Terratame2 Flow Testing - invisiblestructures.com · During the testing, flow depth and corresponding flow ... γ = unit weight of water (N/m3), y ... ρ= density of water (kg/m),

Product Statement

As of May 2014, GP-Flex by Tenex has been exclusively branded and sold as Terratame2 by Invisible Structures.

All references to GP-Flex herein shall be considered a reference to and of Terratame2.

Unvegetated Large-Scale Channel Erosion Testing (ASTM D 6460)

of

Tenax Corporation’s GPFlex, Turf Reinforcement Mat

over Loam

FINAL REPORT March 2016

Submitted to: Tenax Corporation

4800 E. Monument Street Baltimore, MD 21205

Attn: Dave Zill,

Industrial Business Unit Mgr E-mail: [email protected]

Submitted by:

TRI/Environmental, Inc. 9063 Bee Caves Road

Austin, TX 78733

C. Joel Sprague

Project Manager

March 31, 2016 Mr. Dave Zill Tenax Corporation 4800 E. Monument Street Baltimore, MD 21205 E-mail: [email protected] Subject: Channel Testing over Loam of GP FLEX, Turf Reinforcement Mat Dear Mr. Zill: This report presents the results for large-scale channel erosion tests performed on GP FLEX, Turf Reinforcement Mat, over Loam. Included are data developed for target hydraulic shears ranging from 0.5 to 3+ psf (30 minute flow durations) for the unvegetated condition. A failure criteria of 0.5-inch average soil loss was used. All testing work was performed in general accordance with the ASTM D 6460, Standard Test Method for Determination of Rolled Erosion Control Product (RECP) Performance in Protecting Earthen Channels from Stormwater-Induced Erosion. Generated results were used to develop the following permissible or limiting shear (τlimit) and limiting velocity (Vlimit) for the tested material:

Product Limiting Shear, τlimit Limiting Velocity, Vlimit GP Flex, Turf Reinforcement Mat

& 3.8 anchor pins/sy 4.62 psf 14.8 ft/sec

TRI is pleased to present this final report. Please feel free to call if we can answer any questions or provide any additional information. Sincerely,

C. Joel Sprague, P.E. Senior Engineer Geosynthetics Services Division Cc: Jay Sprague – TRI

GP FLEX, Turf Reinforcement Mat, over Loam Channel Erosion Testing

March 31, 2016 Page 3

CHANNEL TESTING REPORT

GP FLEX, Turf Reinforcement Mat, over Loam

TESTING EQUIPMENT AND PROCEDURES Overview of Test and Apparatus TRI/Environmental, Inc.'s (TRI's) large-scale channel erosion testing facility is located at the Denver Downs Research Farm in Anderson, SC. The large-scale testing is performed in a rectangular flume having a 10% slope using a loamy soil test section. The concentrated flow is produced by raising gates to allow gravity flow from an adjacent pond. At least four sequential, increasing flows are applied to each test section for 30 minutes each to achieve a range of hydraulic shear stresses in order to define the permissible, or limiting, shear stress, τlimit, which is the shear stress necessary to cause an average of 0.5 inch of soil loss over the entire channel bottom. Testing is performed in accordance with ASTM D 6460. Tables and graphs of shear versus soil loss are generated from the accumulated data. Rolled Erosion Control Product (RECP) The following information and index properties were determined from the supplied product.

Table 1. Tested Product Information & Index Properties Product Information and Index Property / Test Units Sampled Product

Product Identification - GP FLEX Manufacturer - Tenax Corp.

Manufacturing Plant Location - n/a Lot number of sample - n/a

Fiber - 100% Synthetic Extruded Mesh TRM

Netting Openings in (1) Stitching Spacing in (1)

Tensile Strength MD x XD (ASTM D 6818)* lb/in 46.0 x 57.2 Tensile Elongation MD x XD (ASTM D 6818)* % 31.4 x 31.3

Thickness (ASTM D 6525)* mils 582 Light Penetration (ASTM D 6567)* % cover 66.7

Density – Net Only (ASTM D 792, Method A)* g/cm3 1.0± (2 polymers) Mass / Unit Area (ASTM D 6475)* oz/sy 48.1

* Values from Independent Testing of Randomly Sampled Product; n/a = not available; 1. No nettings or stitching in product.



Test Soil The test soil used in the test plots had the following characteristics.

Table 2. TRI-Loam Characteristics

Soil Characteristic Test Method Value

% Gravel

ASTM D 422

0 % Sand 45 % Silt 35 % Clay 20

Liquid Limit, % ASTM D 4318 32 Plasticity Index, % 8 Soil Classification USDA Loam Soil Classification USCS Clayey Sand (SC)

Preparation of the Test Channels Compaction is verified to be 90% (± 3%) of Proctor Standard density using ASTM D 2937 (drive-cylinder method). The test channels undergo a “standard” preparation procedure prior to each test. First, any rills or depressions resulting from previous testing are filled in with test soil. The soil surface is replaced to a depth of 1 inch and groomed to create a channel bottom that is level side-to-side and at a smooth slope top-to-bottom. Finally, a vibrating plate compactor is run over the renewed channel surface. The submitted erosion control product is then installed using the anchors and anchorage pattern directed by the client. Installation of Erosion Control Product in Test Channel As noted, the submitted erosion control product is installed as directed by the client. For the tests reported herein, the erosion control product was anchored using a “diamond” anchorage pattern consisting of 12-inch anchor pins to create an anchorage density of approximately 3.8 anchors per square yard. Specific Test Procedure Immediately prior to testing, the initial soil surface elevation readings are made at predetermined cross-sections. The channel is then exposed to sequential 30-minute (unvegetated condition) or 1-hour (vegetated condition) flows having target hydraulic shear stresses selected to create at least three flow events below and one flow event above the shear stress level that results in a cumulative average soil loss of ½-inch. During the testing, flow depth and corresponding flow measurements are taken at the predetermined cross-section locations. Between flow events, the flow is stopped and soil surface elevation measurements are made to facilitate calculation of soil loss. The flow is then restarted at the next desired flow (shear) level. Pictures of channel flows and resulting soil loss are shown in Figures 6 thru 12.



Figure 1. Flumes Setup (typical)

Figure 2. Flow Velocity Measurement in

Channel (typical)

Figure 3. Channel Flow Depth

Measurement (typical)

Figure 4. TRM Installed (typical)

Figure 5. Typical Low Flow in Channels

Figure 6. Typical Low to Medium

Flow in Channel



Figure 7. Typical Medium Flow in Channel

Figure 8. Typical High Flow in Channel

Figure 9. Ending Condition

Figure 10. Channel 1 After RECP Removed





TEST RESULTS Average soil loss and the associated hydraulic shear calculated from flow and depth measurements made during the testing are the principle data used to determine the performance of the product tested. This data is entered into a spreadsheet that transforms the flow depth and velocity into an hydraulic shear stress and the soil loss measurements into an average Clopper Soil Loss Index (CSLI). A graph of shear versus soil loss for the protected condition is shown in Figure 13. The associated velocities and roughness are plotted in Figures 14 and 15, respectively. The graphs include the best regression line fit to the test data to facilitate a determination of the limiting shear stress, τlimit,, and limiting velocity, Vlimit,. Linear (R2=0.53), power (R2=0.84), and polynomial (R2=0.94) fits were evaluated.

Table 3. Summary Data Table – Protected Test Reach Test #

(Channel # - Shear Level)

Flow depth (in)

Flow velocity

(fps)

Flow (cfs)

Manning’s roughness, n

Max Bed Shear

Stress (psf)

Cumm. CSLI (in)

C1-S1 1.47 2.43 0.59 0.048 0.77 0.02 C1-S2 2.86 6.40 3.05 0.028 1.48 0.05 C1-S3 4.56 9.61 7.31 0.026 2.27 0.11 C1-S4 6.43 11.31 12.11 0.026 3.21 0.18 C1-S5 9.34 14.33 22.31 0.025 4.62 0.40 C2-S1 1.49 2.50 0.62 0.047 0.77 0.01 C2-S2 2.71 7.20 3.26 0.025 1.34 0.05 C2-S3 4.48 9.90 7.39 0.024 2.24 0.08 C2-S4 6.29 11.94 12.51 0.025 3.01 0.13 C2-S5 8.81 13.91 20.42 0.025 4.26 0.49 C3-S1 1.69 2.65 0.75 0.048 0.88 0.01 C3-S2 2.98 6.95 3.46 0.026 1.48 0.04 C3-S3 4.95 10.12 8.35 0.024 2.41 0.10 C3-S4 6.89 13.09 15.03 0.024 3.35 0.19 C3-S5 9.73 14.81 24.02 0.024 4.60 0.51

Using the test procedure and data evaluation technique described herein, the limiting shear stress shown in Table 4 was determined using the following equation:

τ0 = γ/2(y1 + y2)sinΘB + 1/L[γ/2(y12 - y2

2)cosΘB – ρq2(1/y2 – 1/y1)] Where: τ0 = shear stress (Pa), γ = unit weight of water (N/m3), y1 = upstream flow depth* (m), y2 = downstream flow depth* (m),

ΘB = angle of bed slope (degrees), ρ = density of water (kg/m), q = unit discharge (cms/m), and L = length of control volume (m).

*Flow depths measured near the end of the 30 minute test period are used in the calculations.

Table 4. Overall Results

Product Limiting Shear, τlimit Limiting Velocity, Vlimit GP Flex, Turf Reinforcement Mat

& 3.8 anchor pins/sy 4.62 psf 14.8 ft/sec



y = 0.0039x3 + 0.003x2 + 0.0052x + 0.0139R² = 0.9477

0.00

0.10

0.20

0.30

0.40

0.50

0.60

0.70

0.80

0 1 2 3 4 5

Cum

mul

ativ

e S

oil L

oss

(CS

LI),

in

Shear, psf

Limiting Shear via ASTM D 6460 GPFlex + Double Net Straw Blanket; 3.8 Anchors/SY

Channel # 1 Channel # 2 Channel # 3 All Channels Poly. (All Channels)

Limiting Shear = 4.62 psf

Figure 13. Shear Stress vs. Soil Loss – Tested Product

y = 0.0005x3 - 0.0068x2 + 0.0286xR² = 0.9213

0.00

0.10

0.20

0.30

0.40

0.50

0.60

0.70

0.80

0 2 4 6 8 10 12 14 16

Cum

mul

ativ

e S

oil L

oss

(CS

LI),

in

Velocity, ft/sec

Limiting Velocity via ASTM D 6460GPFlex + Double Net Straw Blanket; 3.8 Anchors/SY

Channel # 1 Channel # 2 Channel # 3 All Channels Poly. (All Channels)

Limiting Velocity= 14.8 ft/sec

Figure 14. Velocity vs. Soil Loss – Tested Product



y = 0.046x-0.337

R² = 0.6721

0.010

0.015

0.020

0.025

0.030

0.035

0.040

0.045

0.050

0.00 1.00 2.00 3.00 4.00 5.00 6.00 7.00 8.00 9.00 10.00

Man

ning

's n

Water Depth, in

Manning's n vs. Water DepthGPFlex + Double Net Straw Blanket; 3.8 Anchors/SY

Channel # 1 Channel # 2 Channel # 3 All Channels Power (All Channels)

Figure 15. Flow Depth vs. Manning’s “n” – Tested Product

y = -0.1002x + 196.85 y = -0.1016x + 196.9 y = -0.0991x + 196.89

y = -0.0971x + 197.48 y = -0.1025x + 197.72 y = -0.0968x + 197.61

y = -0.1002x + 198.44 y = -0.0972x + 198.53 y = -0.0865x + 198.51

y = -0.0878x + 199.02 y = -0.0917x + 199.31 y = -0.0898x + 199.77

y = -0.084x + 199.53 y = -0.0784x + 199.88 y = -0.0779x + 200.6

190

191

192

193

194

195

196

197

198

199

200

201

0 2 4 6 8 10 12 14 16 18 20

Ele

vatio

n R

elat

ive

to B

ench

mar

k, ft

X-Section (ft along test reach)

Energy Grade Lines - All Shear LevelsGPFlex + Double Net Straw Blanket; 3.8 Anchors/SY

Shear Level 4

Shear Level 3

Shear Level 2

Shear Level 1

Shear Level 5

Channel 1 Channel 2 Channel 3

Figure 16. Energy Grade Lines – All Channels, All Shears – Tested Product



Figure 17. Shear Stress vs. Soil Loss – Soil Only

CONCLUSIONS Rectangular channel (flume) tests were performed in accordance with ASTM D 6460 using Loam soil protected with an RECP. Testing in a rectangular (vertical wall) channel was conducted to achieve increasing shear levels in an attempt to cause at least 0.5-inch of soil loss. Figure 13 shows the maximum bottom shear stress and associated soil loss from each flow event. Figure 14 presents the velocity versus soil loss. Figure 15 relates channel liner roughness (Manning’s “n”) to flow depth. Together, this data provides a quantitative estimate of the performance characteristics of the tested RECP. The data in Figure 16 and 17, the calculated energy grade lines for each channel and shear level and the soil-only shear stress vs. soil loss relationship, are included to provide a reference for the reported test results.

y = 16.269x2 + 5.4657x R² = 0.9953

0.00

0.10

0.20

0.30

0.40

0.50

0.60

0.70

0.80

0.90

1.00

0.00 0.05 0.10 0.15 0.20 0.25

Cum

mul

ativ

e S

oil L

oss

(CS

LI),

in

Shear, psf

Limiting Shear via ASTM D 6460 Soil-only Control Test

Control Test - 1% Flume Poly. (Control Test - 1% Flume)

Limiting Shear = 0.075 psf


March 31, 2016 Appendix

APPENDIX A – RECORDED DATA

Test Record Sheets

Date: 3/11/16 RECP: Lot #:

Slope: 10% Start Time: 9:14 AM Channel # Shear # Start Time: 10:08 AM Channel # Shear # Start Time: 11:03 AM Channel # Shear # Start Time: 1:18 PM Channel # Shear # Start Time: 2:17 PM Channel # Shear #

Width: 2 End Time: 9:44 AM 1 1 End Time: 10:38 AM 1 2 End Time: 11:33 AM 1 3 End Time: 1:38 PM 1 4 End Time: 2:47 PM 1 5

#DIV/0! #DIV/0! #DIV/0! #DIV/0! #DIV/0!

To original Surface Elev, cm 71.6 72.0 72.0 Avg. Avg. Avg. Avg. Avg.

To eroded Surface Elev, cm 71.6 72.0 72.0 71.9 71.7 72.0 72.0 71.9 71.9 72.0 72.0 72.0 72.0 72.0 72.1 72.0 72.5 72.8 73.0 72.8

Loss/Gain, sq.in./in. width 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 -0.04 0.00 0.00 -0.01 -0.12 0.00 0.00 -0.04 -0.16 0.00 -0.04 -0.07 -0.35 -0.31 -0.39 -0.30

CSLI, sq.in./in. width 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 -0.04 0.00 0.00 -0.01 -0.12 0.00 0.00 -0.04 -0.16 0.00 -0.04 -0.07 -0.35 -0.31 -0.39 -0.30

Velocity, ft/s 2.3 2.3 6.2 6.2 9.5 9.5 10.9 10.9 13.6 13.6

Distance to Water Surface, cm 68.2 68.2 64.5 64.5 60.0 60.0 55.5 55.5 48.8 48.8

Flow, cfs Depth, in Flow, cfs Depth, in Flow, cfs Depth, in Flow, cfs Depth, in Flow, cfs Depth, in

0.55 1.44 3.01 2.91 7.46 4.71 11.83 6.51 21.39 9.44



Loss/Gain, sq.in./in. width 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 -0.04 0.00 0.00 -0.01 -0.08 0.00 -0.08 -0.05 -0.31 -0.08 -0.08 -0.14 -0.63 -0.31 -0.39 -0.39

CSLI, sq.in./in. width 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 -0.04 0.00 0.00 -0.01 -0.08 0.00 -0.08 -0.05 -0.31 -0.08 -0.08 -0.14 -0.63 -0.31 -0.39 -0.39

Velocity, ft/s 2.3 2.3 6.2 6.2 9.5 9.5 11.0 11.0 13.7 13.7



0.56 1.47 3.00 2.90 7.33 4.63 11.93 6.51 21.72 9.51



Loss/Gain, sq.in./in. width 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 -0.04 -0.04 0.00 -0.02 -0.04 -0.04 -0.04 -0.03 -0.12 -0.04 -0.04 -0.06 -0.35 -0.24 -0.39 -0.29

CSLI, sq.in./in. width 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 -0.04 -0.04 0.00 -0.02 -0.04 -0.04 -0.04 -0.03 -0.12 -0.04 -0.04 -0.06 -0.35 -0.24 -0.39 -0.29

Velocity, ft/s 2.3 2.3 6.3 6.3 9.6 9.6 11.0 11.0 14.2 14.2



0.59 1.55 3.02 2.87 7.52 4.70 11.98 6.54 22.24 9.40



Loss/Gain, sq.in./in. width 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 -0.08 0.00 -0.08 -0.05 -0.12 0.00 -0.08 -0.07 -0.16 -0.04 -0.16 -0.11 -0.39 -0.39 -0.39 -0.33

CSLI, sq.in./in. width 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 -0.08 0.00 -0.08 -0.05 -0.12 0.00 -0.08 -0.07 -0.16 -0.04 -0.16 -0.11 -0.39 -0.39 -0.39 -0.33

Velocity, ft/s 2.4 2.4 6.3 6.3 9.6 9.6 11.1 11.1 14.3 14.3



0.60 1.50 2.99 2.85 7.54 4.71 11.94 6.46 22.24 9.33



Loss/Gain, sq.in./in. width -0.04 0.00 -0.04 -0.03 -0.08 -0.04 -0.04 -0.05 -0.16 -0.08 -0.20 -0.13 -0.20 -0.08 -0.31 -0.18 -0.59 -0.43 -0.71 -0.51

CSLI, sq.in./in. width -0.04 0.00 -0.04 -0.03 -0.08 -0.04 -0.04 -0.05 -0.16 -0.08 -0.20 -0.13 -0.20 -0.08 -0.31 -0.18 -0.59 -0.43 -0.71 -0.51

Velocity, ft/s 2.5 2.5 6.4 6.4 9.7 9.7 11.2 11.2 14.3 14.3



0.63 1.52 3.04 2.85 7.43 4.59 12.05 6.46 22.30 9.36



Loss/Gain, sq.in./in. width 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 -0.04 0.00 0.00 -0.01 -0.08 -0.08 -0.04 -0.05 -0.20 -0.08 -0.04 -0.09 -0.39 -0.16 -0.20 -0.22

CSLI, sq.in./in. width 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 -0.04 0.00 0.00 -0.01 -0.08 -0.08 -0.04 -0.05 -0.20 -0.08 -0.04 -0.09 -0.39 -0.16 -0.20 -0.22

Velocity, ft/s 2.5 2.5 6.4 6.4 9.6 9.6 11.3 11.3 14.4 14.4



0.61 1.46 3.04 2.85 7.16 4.48 11.99 6.36 22.24 9.27



Loss/Gain, sq.in./in. width 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 -0.04 -0.08 -0.03 -0.08 -0.08 -0.12 -0.08 -0.12 -0.12 -0.12 -0.10 -0.31 -0.20 -0.24 -0.22

CSLI, sq.in./in. width 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 -0.04 -0.08 -0.03 -0.08 -0.08 -0.12 -0.08 -0.12 -0.12 -0.12 -0.10 -0.31 -0.20 -0.24 -0.22

Velocity, ft/s 2.4 2.4 6.4 6.4 9.6 9.6 11.5 11.5 14.5 14.5



0.58 1.46 3.07 2.87 7.20 4.50 12.22 6.38 22.39 9.27



Loss/Gain, sq.in./in. width 0.00 -0.04 -0.16 -0.06 -0.04 -0.08 -0.16 -0.08 -0.04 -0.08 -0.28 -0.12 -0.16 -0.12 -0.35 -0.19 -0.39 -0.39 -0.55 -0.38

CSLI, sq.in./in. width 0.00 -0.04 -0.16 -0.06 -0.04 -0.08 -0.16 -0.08 -0.04 -0.08 -0.28 -0.12 -0.16 -0.12 -0.35 -0.19 -0.39 -0.39 -0.55 -0.38

Velocity, ft/s 2.5 2.5 6.5 6.5 9.6 9.6 11.5 11.5 14.5 14.5



0.60 1.44 3.13 2.89 7.08 4.42 12.25 6.39 22.49 9.30



Loss/Gain, sq.in./in. width 0.00 -0.04 -0.04 -0.02 0.00 -0.20 -0.12 -0.07 -0.08 -0.39 -0.28 -0.18 -0.16 -0.39 -0.55 -0.30 -0.59 -0.71 -0.79 -0.58

CSLI, sq.in./in. width 0.00 -0.04 -0.04 -0.02 0.00 -0.20 -0.12 -0.07 -0.08 -0.39 -0.28 -0.18 -0.16 -0.39 -0.55 -0.30 -0.59 -0.71 -0.79 -0.58

Velocity, ft/s 2.5 2.5 6.5 6.5 9.6 9.6 11.6 11.6 14.7 14.7



0.60 1.44 3.06 2.82 7.14 4.46 12.43 6.43 22.92 9.36



Loss/Gain, sq.in./in. width 0.00 0.00 -0.28 -0.09 -0.04 -0.12 -0.31 -0.14 -0.16 -0.16 -0.59 -0.28 -0.24 -0.16 -0.87 -0.39 -0.59 -0.59 -0.98 -0.62

CSLI, sq.in./in. width 0.00 0.00 -0.28 -0.09 -0.04 -0.12 -0.31 -0.14 -0.16 -0.16 -0.59 -0.28 -0.24 -0.16 -0.87 -0.39 -0.59 -0.59 -0.98 -0.62

Velocity, ft/s 2.5 2.5 6.6 6.6 9.7 9.7 11.6 11.6 14.7 14.7



0.63 1.52 3.13 2.85 7.26 4.49 12.25 6.34 22.73 9.28



Loss/Gain, sq.in./in. width 0.00 -0.08 -0.04 -0.03 -0.08 -0.08 -0.16 -0.09 -0.16 -0.12 -0.20 -0.14 -0.35 -0.35 -0.39 -0.31 -0.75 -0.71 -0.91 -0.67

CSLI, sq.in./in. width 0.00 -0.08 -0.04 -0.03 -0.08 -0.08 -0.16 -0.09 -0.16 -0.12 -0.20 -0.14 -0.35 -0.35 -0.39 -0.31 -0.75 -0.71 -0.91 -0.67

Velocity, ft/s 2.5 2.5 6.6 6.6 9.7 9.7 11.7 11.7 14.8 14.8



0.57 1.38 3.10 2.82 7.26 4.49 12.31 6.31 22.72 9.21Calculations

10

Calculations

11

7

Calculations

8

Calculations

9

Calculations

Calculations

4

Calculations

5

Calculations

6

Calculations

2

Calculations

3

1

Calculations

Cross-Section Measurements Measured Volumetric Flow, cfs: Measured Volumetric Flow, cfs: Measured Volumetric Flow, cfs: Measured Volumetric Flow, cfs: Measured Volumetric Flow, cfs:

GP Flex w/ Double Net Straw Blanket Anchorage: 3.8/ Sq. Yd.




1.35 1.35 1.35 1.35 1.35



Soil Loss / Gain, in 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 -0.04 -0.04 0.00 -0.02 -0.04 -0.08 -0.12 -0.07 -0.04 -0.08 -0.24 -0.10 -0.51 -0.51 -0.55 -0.44

CSLI, in 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 -0.04 -0.04 0.00 -0.02 -0.04 -0.08 -0.12 -0.07 -0.04 -0.08 -0.24 -0.10 -0.51 -0.51 -0.55 -0.44

Velocity, ft/s 2.6 2.6 7.8 7.8 9.8 9.8 11.6 11.6 13.5 13.5



0.68 1.56 3.60 2.77 7.50 4.59 12.38 6.40 20.11 8.94



Soil Loss / Gain, in 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 -0.12 -0.04 -0.03 0.00 -0.20 -0.04 -0.05 -0.16 -0.51 -0.28 -0.23 -0.67 -0.59 -0.67 -0.54

CSLI, in 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 -0.12 -0.04 -0.03 0.00 -0.20 -0.04 -0.05 -0.16 -0.51 -0.28 -0.23 -0.67 -0.59 -0.67 -0.54

Velocity, ft/s 2.5 2.5 7.4 7.4 9.8 9.8 11.7 11.7 13.6 13.6



0.62 1.50 3.42 2.77 7.52 4.61 12.51 6.42 20.20 8.91



Soil Loss / Gain, in 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 -0.04 -0.08 -0.04 -0.04 -0.08 -0.08 -0.12 -0.08 -0.08 -0.12 -0.20 -0.11 -0.51 -0.51 -0.51 -0.43

CSLI, in 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 -0.04 -0.08 -0.04 -0.04 -0.08 -0.08 -0.12 -0.08 -0.08 -0.12 -0.20 -0.11 -0.51 -0.51 -0.51 -0.43

Velocity, ft/s 2.7 2.7 6.8 6.8 9.8 9.8 11.8 11.8 13.7 13.7



0.65 1.44 3.17 2.80 7.20 4.41 12.47 6.34 20.47 8.96



Soil Loss / Gain, in -0.08 -0.04 -0.04 -0.05 -0.08 -0.12 -0.04 -0.06 -0.12 -0.12 -0.16 -0.11 -0.12 -0.12 -0.16 -0.11 -0.51 -0.43 -0.67 -0.47

CSLI, in -0.08 -0.04 -0.04 -0.05 -0.08 -0.12 -0.04 -0.06 -0.12 -0.12 -0.16 -0.11 -0.12 -0.12 -0.16 -0.11 -0.51 -0.43 -0.67 -0.47

Velocity, ft/s 2.3 2.3 7.0 7.0 9.8 9.8 11.9 11.9 13.7 13.7



0.55 1.44 3.28 2.81 7.31 4.48 12.55 6.33 20.32 8.90



Soil Loss / Gain, in 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 -0.12 -0.04 0.00 -0.05 -0.12 -0.04 -0.04 -0.06 -0.16 -0.04 -0.12 -0.10 -0.35 -0.59 -0.63 -0.43

CSLI, in 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 -0.12 -0.04 0.00 -0.05 -0.12 -0.04 -0.04 -0.06 -0.16 -0.04 -0.12 -0.10 -0.35 -0.59 -0.63 -0.43

Velocity, ft/s 2.8 2.8 6.8 6.8 9.9 9.9 11.9 11.9 13.8 13.8



0.73 1.56 3.12 2.76 7.36 4.46 12.44 6.27 20.28 8.82



Soil Loss / Gain, in 0.00 -0.04 0.00 -0.01 -0.04 -0.08 -0.04 -0.04 -0.04 -0.20 -0.16 -0.10 -0.24 -0.28 -0.16 -0.18 -0.47 -0.59 -0.79 -0.52

CSLI, in 0.00 -0.04 0.00 -0.01 -0.04 -0.08 -0.04 -0.04 -0.04 -0.20 -0.16 -0.10 -0.24 -0.28 -0.16 -0.18 -0.47 -0.59 -0.79 -0.52

Velocity, ft/s 2.3 2.3 7.4 7.4 10.0 10.0 12.0 12.0 13.9 13.9



0.57 1.48 3.38 2.74 7.39 4.44 12.60 6.30 20.34 8.78



Soil Loss / Gain, in 0.00 -0.04 -0.04 -0.02 -0.04 -0.04 -0.12 -0.06 -0.08 -0.12 -0.16 -0.10 -0.20 -0.12 -0.16 -0.14 -0.51 -0.39 -0.59 -0.43

CSLI, in 0.00 -0.04 -0.04 -0.02 -0.04 -0.04 -0.12 -0.06 -0.08 -0.12 -0.16 -0.10 -0.20 -0.12 -0.16 -0.14 -0.51 -0.39 -0.59 -0.43

Velocity, ft/s 2.4 2.4 7.0 7.0 9.9 9.9 12.0 12.0 14.0 14.0



0.61 1.54 3.22 2.76 7.30 4.42 12.62 6.31 20.49 8.78



Soil Loss / Gain, in 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 -0.04 -0.01 0.00 -0.04 -0.08 -0.03 0.00 -0.04 -0.08 -0.03 -0.43 -0.35 -0.63 -0.41

CSLI, in 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 -0.04 -0.01 0.00 -0.04 -0.08 -0.03 0.00 -0.04 -0.08 -0.03 -0.43 -0.35 -0.63 -0.41

Velocity, ft/s 2.7 2.7 7.2 7.2 9.9 9.9 12.0 12.0 14.1 14.1



0.63 1.39 3.06 2.55 7.49 4.54 12.47 6.23 20.48 8.71



Soil Loss / Gain, in 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 -0.12 -0.04 -0.04 -0.06 -0.16 -0.04 -0.08 -0.09 -0.16 -0.04 -0.08 -0.09 -0.55 -0.43 -0.75 -0.51

CSLI, in 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 -0.12 -0.04 -0.04 -0.06 -0.16 -0.04 -0.08 -0.09 -0.16 -0.04 -0.08 -0.09 -0.55 -0.43 -0.75 -0.51

Velocity, ft/s 2.5 2.5 7.0 7.0 9.9 9.9 12.1 12.1 14.2 14.2



0.63 1.51 3.08 2.64 7.51 4.55 12.76 6.33 20.50 8.66



Soil Loss / Gain, in 0.00 -0.04 -0.04 -0.02 -0.12 -0.12 -0.12 -0.10 -0.12 -0.16 -0.12 -0.10 -0.20 -0.20 -0.12 -0.14 -0.71 -0.47 -0.71 -0.55

CSLI, in 0.00 -0.04 -0.04 -0.02 -0.12 -0.12 -0.12 -0.10 -0.12 -0.16 -0.12 -0.10 -0.20 -0.20 -0.12 -0.14 -0.71 -0.47 -0.71 -0.55

Velocity, ft/s 2.6 2.6 7.4 7.4 10.0 10.0 12.1 12.1 14.2 14.2



0.67 1.54 3.42 2.77 7.20 4.32 12.36 6.13 20.72 8.75



Soil Loss / Gain, in 0.00 -0.04 -0.08 -0.03 -0.04 -0.08 -0.16 -0.08 -0.08 -0.12 -0.16 -0.10 -0.08 -0.20 -0.43 -0.20 -0.71 -0.63 -0.83 -0.62

CSLI, in 0.00 -0.04 -0.08 -0.03 -0.04 -0.08 -0.16 -0.08 -0.08 -0.12 -0.16 -0.10 -0.08 -0.20 -0.43 -0.20 -0.71 -0.63 -0.83 -0.62

Velocity, ft/s 2.1 2.1 7.4 7.4 10.1 10.1 12.2 12.2 14.3 14.3



0.49 1.39 3.09 2.51 7.44 4.42 12.43 6.12 20.71 8.69

GP Flex w/ Double Net Straw Blanket Anchorage: Unvegetated

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1.42 4.02 5.42 22.71 #DIV/0!



Soil Loss / Gain, in 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 -0.12 -0.04 0.00 -0.05 -0.20 -0.04 -0.04 -0.09 -0.20 -0.04 -0.04 -0.09 -0.47 -0.16 -0.24 -0.26

CSLI, in 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 -0.12 -0.04 0.00 -0.05 -0.20 -0.04 -0.04 -0.09 -0.20 -0.04 -0.04 -0.09 -0.47 -0.16 -0.24 -0.26

Velocity, ft/s 2.4 2.4 6.8 6.8 9.6 9.6 12.8 12.8 14.2 14.2



0.70 1.76 3.39 2.99 8.00 5.00 14.87 6.97 23.48 9.92



Soil Loss / Gain, in 0.00 -0.08 0.00 -0.01 0.00 -0.08 -0.20 -0.08 -0.04 -0.24 -0.24 -0.13 -0.16 -0.31 -0.39 -0.24 -0.51 -0.59 -0.75 -0.52

CSLI, in 0.00 -0.08 0.00 -0.01 0.00 -0.08 -0.20 -0.08 -0.04 -0.24 -0.24 -0.13 -0.16 -0.31 -0.39 -0.24 -0.51 -0.59 -0.75 -0.52

Velocity, ft/s 2.5 2.5 6.8 6.8 9.7 9.7 12.8 12.8 14.3 14.3



0.67 1.61 3.47 3.06 8.25 5.10 15.34 7.19 23.55 9.88



Soil Loss / Gain, in -0.04 0.00 0.00 -0.01 -0.04 0.00 -0.04 -0.03 -0.20 0.00 -0.04 -0.08 -0.20 -0.08 -0.20 -0.14 -0.55 -0.51 -0.47 -0.43

CSLI, in -0.04 0.00 0.00 -0.01 -0.04 0.00 -0.04 -0.03 -0.20 0.00 -0.04 -0.08 -0.20 -0.08 -0.20 -0.14 -0.55 -0.51 -0.47 -0.43

Velocity, ft/s 2.5 2.5 6.8 6.8 9.9 9.9 12.9 12.9 14.6 14.6



0.71 1.69 3.54 3.12 8.42 5.10 14.95 6.96 23.73 9.75



Soil Loss / Gain, in 0.00 0.00 -0.04 -0.01 0.00 0.00 -0.04 -0.01 -0.04 0.00 -0.24 -0.09 -0.12 -0.12 -0.43 -0.20 -0.47 -0.67 -0.63 -0.48

CSLI, in 0.00 0.00 -0.04 -0.01 0.00 0.00 -0.04 -0.01 -0.04 0.00 -0.24 -0.09 -0.12 -0.12 -0.43 -0.20 -0.47 -0.67 -0.63 -0.48

Velocity, ft/s 2.6 2.6 6.8 6.8 10.0 10.0 13.1 13.1 14.7 14.7



0.72 1.67 3.41 3.01 8.22 4.93 14.93 6.84 24.11 9.84



Soil Loss / Gain, in 0.00 0.00 -0.04 -0.01 -0.20 -0.08 -0.08 -0.10 -0.31 -0.16 -0.24 -0.21 -0.39 -0.55 -0.35 -0.34 -0.79 -0.91 -1.02 -0.75

CSLI, in 0.00 0.00 -0.04 -0.01 -0.20 -0.08 -0.08 -0.10 -0.31 -0.16 -0.24 -0.21 -0.39 -0.55 -0.35 -0.34 -0.79 -0.91 -1.02 -0.75

Velocity, ft/s 2.7 2.7 6.9 6.9 10.0 10.0 13.0 13.0 14.8 14.8



0.81 1.81 3.61 3.14 8.44 5.07 14.98 6.92 23.95 9.71



Soil Loss / Gain, in -0.04 -0.08 0.00 -0.03 -0.04 -0.08 0.00 -0.03 -0.04 -0.12 0.00 -0.03 -0.12 -0.12 -0.16 -0.11 -0.63 -0.51 -0.63 -0.51

CSLI, in -0.04 -0.08 0.00 -0.03 -0.04 -0.08 0.00 -0.03 -0.04 -0.12 0.00 -0.03 -0.12 -0.12 -0.16 -0.11 -0.63 -0.51 -0.63 -0.51

Velocity, ft/s 2.6 2.6 7.0 7.0 10.1 10.1 13.1 13.1 14.8 14.8



0.70 1.61 3.35 2.87 8.17 4.86 15.07 6.90 24.28 9.84



Soil Loss / Gain, in -0.04 0.00 0.00 -0.01 -0.04 0.00 0.00 -0.01 -0.04 -0.04 -0.04 -0.03 -0.08 -0.04 -0.12 -0.07 -0.35 -0.51 -0.71 -0.44

CSLI, in -0.04 0.00 0.00 -0.01 -0.04 0.00 0.00 -0.01 -0.04 -0.04 -0.04 -0.03 -0.08 -0.04 -0.12 -0.07 -0.35 -0.51 -0.71 -0.44

Velocity, ft/s 2.7 2.7 7.0 7.0 10.2 10.2 13.1 13.1 14.9 14.9



0.79 1.75 3.55 3.04 8.23 4.84 14.96 6.85 23.99 9.66



Soil Loss / Gain, in 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 -0.08 -0.04 -0.04 -0.05 -0.08 -0.04 -0.04 -0.05 -0.16 -0.08 -0.20 -0.13 -0.51 -0.59 -0.55 -0.45

CSLI, in 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 -0.08 -0.04 -0.04 -0.05 -0.08 -0.04 -0.04 -0.05 -0.16 -0.08 -0.20 -0.13 -0.51 -0.59 -0.55 -0.45

Velocity, ft/s 2.8 2.8 7.0 7.0 10.3 10.3 13.2 13.2 14.9 14.9



0.77 1.65 3.37 2.89 8.40 4.90 14.87 6.76 23.66 9.53



Soil Loss / Gain, in 0.00 0.00 -0.04 -0.01 -0.08 -0.12 -0.08 -0.07 -0.20 -0.20 -0.31 -0.20 -0.24 -0.28 -0.55 -0.31 -0.79 -0.75 -0.98 -0.72

CSLI, in 0.00 0.00 -0.04 -0.01 -0.08 -0.12 -0.08 -0.07 -0.20 -0.20 -0.31 -0.20 -0.24 -0.28 -0.55 -0.31 -0.79 -0.75 -0.98 -0.72

Velocity, ft/s 2.8 2.8 7.1 7.1 10.4 10.4 13.3 13.3 15.0 15.0



0.81 1.75 3.60 3.04 8.67 5.00 15.27 6.89 24.34 9.74



Soil Loss / Gain, in -0.04 0.00 0.00 -0.01 -0.04 0.00 0.00 -0.01 -0.16 -0.12 -0.12 -0.11 -0.20 -0.12 -0.43 -0.23 -0.71 -0.43 -0.71 -0.54

CSLI, in -0.04 0.00 0.00 -0.01 -0.04 0.00 0.00 -0.01 -0.16 -0.12 -0.12 -0.11 -0.20 -0.12 -0.43 -0.23 -0.71 -0.43 -0.71 -0.54

Velocity, ft/s 2.8 2.8 7.1 7.1 10.5 10.5 13.3 13.3 15.2 15.2



0.82 1.76 3.48 2.94 8.66 4.95 14.89 6.72 24.44 9.65



Soil Loss / Gain, in -0.12 0.00 0.00 -0.04 -0.12 0.00 -0.04 -0.05 -0.16 -0.04 -0.08 -0.09 -0.20 -0.12 -0.20 -0.15 -0.55 -0.47 -0.71 -0.50

CSLI, in -0.12 0.00 0.00 -0.04 -0.12 0.00 -0.04 -0.05 -0.16 -0.04 -0.08 -0.09 -0.20 -0.12 -0.20 -0.15 -0.55 -0.47 -0.71 -0.50

Velocity, ft/s 2.8 2.8 7.2 7.2 10.6 10.6 13.4 13.4 15.5 15.5



0.70 1.50 3.28 2.73 8.37 4.74 15.15 6.78 24.68 9.55

GP Flex w/ Double Net Straw Blanket Anchorage: 3.8 / Sq. Yd. Unvegetated


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APPENDIX B – TEST SOIL

Test Soil Grain Size Distribution Curve

Compaction Curves

Veneer Soil Compaction Verification

November 8, 2013

Corporate Laboratory: 9063 Bee Caves Road, Austin, TX 78733 / 800-880-TEST / 512-263-2101 / [email protected] Downs Research Facility: 4915 Clemson Blvd., Anderson, SC 29621 / 864-242-2220 / [email protected]

0

10

20

30

40

50

60

70

80

90

100

0.00010.0010.010.1110100

PercentFiner

Particle Size (mm)

DDRF ASTM D 6460 Blended Test Soil

ASTM D 6460 Target Loam Range

Plasticity (ASTM D 4318)Liquid Limit: 31Plastic Limit: 24Plastic Index: 7

Soil classifies as a clayey sand (SC)in accordance with ASTM D 2487

The testing herein is based upon accepted industry practice as well as the test method listed. Test results reported herein do not applyto samples other than those tested. TRI neither accepts responsibility for nor makes claim as to the final use and purpose of the material.TRI observes and maintains client confidentiality. TRI limits reproduction of this report, except in full, without prior approval of TRI.

9063 Bee Caves Road ��$XVWLQ��7;��7(67

James Sprague, 11/08/13

Tested by: J.E.Sprague

80

85

90

95

100

105

110

115

120

10 15 20 25 30 35 40 45 50

DryDensity(pcf)

Moisture Content (%)

Proctor Compaction Test

2.80

2.60

2.70

Project: DDRF

Sample No.: SLOPE COMPOSITE

Test Date: NOVEMBER 8, 2013

Test Method: ASTM D 698 - Method A

Maximum Dry Density (pcf): 99.2

Optimum Moisture Content (%): 19.5

Location: Date: 11/8/2013

Drive Cylinder: Dia., mm = 98 Length, mm = 127 Volume, ft3= 0.034

Tube # 1 2 3 4 5 6Wt. of Wet Soil + Mold (g) 2285.0 2262.0 2257.0 2249.0 2267.0 2270.0

Wt. of Mold (g) 615.0 615.0 615.0 615.0 615.0 615.0Wt. of Wet Soil (g) 1670.0 1647.0 1642.0 1634.0 1652.0 1655.0

Tare Number B T MWt. of Tare (g) 14.2 14.2 14.2 14.2 14.2 14.2

Wt. of Wet Soil + Tare (g) 24.5 24.3 26.5 25.3 22.5 23.9Wt. of Dry Soil + Tare (g) 22.8 22.7 24.6 23.5 21.1 22.5

Water Content, w (%) 19.396 18.588 18.252 19.334 20.260 16.847

:HW�GHQVLW\��ܵwet = W' / Vh (lb/ft3) = 108.73 107.24 106.91 106.39 107.56 107.76

'U\�GHQVLW\��ܵdry� �ܵwet / [1 + w] (lb/ft3) = 91.07 90.43 90.41 89.15 89.44 92.22

Max Std. Proctor Dry density (lb/ft3) = 98.60 98.60 98.60 98.60 98.60 98.60Opt. Moisture (%) = 19.80 19.80 19.80 19.80 19.80 19.80

Compaction as % of Std. Proctor = 92.4% 91.7% 91.7% 90.4% 90.7% 93.5%Avg Compaction as % of Std. Proctor =

The testing herein is based upon accepted industry practice as well as the test method listed. Test results reported herein do not applyto samples other than those tested. TRI neither accepts responsibility for nor makes claim as to the final use and purpose of the material.TRI observes and maintains client confidentiality. TRI limits reproduction of this report, except in full, without prior approval of TRI.

9063 Bee Caves Road ��$XVWLQ��7;��7(67

James Sprague, 11/8/13

Quality Review/Date

Tested by: J.E. Sprague

Compaction WorksheetASTM D 2937

DDRF CHANNELS

Compaction

Moisture Content

91.7%



APPENDIX C – ANCHOR PATTERN

Documents

Terratame2 Flow Testing - invisiblestructures.com · During the testing, flow depth and corresponding flow ... γ = unit weight of water (N/m3), y ... ρ= density of water (kg/m),