keep out contaminants, and contain pressure by creating a barrier between moving and stationary surfaces in rotary or linear applications such as rotating shafts and pistons; two categories - contact or clearance; contact seals have the seal bear against its mating surface under positive pressure

ECA (Earth Central Angle)

https://eosweb.larc.nasa.gov/content/eca

The angle from the center of the Earth to the two (2) places of interest, found by using Pythagoras' Theorem and sine ratio, or Haversine's formula

ECU (Engine Control Unit)

http://www.definitions.net/definition/Engine%20Control%20Unit

A type of electronic control unit that controls a series of actuators on an internal combustion engine to ensure optimal engine performance

Electric Propulsion

http://encyclopedia2.thefreedictionary.com/electric+propulsion

A general term encompassing all the various types of propulsion in which the propellant consists of electrically charged particles which are accelerated by electric or magnetic fields, or both

http://www.dtic.mil/whs/directives/corres/pdf/500002p.pdf


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Electrical http://er.jsc.nasa.gov/seh/e.html Involving the flow of electricity in a conductor

Electrical Systems http://science.ksc.nasa.gov/shuttle/technology/sts-newsref/sts-eps.html

Consists of three subsystems: power reactant storage and distribution, fuel cell power plants (electrical power generation) and electrical power distribution and control

Electrically Powered Spacecraft Propulsion

http://www.space.com/21199-space-electric-propulsion-engines.html

A system that uses electrical energy to change the velocity of a spacecraft; most work by electrically expelling propellant (reaction mass) at high speed while electro-dynamic tethers work by interacting with a planet's magnetic field

Electro Thermal Rocket Propulsion

http://www.daviddarling.info/encyclopedia/E/electrothermalprop.html

A form of electric propulsion where electrical energy is used to heat propellant, which expands through a supersonic nozzle to generate thrust; commonly resistojet and arcjet

Electromagnetic or Magneto Plasma Engine

http://www.adastrarocket.com/aarc/VASIMR

An engine that accepts gases (such as argon, xenon, or hydrogen) as an input; takes the cold gas and turns it into a super-heated using radio waves which turns the gasses to plasma and thermal motion is then guided with magnets and released to produce thrust; also known as Variable Specific Impulse Magneto-plasma Rocket (VASIMR)

Electronic Assembly

The process of putting together electronic components

Electronic Components

https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Electronic_component

Any basic discrete device or physical entity in an electronic system used to affect electrons or their associated fields; have two or more electrical terminals (or leads) aside from antennas which may only have one terminal

Electrostatic or Ion Propulsion Engine

http://www.nasa.gov/centers/glenn/about/fs21grc.html

An engine that ionizes propellant by adding or removing electrons to produce ions; ions are then released by a discharge cathode; positively charged ions are attracted to a grid that they are then accelerated out of resulting in an ion beam produces thrust

Engineering and Manufacturing Development (6.5)


Includes those projects in engineering and manufacturing development for service use but which have not received approval for full rate production; characterized by major line item projects and program control will be exercised by review of individual projects For additional information click here.

Engines (small liquid propulsion)

http://www.thefreedictionary.com/reaction-propulsion+engine

A motor that converts thermal energy to mechanical work using liquid fuel and oxidizer stored in separate tanks and then forced into a combustion chamber

Enriched Storable Oxidizers (ESOs)

https://ntrs.nasa.gov/search.jsp?R=20100019583

A family of optimized mixtures of between two and four oxidizer fluids; most applications constituent of these mixtures: nitrogen tetroxide (N2O4), nitrous oxide (N2O), and nitrogen dioxide (NO2), in some applications, the mixtures might include inhibited red fuming nitric acid

ESSM Blk 1 (Evolved SeaSparrow Missile Block 1)

http://nationalinterest.org/blog/the-buzz/revealed-the-us-navys-master-plan-crush-enemy-cruise-16418

A weapon system used primarily protect aircraft carriers, destroyers, cruisers, amphibious assault ships and other vessels against anti-ship missiles and other surface and airborne short-range threats to ships such as drones, enemy aircraft and helicopters

http://science.ksc.nasa.gov/shuttle/technology/sts-newsref/sts-eps.html

http://science.ksc.nasa.gov/shuttle/technology/sts-newsref/sts-eps.html








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ESSM Blk 2 (Evolved SeaSparrow Missile Block 2)


An upgrade to the ESSM Blk 1, featuring an active guidance system wherein the missile itself can achieve improved flight or guidance to its target by both receiving and actively sending electromagnetic signals

Exploration Upper Stage (EUS)

https://www.nasa.gov/exploration/systems/sls/major-review-completed-for-new-sls-exploration-upper-stage

The second stage of the SLS that will supersede the iCPS and will operate for Blocks 1B and 2 of the program; expected to fly on the second launch of SLS in 2021

Evolvable Cryogenics (eCryo) Project

https://www.nasa.gov/mission_pages/tdm/ecryo/index.html

A project, managed for the Space Technology Mission Directorate by NASA's Glenn Research Center, developing, validating and integrating cryogenic fluid management technologies with the potential to benefit a variety of future space vehicles and space systems

Exo-atmospheric Kill Vehicle (EKV)

https://www.mda.mil/system/gmd.html

A sensor/propulsion package that uses the kinetic energy from a direct hit to destroy the incoming target vehicle; hit-to-kill technology

Experimental Development

OMB Circular No. A-11 (2016)

Creative and systematic work, drawing on knowledge gained from research and practical experience, which is directed at producing new products or processes or improving existing products or processes and will result in gaining additional knowledge

Experimental Permits

http://www.faa.gov/about/office_org/headquarters_offices/ast/licenses_permits/sub_orbital_rockets/

Under the Commercial Space Launch Act of 2004 (CSLAA), the FAA was given the power to grant permits for the use of reusable suborbital, experimental rockets for testing of new equipment, techniques, and concepts, and crew training

FAA Certified https://www.faa.gov/licenses_certificates/

Licenses and certificates for aircraft, airline, airmen, airport, commercial space transportation

FAA Product Certification

http://www.faa.gov/aircraft/air_cert/design_approvals/media/CPI_guide_II.pdf

A certification that gives complete type design, production and airworthiness approval

FAA Safety Approvals for Commercial Launch Operations

http://www.faa.gov/about/office_org/headquarters_offices/ast/licenses_permits/safety_approvals/

Examinations and confirmations for public health or safety for every aspect of a commercial launch activity from components to personnel

Fabricated Assembly

https://en.oxforddictionaries.com/definition/fabrication

The process of product manufacturing and putting the components together

Fabrication, (Sub)Systems Assembly

http://www.bls.gov/ooh/Production/Assemblers-and-fabricators.htm

The process of fabrication and assembly consists of creating finished products and the parts that go into them

Fairings http://www.braeunig.us/space/glossary.htm

A structure whose main function is to streamline and smooth the surface of an aircraft or space vehicle

Falcon 9 (all variants)

http://www.spacex.com/falcon9

Family of rockets consist of two stages, the first stage with a Merlin 1D engine and the second stage with a Merlin 1D Vacuum engine, optimized to operate in space; Heavy - upgraded version with two recoverable booster stages that are essentially duplicate first stages

Fasteners https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Fastener

A hardware device that mechanically joins or affixes two or more objects together

Fiber https://www.merriam-webster.com/dictionary/fiber

A thread or filament from which a vegetable tissue, mineral substance, or textile is formed, often used in the manufacture of other materials








10

Flex Hoses http://www.ducting.com/hose-types/

Categorized by material make up; different materials provide various characteristics for temperature range, pressure tolerance, compressibility, and wear resistance

Flow-control Components

http://digitalcommons.library.umaine.edu/cgi/viewcontent.cgi?article=1032&context=honors

Only usable in liquid rockets, valves, regulators and manifolds allows for operators to control fuel and oxidizer flow, to maintain the most efficient fuel/oxidizer ration

Forging https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Forging A manufacturing process involving the shaping of metal using localized compressive forces, classified according to the temperature at which it is performed: cold warm, or hot

Forming https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Forming

Creation of metal parts by mechanically deforming the original material with very little material subtracted during the process

Flight Termination System (FTS)

http://www.sysplan.com/capabilities/radar/fts/

A fully redundant turn-key range safety and test system for remote control and flight termination of airborne test vehicles

FTS Linear Shaped Charge


The component is designed to produce a copper jet to cut four inch diameter holes in each of two spherical tanks, one containing fuel and the other an oxidizer that are hyperbolic when mixed, to terminate the Operation and Deployment Experiment Simulator (ODES) vehicle flight if necessary

FTS Safe and Arm Device

http://www.eba-d.com/products/electronic-safe-arm-sa-device/

Interfaces to the flight termination system using a 51 pin output and provides reliable, high voltage output to a Low Energy Exploding Foil Initiator (LEEFI) during flight termination

Fuel http://er.jsc.nasa.gov/seh/f.html Any substance used to produce heat, either by chemical or nuclear reaction in a heat engine

Fuel oils https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Fuel_oil#Classes

A hydrocarbon derivative of petroleum created through a fractional distillation process

Fuses https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Fuse_(electrical)

In electronics and electrical engineering, a type of low resistance resistor that acts as a sacrificial device to provide overcurrent protection, of either the load or source circuit

Gas Generator http://www.braeunig.us/space/glossary.html

A chamber in which propellant is burned to produce high pressure gas that is then used to drive a turbine, e.g. turbopump

Gas Turbines http://www.thefreedictionary.com/gas+turbine

An internal-combustion engine consisting essentially of an air compressor, combustion chamber, and turbine wheel that is turned by the expanding products of combustion

Gaskets https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Gasket

A mechanical seal which fills the space between two or more mating surfaces, generally to prevent leakage from or into the joined objects while under compression; commonly produced by cutting from sheet materials

Gear Shafts http://www.wisegeek.com/what-is-a-gear-shaft.htm

The axle of the gear providing the rotation that allows one gear to engage with and turn another; often known as gear reduction; essential to transferring horsepower from engine to drive mechanism


11

Glass Cloth Phenolics

http://www.emcoplastics.com/phenolics-glass-reinforced/

The glass base material and resin (epoxy, melamine, polyimide. or silicone) combination used is dependent upon the intended application of the finished product; physical strength, resiliency, ease and versatility of fabrication, and excellent electrical properties make phenolics useful as support components in a wide range of mechanical and electrical applications; glass cloth is rated for flammability

Graphite Epoxy Motor (GEM-60)

http://www.americaspace.com/2012/09/06/atk-ula-successfully-test-gem-60-to-validate-nozzle/

A solid rocket motor booster that is used on the Delta IV family of launch vehicles; 60-inches diameter, 53-feet long

Green Propellants

http://www.nasa.gov/centers/marshall/news/news/releases/2015/new-green-propellants-complete-milestones.html

Provide better performance than hydrazine without the toxicity; e.g. hydroxyl ammonium nitrate-based propellant (AF-M315E), ammonium dinitramide oxidizer (LMP-103S)

Green Propellant Thruster Development

https://www.nasa.gov/mission_pages/tdm/green/overview.html

Through the Green Propellant Infusion Mission (GPIM), NASA is developing a green alternative to conventional chemical propulsion systems for next-generation launch vehicles and spacecraft, such as NTO/MMH

GRIFFIN http://www.airforce-technology.com/projects/griffin-missile-system/

Missile program employed by the US Air Force and US Navy designed to hit moving targets with reliable accuracy; four variants: A (aft-eject), B (forward-firing), C (dual-mode seeker and waypoint navigation), C-ER (Extended Range)

Ground-based Midcourse Defense (GMD)


An element of the Ballistic Missile Defense System provides the capability to engage and destroy limited intermediate- and long-range ballistic missile threats in space; composed of Ground-Based Interceptors and Ground Support & Fire Control Systems components

Ground Based Interceptor (GBI)


A multi-stage, solid fuel booster with an EKV payload; when launched, the booster carries the EKV toward the target's predicted location in space, guided by data transmitted from Ground Support & Fire Control System components and on-board sensors to close with and destroy the target warhead; impact outside the Earth's atmosphere using only the kinetic force of the direct collision to destroy the target

Ground Support & Fire Control Systems


Redundant fire control nodes, interceptor launch facilities, and a communications network; GMD Fire Control (GFC) receives data from satellites and ground based radar sources, then uses that data to task and support the intercept of target warheads using GBI

Guided Multiple Launch Rocket System (GMLRS)

http://www.dod.mil/pubs/foi/Reading_Room/Selected_Acquisition_Reports/15-F-0540_GMLRS_GMLRS_AW_SAR_Dec_2014.PDF

Solid propellant artillery rocket deployed from the M270A1 and the High Mobility Artillery Rocket System mobile launch vehicles

Harness https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Cable_harness

An assembly of cables or wires which transmit signals or electrical power; bound together by straps, cable ties, cable lacing, sleeves, electrical tape, conduit, a weave of extruded string, or a combination thereof; also known as cable harness, wire harness, cable assembly, wiring assembly, or wiring loom

http://www.airforce-technology.com/projects/griffin-missile-system/











12

HC Polymer http://www.braeunig.us/space/glossary.htm

Saturated hydrocarbons; basis of petroleum fuels found as either linear or branched species

Heat Treating http://er.jsc.nasa.gov/seh/h.html

Heating and cooling a solid metal or alloy in such a way as to obtain desired conditions or properties; changes can be purely physical or also chemical; heating for the sole purpose of hot-working is excluded from the meaning of this definition

Hellfire http://fas.org/man/dod-101/sys/missile/agm-114.htm

A class of air-to-surface missiles used primarily as an anti-armor weapon fired by attack helicopters

High Power Electric

https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/High_Power_Electric_Propulsion

A variation of ion thruster used in nuclear electric propulsion applications; differs from earlier ion thrusters because the xenon ions are produced using a combination of microwave and magnetic fields

High-temperature Materials

http://technology.nasa.gov/materials_and_coatings/mat-hi-tempmaterials.html

Polyimides, metal alloys, and carbon-polymer composites resist damage, increase product lifetimes, and save energy; can operate at temperatures above 540 degrees Celsius

HP Polymer Binder (HTPB)

https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Hydroxyl-terminated_polybutadiene

An oligomer of butadiene terminated at each end with a hydroxyl functional group; reacts with isocyanates to form polyurethane polymers; translucent liquid with the color of wax paper and the viscosity of corn syrup

HX-752 http://www.machichemicals.com/pop-ingredients-agents-and-curatives

Bonding agent for ammonium perchlorate; a substance used to improve the mechanical properties of a composite system by increasing the adhesion between the filler particles and the rubbery matrix

Hybrid Rockets http://www.spg-corp.com/space-propulsion-group-resources.html

Consists of one solid propellant and one liquid propellant- the fuel and oxidizer can be either liquid or solid; typical configuration is a liquid oxidizer and a solid fuel

Hydraulic Fluids (oils and greases)


Fluids which allow for the transferring of power to hydraulic machinery

Igniters

https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Pyrotechnic_initiator http://ntrs.nasa.gov/archive/nasa/casi.ntrs.nasa.gov/19940022921.pdf

In solid rocket motors, a pyrotechnic initiator of highly combustible material that can be easily started by an electrical signal; liquid fuel mixtures may use a fuel/oxidizer torch inside the combustion chamber that is itself ignited by a spark plug or similar mechanism; spark ignitors are found around liquid fuel nozzles during launches to ensure that any unignited gasses are burned off before it accumulates to dangerous levels

Ignition System https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Ignition_system

Generates a spark or heats an electrode to a high temperature to ignite a fuel-air mixture in spark ignition internal combustion engines oil-fired and gas-fired boilers, rocket engines, etc.

Independent/ Internal Certifications

http://www.sfiprogram.org/sfi-standard/independent-certification-bodies/

Certification bodies must complete an accreditation program before they are approved to perform certification audits to any of the SFI Standards

Inert Propellants http://www.newworldencyclopedia.org/entry/Rocket_propellant

Propellants that obtain their energy from non-chemical or even external sources

http://fas.org/man/dod-101/sys/missile/agm-114.htm

http://fas.org/man/dod-101/sys/missile/agm-114.htm





13

Instrumentation, Sensors, Transducers

http://science.ksc.nasa.gov/shuttle/technology/sts-newsref/sts-inst.html

Orbiter operational instrumentation is used to collect, route and process information from transducers and sensors throughout the orbiter and its payloads; a sensor's function is to collect information about a process and transform it into an electrical system

Insulation https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Thermal_insulation

The reduction of heat transfer (the transfer of thermal energy between objects of differing temperature) between objects in thermal contact or in range of radiative influence

Interim Cryogenic Propulsion Stage (iCPS)

http://www.nasa.gov/sls/interim_cryogenic_propulsion_stage_141030.html

Designed as the second stage of the Space Launch System (SLS) to propel the Orion MPCV into the Moon's orbit during the program's early years (Block 1 of the program only)

Iodine Satellite (iSAT) Hall Thruster

http://www.nasa.gov/directorates/spacetech/small_spacecraft/iodine_satellite.html

Includes a thruster, hollow cathode, and propellant feed system; Phase I thruster has a power level of 1-3 kW; Phase II thruster tested at up to 20-kW, enabling near-term clusters of 80 to 160 kW

Ion Propulsion Systems (and their components)

http://www.nasa.gov/centers/glenn/about/fs21grc.html

A thruster that ionizes propellant by adding or removing electrons to produce ions; most thrusters ionize propellant by electron bombardment: a high-energy electron (negative charge) collides with a propellant atom (neutral charge), releasing electrons from the propellant atom and resulting in a positively charged ion, gas produced consists of positive ions and negative electrons in proportions that result in no over-all electric charge called a plasma

IPC J-STD-001D http://www.ipc.org/TOC/IPC-J-STD-001D.pdf

Requirements for Soldered Electrical and Electronic Assemblies - a joint standard developed by the National Standard for Soldering Task Group (5-22a), and the Soldering Subcommittee (5-22) of the Assembly and Joining Processes Committee (5-20) of IPC

Iron Oxide https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Iron_oxide

Chemical compounds composed of iron and oxygen; sixteen known iron oxides and oxyhydroxides

ISO 10012:2003 (revised from ISO 10012-1)

http://www.iso.org/iso/home/store/catalogue_ics/catalogue_detail_ics.htm?csnumber=26033

Generic requirements for guidance for the management of measurement processes and metrological confirmation of measuring equipment used to support and demonstrate compliance with metrological requirements; specifies quality management requirements of a measurement management system that can be used by an organization performing measurements as part of the overall management system, and to ensure metrological requirements are met

ISO 14000 http://www.iso.org/iso/home/standards/management-standards/iso14000.htm

Family of standards provides practical tools for companies and organizations of all kinds looking to manage their environmental responsibilities; ISO 14001:2015 and its supporting standards focus on environmental systems to achieve this

ISO 28000 http://www.iso.org/iso/catalogue_detail?csnumber=44641

Specifies the requirements for a security management system, including those aspects critical to security assurance of the supply chain; aspects include all activities controlled or influenced by organizations that impact on supply chain security




14

ISO 9000 http://www.iso.org/iso/iso_9000

Addresses various aspects of quality management; standards provide guidance and tools for companies and organizations who want to ensure that their products and services consistently meet customer’s requirements, and that quality is consistently improved

ISO TS 16948 www.iso.org Addresses solid biofuels; determination of total content of carbon, hydrogen and nitrogen

ISO TS 16949 https://www.iso.org/standard/52844.html

Defines the quality management system requirements for the design and development, production and, installation and service of automotive-related products

J-2X, System http://www.nasa.gov/exploration/systems/sls/j2x/

A highly efficient and versatile advanced rocket engine with the ideal thrust and performance characteristics to power the upper stage of NASA's Space Launch System; fueled by liquid oxygen and liquid hydrogen, delivers up to 294,000 pounds of thrust

FGM-148 JAVELIN http://www.lockheedmartin.com/us/products/Javelin.html

Man-portable fire-and-forget anti-tank missile; shoulder-fired anti-armor system that automatically guides itself to the target after launch

J-STD-001DS

https://www.ipc.org/4.0_Knowledge/4.1_Standards/J-STD-001DS-addendum.pdf http://ntrs.nasa.gov/archive/nasa/casi.ntrs.nasa.gov/20100017882.pdf

Addendum to IPC J-STD-001D to provide additional requirements to ensure the reliability of soldered electrical and electronic assemblies that must survive the vibration and thermal cyclic environments getting to and operating in space

Lander Technology

https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/VTVL https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Mars_Pathfinder https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Lander_(spacecraft)

Designed to ensure the soft landing of the spacecraft on the target object; may use parachutes on bodies with an atmosphere, retrorockets or the use of vertical takeoff and vertical landing (VTVL) systems, or even airbags; e.g. NASA's Morpheus and Mighty Eagle projects

Large Liquid Propulsion Systems

http://www.risacher.org/rocket/

Rocket engines which use liquid propellants and often liquid oxidizers, in mono, bi, and tri-propellant variations; liquids are used in larger rockets, while gasses stored at high pressure are used for small rocket engines

Large Machining The process of manufacturing massive machinery by a process of controlled material removal

Large Solid Rocket Motors

JANNAF Working Group Definition

40” and larger motors requiring more than one mix to cast a single motor and relatively limited production rate; an electrical signal is sent to the igniter which creates hot gases which ignite the main propellant grain; the propellant contains both fuel and oxidizer so they can operate in the vacuum of space

Launch Abort Engine (LAE)

http://www.rocket.com/article/aerojet-rocketdyne-successfully-completes-launch-abort-engine-development-testing-boeings

A critical component of future commercial crew transportation to low-Earth orbit; a pusher launch abort system pushes or propels a spacecraft toward safety if a launch abort is needed and, if unused for an abort, the propellant can be used for other portions of the mission

Launch/Reentry Permit

http://www.faa.gov/about/office_org/headquarters_offices/ast/licenses_permits/launch_reentry/

Licenses that require a seven-step authorization process and are granted on a case by case basis to allow operators to proceed to commercial launch and reentry operations

http://www.lockheedmartin.com/us/products/Javelin.html

http://www.lockheedmartin.com/us/products/Javelin.html

https://www.ipc.org/4.0_Knowledge/4.1_Standards/J-STD-001DS-addendum.pdf




15

Launch Services https://kscpartnerships.ksc.nasa.gov/Partnering-Opportunities/Launch-Systems/Launch-Services

A broad range of services involved in the launching of spacecraft or satellites, from pre-mission planning to post-launch data collection; piggyback launch opportunities alongside already planned launches is also a launch service

Liquid Propellant and Fuels

http://www.thefreedictionary.com/liquid+propellant

Any liquid or gas combustible fed to the combustion chamber of a rocket engine

Liquid Rocket Motors, Engines, (and their components)

https://spaceflightsystems.grc.nasa.gov/education/rocket/lrockth.html

In a liquid rocket engine, the fuel and oxidizer are stored in propellant tanks and pumped into the combustion chamber where the resulting exhaust is directed through the motor throat and nozzle

LO2/LCH4 Fuel (Liquid Oxygen/Liquid Methane)


Non-toxic, cryogenic propellants, estimated to have higher performance and lower overall systems mass compared to existing hypergolic propulsion systems; advantages of methane over hydrogen are higher density, clean burning, and space-storable characteristics

LOX/LH2 Fuel (Liquid Oxygen/ Liquid Hydrogen)

http://www.nasa.gov/topics/technology/hydrogen/hydrogen_fuel_of_choice.html

In combination with an oxidizer such as liquid oxygen, liquid hydrogen yields the highest specific impulse, or efficiency in relation to the amount of propellant consumed, of any known rocket propellant

Lubricating Fluids (oils and greases)


Lubricating fluids allow for the efficient movement of parts

M1D (Merlin 1D) https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Merlin_(rocket_engine_family)#Merlin_1D

Engine with sea level thrust of 620 kN (140,000 lbf), vacuum thrust of 690 kN (155,000 lbf), and the ability to throttle from 100% to 40% of full thrust

Machine Parts

The components that make up a system device

Machining https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Machining

Any of various processes in which a piece of raw material is cut into a desired final shape and size by a controlled material-removal process; also known as subtractive manufacturing

Manufacturing http://www.dictionary.com/browse/manufacturing

The making of or producing of goods or wares by manual labor or by machinery, especially on a large scale

Material Extrusion

http://www.me.vt.edu/dreams/material-extrusion/

When a plastic filament is heated to a malleable state and extruded through a nozzle; the nozzle uses g-code to draw each layer, one at a time, with the heated plastic, which then cools and transitions back into a solid state

Material Jetting https://www.additively.com/en/learn-about/material-jetting

Creating objects in a similar method to a two dimensional ink jet printer; material is jetted onto the build surface or platform, where it solidifies and the model is built layer by layer; then cured or hardened using ultraviolet (UV) light; polymers and waxes are commonly used materials

Material Preparation

http://design.atilim.edu.tr/courses/mfge210/metal_forming_1.pdf

Catch-all term including all method for changing a material such as casting, forming, molding, forging, etc.

Material Processing/ Finishing

https://www.britannica.com/technology/materials-processing

A series of operations that transforms industrial materials from a raw-material state into finished parts or products

Materials Testing http://www.nasa.gov/centers/wstf/laboratories/standard/index.html

Analysis designed to better understand, improve, and verify the systems, capabilities, and materials used in space flight, and ensure safety during manned space flights


16

MB60, System http://ntrs.nasa.gov/search.jsp?R=20130013956

Liquid rocket engine system to support of the Space Launch System (SLS) Program, includes furnishing the necessary management, labor, facilities, tools, equipment, and materials required to execute the specified activities

Mechanical Controls

https://www.nist.gov/el/energy-and-environment-division-73200/mechanical-systems-controls

Development and operation of HVAC equipment and systems

Mechanical Seals http://www.aesseal.com/en/resources/academy/what-is-a-mechanical-seal

A method of containing fluid within a vessel (typically pumps, mixers, etc.) where a rotating shaft passes through a stationary housing or occasionally, where the housing rotates around the shaft

Merlin 2 Concept www.spacex.com Large liquid - LOX/RP-1-fueled engine on a gas-generator cycle

MIL-STD-45662 A http://asq.org/fdc/2012/06/mil-q-9858a-the-origin-of-iso-9001.html?shl=109629

Military Standard: Calibration System Requirements (01 AUG 1988) [S/S BY ISO-10012-1 & ANSI-Z540-1] provides requirements for the establishment and maintenance of a calibration system to control the accuracy of measuring and test equipment and measurement standards used to assure that supplies and services delivered to the Government comply with prescribed technical requirements

Minuteman III http://www.boeing.com/defense/weapons/minuteman-iii/index.page

Intercontinental Ballistic Missile (ICBM) system; Ground Based Strategic Deterrent (GBSD) U.S. Air Force weapon system; land-based, silo-launched backbone of the nuclear deterrence triad

Missiles - Liquids https://www.grc.nasa.gov/www/k-12/rocket/lrockth.html

The stored liquid fuel and stored liquid oxidizer are pumped into a combustion chamber where they are mixed and burned - used on the Space Shuttle to place humans in orbit, on many un-manned missiles to place satellites in orbit, and on several high speed research aircraft following World War II

Missiles - Solids https://www.grc.nasa.gov/www/k-12/airplane/srockth.html

The fuel and oxidizer are mixed together into a solid propellant which is packed into a solid cylinder, a hole through the cylinder serves as a combustion chamber - used on air-to-air and air-to-ground missiles, on model rockets, and as boosters for satellite launchers

MPS features in tanks (large liquid propulsion)

http://science.ksc.nasa.gov/shuttle/technology/sts-newsref/sts-mps.html

Vent and relief valve, tumble valve, propellant depletion sensor, and ullage pressure transducer (see detailed definitions in this glossary)

MRO ( Mars Reconnaissance Orbiter)

http://mars.nasa.gov/mro/mission/spacecraft/parts/propulsion/

NASA satellite deployed to Mars orbit and used to conduct reconnaissance and exploration with extreme close-up photography

MVacD (Merlin Vacuum D)

https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Merlin_(rocket_engine_family)#Merlin_1D

A vacuum version of the Merlin 1D engine developed for the Falcon 9 v1.1 and the Falcon Heavy second stage

National Aerospace and Defense Contractors Accreditation Program

http://p-r-i.org/nadcap/

NADCAP is the leading worldwide cooperative program of major companies designed to manage a cost-effective consensus approach to special processes and products and provide continual improvement within the aerospace and automotive industries


17

NASA STD 5012 https://standards.nasa.gov/standard/nasa/nasa-std-5012

Provides strength and life assessment requirements for NASA liquid-fueled space propulsion system engines; “life”, as used in this Standard, refers to fatigue and creep; the requirements address analyses and tests to qualify an engine structurally and define the minimum structural requirements acceptable to NASA

NASA STD 5019 https://standards.nasa.gov/standard/nasa/nasa-std-5019

Addresses fracture control on all human-rated space systems to preclude catastrophic failure; specialized methodology to address the consequences of naturally occurring and service-induced flaws, damage, or cracks in a part or structure; requirements for all human-rated spaceflight systems including payloads, propulsion systems, orbital support equipment, and planetary habitats

NASA STD 6016 https://ntrs.nasa.gov/archive/nasa/casi.ntrs.nasa.gov/20090037321.pdf

Provides minimum requirements for Materials and Processes (M&P) used in design, fabrication, and testing of flight components for NASA manned, unmanned, robotic, launch vehicle, lander, in-space and surface systems, and spacecraft program/project hardware elements. For information on NASA STD 6016A, click here.

National Rocket Propulsion Test Alliance

http://rockettest.nasa.gov/nrpta/default.htm

Formed in an agreement between NASA and DoD, in 1998, with the purpose to provide the best possible national test standards for rocket propulsion, and to coordinate the rocket/propulsion activates of various agencies

NCLS (National Conference of Standards Laboratories International)

http://www.ncsli.org/i/i/m/a/c/a/AboutUs.aspx?hkey=e293acf0-8be8-4663-bc65-eb0ee550f33c

Member based and volunteer driven Professional Trade Organization which provides opportunities for measurement science professionals to network and exchange information, to promote measurement education and skill development and to develop a means to resolve measurement challenges

Non-Toxic Monopropellant Propulsion Systems (and their components)

https://www.researchgate.net/publication/268569574_NOFBX_A_Non-Toxic_Green_Propulsion_Technology_with_High_Performance_and_Low_Cost

Propellants consisting of chemicals that release energy through exothermic chemical decomposition, typically triggered by a catalyst; non-toxic variants of monopropellant typically replace current hydrazine systems; some alternatives include nitrous-oxide mixtures and energetic ionic liquids (EILs)

Nozzles http://www.nasa.gov/audience/forstudents/k-4/dictionary/Nozzle.html

Short, narrow tube that directs a flow or spray of liquid or gas to provide thrust to a rocket

Nuclear Thermal/Nuclear Fusion Propulsion

https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Nuclear_thermal_rocket

A rocket where a working fluid, usually liquid hydrogen, is heated to a high temperature by a nuclear reactor, and then expands through a rocket nozzle to create thrust

Operational System Development (6.7)


Projects in support of development acquisition programs or upgrades still in engineering and manufacturing development, but which have received Defense Acquisition Board (DAB) or other approval for production For additional information click here.

Operational Test and Evaluation


Efforts associated with engineering or support activities to determine the acceptability of a system, subsystem, or component For additional information click here.

https://standards.nasa.gov/standard/nasa/nasa-std-6016




18

Ordnance Transfer Lines

http://www.google.com/patents/US20030164107

A Rapid Deflagrating Cord (RDC) hermetically encapsulated in a metal tubing; the metal tubing terminates at end fittings such as a loaded high energy end fitting which detonates, a low energy end fitting which burns, and a percussion primer used to start burning of the RDC in the transfer line; the transfer line is constructed so that gases produced during the burning of the RDC do not escape and pose a threat to the surroundings during functioning and so moisture does not enter the system during shelf life, transportation, or at any other time prior to functioning

O-rings https://linktechcouplings.com/category/industry-news/

A gasket in the form of a ring with a circular cross section, typically made of pliable material, used to seal connections in pipes, tubes, connectors, etc.; typically prevent fluid or air from going IN or OUT of a designated area

Oriole Booster https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Terrier_Oriole

Type of sounding rocket used to test ballistic missile defense systems; 3-fin version (VB) and a 4-fin version (VC)

Orion Multipurpose Crew Module

http://www.space.com/19292-nasa-orion-space-capsule-explained-infographic.html

Designed by NASA as a spacecraft to carry astronauts into Low Earth Orbit (LEU) atop the European Space Agency designed Service Module (based from the ESA's Automated Transfer Vehicle); equipped with an AJ10-190 (repurposed Shuttle Orbiter Maneuvering Engine), AR R4D Engines, Reaction Control Engines (repurposed from the ESA ATV) and AR MR104 hydrazine Engines

Other liquid propellants and fuels (petroleum-based)

http://www.braeunig.us/space/propel.htm

Three types: petroleum, cryogens, and hypergols For additional information please click here.

Other Space-related Fuels

https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Rocket_propellant

For a list of types of rocket propellant, refer to this link

Other Space-related Propulsion Systems

https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Spacecraft_propulsion#Table_of_methods

For an exhaustive list of past and present propulsion systems, refer to the link

Oxidizer

http://www.qrg.northwestern.edu/projects/vss/docs/propulsion/2-what-is-an-oxidizer.html https://www.osha.gov/dsg/hazcom/ghd053107.html#a

Chemicals other than a blasting agent or explosive as defined in [29 CFR] 1910.109(a), that initiates or promotes combustion in other materials, thereby causing fire either of itself or through the release of oxygen or other gases

PAC 3 (Patriot Advanced Capability-3)

http://www.bga-aeroweb.com/Defense/Patriot-PAC-3.html

High velocity missile meant to destroy incoming enemy missile targets by direct impact; the Patriot Weapon System is operational and fielded by the U.S. Army

PAC 3 MSE (Missile Segment Enhancement)

http://www.bga-aeroweb.com/Defense/Patriot-PAC-3-MSE.html

An evolution from the PAC 3 missile, the MSE program is an air-defense, guided missile system with long-range, medium- to high-altitude, all-weather capabilities designed to kill Tactical Ballistic Missiles (TBMs), cruise missiles, and advanced aircraft

Parts Manufacturer Approval

http://www.faa.gov/aircraft/air_cert/design_approvals/pma/

A combined design and production approval for modification and replacement articles which allows a manufacturer to produce and sell these articles for installation on type certificated products













19

PBI-NBR Rubber ( Polybenzimidazole acrylonitrile butadiene)


A new insulation that replaced asbestos-based insulations found in Space Shuttle heritage solid rocket boosters; characteristics include an excellent thermal erosion resistance, low thermal conductivity, and low density

Peregrine Rocket http://arc.aiaa.org/doi/abs/10.2514/6.2014-3870

A sounding rocket in development that is designed to propel a 5kg payload to the edge of space; a joint basic research program of NASA Ames Research Center, NASA Wallops, Stanford University, and the Space Propulsion Group, Inc. (SPG)

Phenolics https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Phenolic

Carbolic acid, a colorless crystalline solid and aromatic compound; a class of chemical compounds that include phenol; phenolic paper, a type of cardboard used for printed circuit boards; phenolic resin, a type of synthetic polymer; polyphenols, non-polymeric phytochemical compounds containing multiple phenol substructures

Polymer https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Polymer

A large molecule, or macromolecule, composed of many repeated subunits; range from synthetic plastics such as polystyrene to natural biopolymers such as DNA and proteins that are fundamental to biological structure and function; created via polymerization of many small molecules, known as monomers

Powder Bed Fusion (PBF)

http://www.lboro.ac.uk/research/amrg/about/the7categoriesofadditivemanufacturing/powderbedfusion/

Method using either a laser or electron beam to melt and fuse material powder together; electron beam melting (EBM), methods require a vacuum but can be used with metals and alloys in the creation of functional parts; all PBF processes involve the spreading of the powder material over previous layers

Precision Machining

http://tessaprecision.com/precision-machining.php

A process to remove material from a piece while holding close tolerance finishes; the precision machine has many types, including milling, turning and electrical discharge machining and is generally controlled using a Computer Numerical Controls (CNC)

Pressurant http://ntrs.nasa.gov/archive/nasa/casi.ntrs.nasa.gov/20100035254.pdf

Inert gas pumped into fuel chamber to maintain liquid fuel pressure; can also be used to force liquid fuels into the combustion chamber where thrust is produced

Pressure Vessels https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Pressure_vessel

A container designed to hold gases or liquids at a pressure substantially different from the ambient pressure

Pressure-fed Engines (small liquid propulsion)

http://www.ewp.rpi.edu/hartford/~ernesto/S2013/EP/MaterialsforStudents/Lee/Sutton-Biblarz-Rocket_Propulsion_Elements.pdf

A class of rocket engine design, which replaces turbopumps, utilize a separate gas supply, usually helium, to pressurize the propellant tank and force liquid fuel and oxidizer into the combustion chamber

Propellant Tanks https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Propellant_tank

Pressure vessels where liquid fuels are stored prior to use while minimizing slosh and particularly when the tank is nearly empty, minimizing vortexing; often constructed of materials such as aluminum alloys, steels or carbon fiber

Propellant (large liquid propulsion)


Petroleum: Fuels refined from crude oil and are a mixture of hydrocarbons, Cryogenic: Liquefied gases stored at very low temperatures, most frequently liquid hydrogen, Hypergolic: Propellants that ignite on contact with its oxidizer, and require no ignition source

http://arc.aiaa.org/doi/abs/10.2514/6.2014-3870

http://arc.aiaa.org/doi/abs/10.2514/6.2014-3870


20

Propellant Depletion Sensor


MPS features that reside in tanks which monitor the fuel and oxidizer tanks, and cut off engine power if they detect a dry-condition in any of the tanks

Propulsion-related

U.S. Department of Commerce, Bureau of Industry and Security

Any activity/component/subsystem/test/product/service that contributes to U.S. Government or Commercial propulsion systems (including the propulsion of a launch vehicle, missile, and in-space spacecraft propulsion)

Qualified Bidders List

https://www.acquisition.gov/far/html/Subpart%209_2.html

Bidders who have had their products examined and tested and satisfied all applicable qualification requirements for that product or have otherwise satisfied all applicable qualification requirements

Qualified Manufacturer List

http://www.dla.mil/TroopSupport/IndustrialHardware/Engineering-and-Technical-services/Qualified-Suppliers-List/

Manufacturers and/or distributors pre-qualify to supply certain items based on an assessment of the provider's applied process controls from a qualification program of best industry practices and the DLA Troop Support Construction & Equipment & Industrial Hardware supply chains' acquisition process

Qualified Products List

http://qpldocs.dla.mil/

The Qualified Products Database (QPD) serves as the official repository for all qualification information in the form of Qualification Data Sets; contains qualification information regarding products and manufacturers as compiled and maintained by the individual Qualifying Activities (QA); a robust application that facilitates frequent updates to qualification data and its immediate availability to users within the Standardization community

R&D Equipment OMB Circular No. A-11 (1998)

Includes expendable or movable equipment (e.g., spectrometers, microscopes) and office furniture and equipment; routine purchases of ordinary office equipment or furniture and fixtures are normally excluded

R&D Facilities OMB Circular No. A-11 (1998)

Includes the acquisition, design, and construction of, or major repairs or alterations to, all physical facilities for use in R&D activities; facilities include land, buildings, and fixed capital equipment, regardless of whether the facilities are to be used by the government or by a private organization, and regardless of where title to the property may rest

RAM (Rolling Airframe Missile)

https://www.defenseindustrydaily.com/ram-missile-systems-contracts-events-updated-02093/

The RIM-116 is a lightweight, quick-reaction, fire-and-forget missile designed to destroy anti-ship cruise missiles and asymmetric air and surface threats; designed as a high-firepower, low-cost, self-defense system against anti-ship cruise missiles and other asymmetric threats; no shipboard support required (i.e., no illuminators) after missile launch

RAM Blk 2 (Rolling Airframe Missile Block 2)

http://www.raytheon.com/capabilities/products/ram/

A variant with a larger rocket motor, advanced control section, and an enhanced RF receiver capable of detecting the quietest of threat emitters; improvements make the missile two and a half times more maneuverable, with one and a half times the effective intercept range

Raptor Engine

http://www.universityherald.com/articles/37264/20160814/mars-mission-spacex-comes-two-steps-closer-bringing-humans-red.htm

Family of cryogenic, methane-fueled rocket engines power lower and upper stages of space flight; the system is designed to be reusable







21

Rated Order (DO or DX)

A prime contract, a subcontract, or a purchase order in support of an approved program issued in accordance with the provisions of the Defense Priorities and Allocation System (DPAS) regulations (15 CFR part 700.12)

Raw Material Provider

http://www.merriam-webster.com/dictionary/raw%20material

A supplier of raw material, or a basic material used in composition of something

Raw Materials http://www.merriam-webster.com/dictionary/raw%20material

Crude or processed material that can be converted by manufacture, processing, or combination into a new and useful product

Rayon http://www.dictionary.com/browse/rayon

A regenerated, semisynthetic textile filament made from cellulose, cotton linters, or wood chips by treating these with caustic soda and carbon disulfide and passing the resultant solution, viscose, through spinnerets

Rayon Fabric Carbonizing

http://www.google.com/patents/US3313596

Rayon fibers that have been super-heated in an oxygen-free environment, which have had carbon atoms applied to them; the carbon atoms bond in the extreme heat to create crystal structures aligned with the rayon fiber and enhance the strength of the fiber and bond the carbon to the rayon

Rayon Fabric Weaving

http://www.apparelsearch.com/definitions/fabric/weaving_woven_definition.htm

Involves placing two threads or yarn and turning them into cloth of basic single layer or infinitely complex weave structures; the fabric is very durable

Rayon Yarn http://www.merriam-webster.com/dictionary/yarn

A continuous often plied strand used in weaving and knitting to form cloth

RDT&E Management Support (6.6)


Includes R&D efforts directed toward support of installation or operations required for general R&D use - test ranges, military construction, maintenance support of laboratories, operations and maintenance of test aircraft and ships, and studies and analyses in support of R&D program For additional information click here.

Redesigned Kill Vehicle (RKV)

http://www.raytheon.com/capabilities/products/ekv/

A kinetic projectile or an explosive warhead supposed to impact on or (in the case of the warhead) near a target; the final missile stage of an interceptor weapon

Regulators http://www.merriam-webster.com/dictionary/regulator

A device for controlling the level or amount of something (such as speed or temperature)

Relays http://www.dictionary.com/browse/relay

In Machinery - an automatic control device in which the settings of valves, switches, etc., are regulated by a powered element, as a motor, solenoid, or pneumatic mechanism actuated by a smaller, sensitive element In Electricity - a device, usually consisting of an electromagnet and an armature, by which a change of current or voltage in one circuit is used to make or break a connection in another circuit or to affect the operation of other devices in the same or another circuit

Research, Applied

OMB Circular No. A-11 (2016) Original investigation undertaken in order to acquire new knowledge; directed primarily towards a specific practical aim or objective

Research, Basic OMB Circular No. A-11 (2016)

Experimental or theoretical work undertaken primarily to acquire new knowledge of the underlying foundations of phenomena and observable facts; may include activities with broad or general applications in mind



22

Resin http://www.merriam-webster.com/dictionary/resin

Various solid or semisolid amorphous fusible flammable natural organic substances that are usually transparent or translucent and yellowish to brown, are formed especially in plant secretions, are soluble in organic solvents (as ether) but not in water, are electrical nonconductors, and are used chiefly in varnishes, printing inks, plastics, and sizes and in medicine

Retro Propulsion http://www.oxforddictionaries.com/us/definition/american_english/retropropulsion

Backward propulsion; specifically propulsion provided by retro-rockets

Rings http://www.merriam-webster.com/dictionary/ring

A circular band for holding, connecting, hanging, pulling, packing, or sealing

RL 10 Engine, System

http://www.rocket.com/rl10-engine Three variations of a liquid hydrogen engine for the upper stages of Atlas V and Delta IV launch vehicles: A-4-2, B-2, and C-1 are 90, 86, and 163.5 inches long, respectively

RS68 Booster for Delta IV, System

http://www.ulalaunch.com/uploads/docs/Launch_Vehicles/Delta_IV_Users_Guide_June_2013.pdf

The world’s largest liquid hydrogen powered engine, produces 663,000 lbs. of thrust; 17.1 ft. long, 8 ft. in diameter

RTV (room temperature vulcanization silicone)

https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/RTV_silicone

A silicone rubber made from a two-component system (base plus curative; A+B) available in a hardness range of very soft to medium - usually from 15 Shore A to 40 Shore; can be cured with a catalyst consisting of either platinum or a tin compound such as dibutyltin dilaurate; applications include low-temperature over molding, molds for reproducing, and lens applications for optically clear grades

SAE AS9003 http://standards.sae.org/as9003/

Inspection and Test Quality System - contains the minimum requirements for supplier Inspection and Test Quality System; quality system requirements are complementary (not alternative) to the contractual and applicable law and regulatory requirements

SAE AS9100 http://standards.sae.org/as9100/

Quality Systems - Aerospace - Model for Quality Assurance in Design, Development, Production, Installation and Servicing - includes ASQ 9001:2000 quality system requirements and specifies additional requirements for the quality system of the aerospace industry; for those not involved in design activities (Ref. ASQ 9002), 4.4 is not applicable

Satellite Tethers https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Space_tether

Long cables which can be used for propulsion, momentum exchange, stabilization and altitude control, or maintaining the relative positions of the components of a large dispersed satellite/spacecraft sensor system

SBIR (Small Business Innovation Research) Contracts

https://sbir.nih.gov/about/three-phase-program

Funds early stage small businesses that are seeking to commercialize innovative biomedical technologies; competitive program helps small businesses participate in federal research and development, develop life-saving technologies, and create jobs For additional information please click here.

Seals http://ntrs.nasa.gov/search.jsp?R=20040182410

Device joining systems or mechanisms together by preventing leakage, containing pressure, or excluding contamination; sealants depend on adhesion, while gaskets depend on compression - both are considered seals

https://www.sbir.gov/about/about-sbir#sbir-three-phase-program


23

Sensors http://www.merriam-webster.com/dictionary/sensor

A device that detects or measures a physical property and records or otherwise responds to that measurement

Servoactuators http://www.baldor.com/Shared/manuals/1205-394.pdf

An automatic device uses an input, usually electricity, to produce motion; have error-sensing negative feedback that is used to correct the performance of a mechanism by comparing feedback to system information

Shaping Molding and casting a material to transform the shape

Sheet Lamination http://www.lboro.ac.uk/research/amrg/about/the7categoriesofadditivemanufacturing/sheetlamination/

Includes ultrasonic additive manufacturing (UAM) and laminated object manufacturing (LOM); UAM uses sheets or ribbons of metal which are bound together using ultrasonic welding; LOM uses a similar layer by layer approach but uses paper as material and adhesive instead of welding

Sheet Metal Fabrication

https://www.nasa.gov/centers/armstrong/capabilities/CodeZ/facilities/sheet_metal.html

The building of metal sheets via cutting, bending, or otherwise assembling raw metal material

Shipping Container

http://www.businessdictionary.com/definition/shipping-container.html

Standardized re-sealable transportation box for unitized freight handling with standardized equipment

SLS Attitude Control Motor

http://www.nasa.gov/sites/default/files/atoms/files/orion_las_fact_sheet.pdf

Consists of a solid propellant gas generator, with eight proportional valves equally spaced around the outside of the three-foot diameter motor; the valves can exert up to 7,000 pounds of steering force to the vehicle in any direction upon command from the Orion crew module

SLS Booster Separation Motor

https://www.orbitalatk.com/flight-systems/propulsion-systems/bsm/default.aspx

Relatively small rocket motors designed to assist with the separation of the Solid Rocket Boosters (SRB) from the main SLS launch vehicle

SLS Jettison Motor

http://www.nasa.gov/sites/default/files/atoms/files/orion_las_fact_sheet.pdf

Pulls the LAS away from the crew module, allowing Orion's parachutes to deploy and the spacecraft to land in the Pacific Ocean; a separate rocket system utilized in the advent of a Launch Abort procedure

SLS Launch Abort http://www.nasa.gov/sites/default/files/files/orion_las_fact_sheet.pdf

A procedure involving the separation of the Orion MPCV from the SLS delivery system in the event of a launch problem or failure; involves a separate rocket system mounted atop the Orion MPCV that rapidly lifts the MPCV from the larger SLS rocket and brings it a safe distance from the SLS

SLS Solid Rocket Booster

https://www.orbitalatk.com/flight-systems/propulsion-systems/SLS-solid-rocket-boosters/

Solid engine (12 ft. in diameter and 153 ft. in length) with five segments, designed for both crew and cargo missions

SM-2 (Standard Missile 2)

http://www.public.navy.mil/surfor/Pages/Standard-Missile.aspx#.V9q55PkrJ9M

A surface-to-air missile designed to be launched from US Navy ships to either air or sea targets

SM-3 IB (Standard Missile 3 Block IB)

http://navaltoday.com/2016/08/03/raytheon-receives-523m-for-sm-3-block-ib-interceptors/

Missile designed to destroy incoming ballistic missile threats by sheer force of impact; enhanced two-color infrared seeker and upgraded steering and propulsion capability that uses short bursts of precision propulsion to direct the missile toward incoming targets

SM-3 IIA (Standard Missile 3 Block IIA)

http://www.designation-systems.net/dusrm/m-161.html

A class of standard US Navy missiles, in development, designed to destroy incoming ballistic missile threats by sheer force of impact; includes High Divert Kinetic Warhead and an Advanced Discrimination Seeker










24

SM-6 (Standard Missile 6)

http://www.defense.gov/News/Article/Article/712938/dod-strategic-capabilities-office-gives-deployed-military-systems-new-tricks

Surface-to-air air defense system used by the US Navy that launches from cruisers and destroyers and can stop incoming ballistic and cruise missiles at low altitudes in the atmosphere

Small Liquid Rockets

https://www.grc.nasa.gov/www/k-12/rocket/lrockth.html

40 inches and smaller motors with stored fuel and oxidizer pumped into a combustion chamber where they are mixed and burned

Small Machining http://www.efunda.com/processes/machining/machin_intro.cfm

A type of machining that is concerned with parts and projects of limited size

Small Solid Rocket Motors

www.nasa.gov 40 inches and smaller motors casting of multiple motors from a single mix and a relatively limited production rate

Solar Electric Propulsion Systems

https://www.nasa.gov/mission_pages/tdm/sep/index.html

Energized by the electric power from on-board solar arrays, ionized particles propelled by magnets are used to generate thrust

Solid Propellant and Fuels

http://www.thefreedictionary.com/solid+propellant

A rocket propellant in solid form, combining both fuel and oxidizer in the form of a compact, cohesive grain

Solid Rocket Linear Material

https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Linear_elasticity

Linear elasticity is the mathematical study of how solid objects deform and become internally stressed due to prescribed loading conditions; a simplification of the more general nonlinear theory of elasticity and is a branch of continuum mechanics; a nonlinear metamaterial is an artificially constructed material that can exhibit properties not found in nature with response to electromagnetic radiation characterized by its permittivity and material permeability

Solid Rocket Motors, Engines, (and their components)

https://www.grc.nasa.gov/www/k-12/airplane/srockth.html

In a solid rocket, the fuel and oxidizer are mixed together into a solid propellant which is packed into a solid cylinder; used on air-to-air and air-to-ground missiles, on model rockets, and as boosters for satellite launchers

Solid Rocket Propellant Material

http://www.history.nasa.gov/conghand/propelnt.htm

Deliver impulses to the engine to yield operation, include black powder, zinc-sulfur, double-base, and composite propellants among others

Space Launch System (including variant Engines and 5 segment Solid Rocket Motors)

https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Space_Launch_System

Designed by NASA, the Space Launch System (SLS) is the successor vehicle of the space shuttle and will be the most powerful rocket produced thus far; RS-25 motors first stage, Interim Cryogenic Propulsion Stage (ICPS) second stage (utilizing one RL-10B-2 motor); future launches Block 1B-2 and Exploration Upper Stage (EUS) with four RL-10Cs

Spacecraft Propulsion (small liquid propulsion)

http://www.grc.nasa.gov/WWW/K-12/airplane/rocket.html

Involves propelling gas out of the back of a vessel at very high velocity; requires generating a huge amount of thrust needed to exit earth’s atmosphere

SpaceShipOne https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/SpaceShipOne

Experimental air-launched rocket-powered aircraft with suborbital flight capability that uses a hybrid rocket motor

SpaceShipTwo www.virgingalactic.com/human-spaceflight/our-vehicles

Small solid rocket; air-launched suborbital spaceplane type designed for space tourism; polyamide fuel formulation

Specialty Fasteners

A special-purpose hardware device used to mechanically join or affix two or more objects together

Springs http://www.madehow.com/Volume-6/Springs.html

An elastic device used to store mechanical energy that regains its shape after being compressed or extended






25

Spun Metal Domes

http://www.lgspin.com/what-is-metal-spinning/

A metal dome created by the process of metal spinning, wherein a circular sheet of metal is spun at high speeds around a base to create a desired shape

Standards http://www.merriam-webster.com/dictionary/standard

Principles established by authority, custom, or general consent as a model for example, as a rule for the measure of quantity, weight, extent, value, or quality

Star 48 http://www.astronautix.com/s/star48.html

Solid rocket engine (out of production)

Strut http://www.dept.aoe.vt.edu/~mason/Mason_f/MAD980101.pdf

Structural component designed to resist longitudinal compression

STTR Contracts https://sbir.nih.gov/

A funding opportunity in the federal innovation research and development (R&D) arena; requirement for the small business to formally collaborate with a research institution in Phase I and Phase II For additional information please click here.

Sub-tier Contractor

http://www.answers.com/Q/What_is_sub-tier_contractor?#slide=3

A contractor that does a portion of the work of a sub-contractor

SuperDraco www.spacex.com Powered by nitrogen tetroxide and monomethyl hydrazine and capable of producing greater amounts of thrust

Supersonic Retro Propulsion

https://solarsystem.nasa.gov/docs/02_Supersonic%20Retropropulsion%20Technology%20Development%20in%20NASA%27s%20Entry,%20Descent,%20and%20Landing%20Project_K.%20Edquist1.pdf

Uses retro-rockets to increase total drag for additional timeline, higher altitude, and better precision; retro-propulsion at supersonic speed potentially enabling technology for human scale Mars missions

System and/or Subsystem Assembly

https://www.merriam-webster.com/dictionary/assembly

The action of fitting together the component parts of a machine or other object

System Integration (SI)

https://www.techopedia.com/definition/9614/system-integration-si

An IT or engineering process or phase concerned with joining different subsystems or components as one large system; ensures that each integrated subsystem functions as required

Tactical Tomahawk

http://www.navair.navy.mil/index.cfm?fuseaction=home.display&key=F4E98B0F-33F5-413B-9FAE-8B8F7C5F0766

Long range, subsonic cruise missile used for deep land attack warfare, launched from surface ships or submarines at land targets; can be equipped with nuclear warheads

Technology Readiness Level (TRL)

https://www.nasa.gov/directorates/heo/scan/engineering/technology/txt_accordion1.html

A type of measurement system used to assess the maturity level of a particular technology; each project is evaluated against the parameters for each technology level and is then assigned a TRL rating based on the projects progress For additional information please click here.

Test Data http://www.collinsdictionary.com/dictionary/english/test-data

Data that is used specifically to test a computer program

Test Equipment http://what-when-how.com/rocket-motor/test-equipment-rocket-motor/

The testing of electronics and the measurement of equipment, with the help of the right equipment, assists in maintaining the proper function and efficiency of equipment and tools used in the manufacturing sector; ensures that machinery and tools meet certification standards in order for a company to remain in business

https://www.sbir.gov/about/about-sttr#sttr-three-phase-program





https://esto.nasa.gov/files/trl_definitions.pdf


26

Test Stand Design http://www.swri.org/4org/d14/aerospace/propulsion/teststand.htm

The design of a facility used to test and develop machinery or products; contains a system of load cells that enable engineers to measure the thrust the motor produces and verify their predictions

Testing Service http://www.grc.nasa.gov/WWW/retf/textFiles/HAERpdfs/ContextReport.pdf

Analysis (of rocket engines) to resolve design and operational issues; companies who make testing their primary responsibility

THAAD (Thermal High Altitude Area Defense)

https://www.mda.mil/system/thaad.html

Land based element capable of shooting down a ballistic missile both inside and just outside the atmosphere; destroys target via sheer force of impact

Thermal Electric Propulsion Systems

https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Electrically_powered_spacecraft_propulsion#Electrothermal

Devices where electromagnetic fields are used to generate a plasma to increase the temperature of the bulk propellant; the thermal energy imparted to the propellant gas is then converted into kinetic energy by a nozzle of either solid material or magnetic fields; low molecular weight gases (e.g. hydrogen, helium, ammonia) are preferred propellants for this kind of system

Thermal Rockets http://www.yourdictionary.com/thermal-rocket

A rocket that is powered by a thermal source (nuclear-thermal or solar-thermal) or powered by an energy beam such as a laser or microwave beam

Thrust Vector Control (TVC)

http://www.braeunig.us/space/glossary.html

The ability of an aircraft, rocket, or other vehicle to manipulate the direction of the thrust from its engine(s) or motor in order to control the attitude or angular velocity of the vehicle

Tooling http://www.businessdictionary.com/definition/tooling.html

Working or manufacturing aids such as cutting tools, dies, fixtures, gauges, jigs, molds, and patterns of a specialized nature which (unless substantially altered or modified) are limited in use to a specific production line or the performance of a specific contract or job

TOW (Tube launched, Optically tracked, Wire guided)

http://www.raytheon.com/capabilities/products/tow_family/

A long range, anti-tank and assault weapon system of choice for the U.S. Army Stryker, Bradley Fighting Vehicle, ITAS High-Mobility Multipurpose Wheeled Vehicle and Light Armored Vehicle-Anti-tank platforms

Transducers http://whatis.techtarget.com/definition/transducer

A device that converts energy from one form to another

Trident D5 http://www.lockheedmartin.com/us/products/trident-ii-d5-fleet-ballistic-missile--fbm-.html

U.S. Navy submarine-launched fleet ballistic missile; three-stage, solid propellant, inertial guided FBM (Fleet Ballistic Missile) with a range of more than 4,000 nautical miles

Trident D5 - Fairing Eject Motor

http://www.scienpress.com/Upload/JCM/Vol%204_1_15.pdf

A motor that powers the ejection of the Trident II (D5)'s nose fairing system; second-stage motor ignites and burns for ~65 seconds, nose fairing is then jettisoned, separating from the missile; when the nose fairing is cleared of the missile, the third-stage TVC subsystem ignites and ordnance separates the second-stage motor

Trident D5 - Launcher System Motor

https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/UGM-133_Trident_II

A larger motor using an advanced and lighter fuel binder (polyethylene glycol) more commonly known as NEPE-75

Trident D5 - Post Boost Motor


When the third-stage motor reaches the targeted area, the Post Boost Control System (PBCS) ignites and the third-stage motor is ejected; the flight control system responding to guidance re-orientates and enters a high-thrust forward







https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Polyethylene_glycol




27

mode, then when it reaches the proper velocity and attitude enters the Vernier mode to deploy RVs

Trident D5 - Third Stage Eject Motors


A motor that powers the third stage ejection system; the third-stage motor then ignites, pushing the equipment section the remaining distance (~ 40 seconds) of the flight

Trident D5 - Vector Control Motor


A motor that powers the thrust vector control system; within seconds, the missile breaches the surface of the water and the first-stage Thrust Vectoring Control (TVC) subsystem ignites allowing the missile to correct its position prior to first-stage motor ignition

Trusted http://www.dmea.osd.mil/trustedic.html

The confidence in one’s ability to secure national security systems by assessing the integrity of the people and processes used to design, generate, manufacture and distribute national security critical components (i.e. microelectronics)

Tubes http://www.merriam-webster.com/dictionary/tube

A long, hollow, cylinder of metal or other material that is used to hold or transport something, mainly gases or liquids

Tumble Valve http://science.ksc.nasa.gov/shuttle/technology/sts-newsref/sts-mps.html

MPS features that reside in tanks opened during launch to provide angular force which assists in separation maneuvers

Turbopump Engines (large liquid propulsion)

http://science1.nasa.gov/science-news/science-at-nasa/2005/14oct_betterrocket/

A propellant pump with two main components: a rotodynamic pump and a driving gas turbine, usually both mounted on the same shaft, or sometimes geared together; the purpose of a turbopump is to produce a high-pressure fluid for feeding a combustion chamber or other use; a turbopump can comprise one of two types of pumps: a centrifugal pump, or an axial-flow pump

Turbopump Machining

http://science1.nasa.gov/science-news/science-at-nasa/2005/14oct_betterrocket/

Describes machines that transfer energy between a rotor and a fluid, including both turbines and compressors; while a turbine transfers energy from a fluid to a rotor, a compressor transfers energy from a rotor to a fluid

Umbilical http://science.ksc.nasa.gov/shuttle/technology/sts-newsref/sts-mps.html

MPS features that reside in tanks used to connect fluid, gas, signal, and electricity between the tank and the orbiter

Umbilical Plate http://science.ksc.nasa.gov/shuttle/technology/sts-newsref/sts-mps.html

MPS features that reside in tanks help maintain the alignment of the connection between the orbiter and tank

Ullage Pressure Transducers


MPS features that reside in tanks which provide outputs for CRT display and control of ullage pressure within the propellant tanks

Vent and Relief Valve


MPS features that reside in tanks used to relieve excess tank pressure either before or after launch (respectively)

VR-3A Engine http://www.orbitec.com/documents/ORBITEC_Vision_Engine_Press_Release.pdf

Liquid rocket engine used on upper stages of medium- and heavy-class launch vehicles; VR-3A Vision engine is a vortex-cooled, liquid propellant rocket engine

Vulcan - Solid Rocket Motor

https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Vulcan_(rocket)

Replacement to Atlas, still in development. American Blue Engine 4 (BE-4) first stage, Advanced Common Evolved Stage (ACES) second stage; variants with BE-3, RL10 variant, XCOR 8H21 Engines, AR-1 Engines, and GEM63/63XL

Upper Stages (large liquid propulsion)

https://www.nasa.gov/centers/glenn/about/history/centaur.html

Designated for use in high altitude with low or no atmospheric pressure; allows the combustion chambers to operate at lower pressure and reduces the need for complex turbopumps; usually the last stage






28

Valves http://www.merriam-webster.com/dictionary/valve

A device that controls the flow of fluid through a pipe or duct by opening and closing or only allowing fluid to move in one direction

Various Technology Demonstrators

http://www.nasa.gov/offices/oct/crosscutting_capability/tech_demo_missions.html

A vital element in NASA's space technology maturation pipeline; prove feasibility in the environment of space and help advance innovations from concept to flight so that they can be infused into future missions

VAT Photo Polymerization

http://www.lboro.ac.uk/research/amrg/about/the7categoriesofadditivemanufacturing/vatphotopolymerisation

Use of a vat of liquid photopolymer resin, out of which the model is constructed layer by layer; an ultraviolet (UV) light is used to cure or harden the resin while a platform moves the object being made downwards after each layer is cured

Vehicle Propulsion Systems (supporting NASA's Objectives)

www.nasa.gov

Technology area 01 consists of five technology subareas: • 1.1 Solid Rocket Propulsion Systems • 1.2 Liquid Rocket Propulsion Systems • 1.3 Air Breathing Propulsion Systems • 1.4 Ancillary Propulsion Systems • 1.5 Unconventional/Other Propulsion Systems

Wire Harnesses http://rapportinc.com/cable-assembly-vs-wire-harness/

A single cable covered by an exterior sleeve that protects against light damaging forces but is not sufficient for protection against environmental threats such as extreme heat, moisture, or friction

Documents

Term Source (Links) Definition - Census · Term Source (Links) Definition Actuators ... maintenance operations; provided to guide in the process ... Third Stage (BTS)