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C. Niebuhr Vorlesung 10
DESY-Zeuthen
AMANDA (Antarctic Muon And Neutrino Detector Array)- observe high-energy (~ 1 TeV ) neutrinos from astro physical point sources- dark matter search- gamma ray bursts
APEmille:- APEmille is a versatile massive-parallel processor optimised for heavy duty numerical applications and scalable from 4 GigaFlops to 1 TeraFlops.- QCD calculations on the lattice → "theoretical" understanding of confinement?
... among many other activities:
C. Niebuhr Vorlesung 10
DESY’s Future: TESLA
There is unanimous agreement within the worldwide particle physics community that the next large accelerator to be built is a linear e
+
e
-
collider which will complement the physics program carried out at the Large Hadron Collider (LHC at CERN)
•
for example read recommendation from the U.S. HEPAP panel (Oct �01):
"We recommend that the highest priority of the U.S. program be a high-energy, high luminosity, elec-tron-positron linear collider, wherever it is built in the world. This facility is the next major step in the field and should be designed, built and operated as a fully international effort."
•
DESY has a very well advanced proposal for such a machine based on superconducting cavities at DESY: TESLA (TeV Energy Superconducting Linear Accelerator)
•
however there is worldwide competition from several labs around the world which are based on alternative technologies:
-
U.S. NLC (Next Linear Collider)
-
Japan JLC (Japanese Linear Collider)
-
CERN CLIC (Compact Linear Collider, probably only the overnext step)
•
there is also agreement that due to the complexity and amount of money imvolved only one such machine will be built in the world
C. Niebuhr Vorlesung 10
TESLA Physics Case
TESLA offers unique possibilities for precision studies of
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the Higgs mechanism
-
Supersymmetry
-
the Standard Model: electroweak precision measurements,
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W and top properties measurements, QCD, etc.
-
and for the search for the unexpected.
The great experimental precision is a probe for new physics and allows predictions on an energy scale well beyond the reach of the accelerator.
Super Symmetry
Higgs Signal
Higgs Branching Ratios
Higgs-Couplings
ProductionTop-
C. Niebuhr Vorlesung 10
Project Overview
Superconducting Linear Collider with an Centre-of-Mass-Energgy Ecm=500-800 GeV with an Integrated Super Brilliant X-ray Free Electron Laser Facility
Technical Data- electron-positron collision energy 500 GeV (expandable to 800 GeV)- # of superconducting resonators: 20000- operating temperature of resonators -271 C - required alignment precision 0.5 mm- installed load 195 MVA- wavelength of X-ray radiation 5 to 0.05 nm
- luminosity 3.4 1034 cm-2s-1
C. Niebuhr Vorlesung 10
TESLA Technology
One of the key elements of TESLA are the superconducting cavities which have to have sufficient quality to reach 25 MV/m neccessary for 500 GeV.
Limitations of superconducting cavities are
•
Intrinsic Limitation:
-
Critical magnetic field of niobium
⇒
E
acc, max
= 50 - 55 MV/m
•
Technical Limitations:
-
Normalconducting defects due to inclusions
⇒
very clean, defect-free niobium
-
Field emission
⇒
no particle contamination on the niobium surface
After many years of R&D it is already possible to reach the >40 MV/m needed for 800 GeV after very special treatment of single cell cavities. Fabrication techniques:
-
electron beam welding
-
hydro forming
-
spinning
C. Niebuhr Vorlesung 10
XFEL and SASE
Characteristics of light:• pulse duration: 100 femto sec• wavelength: 1Å=0.1 nm• lateral coherence
C. Niebuhr Vorlesung 10
Applications for XFEL
Examples for questions from very different fields of science that will be addressed at such an XFELCan we ...
• take pictures of single macro-molecules?• see the dynamical behaviour of the electrons as they form
chemical bonds?• make a movie of a chemical reaction?• make realtime studies of the
formation of condensed matter?• make a movie of fast switching in
magnetic storage devices?• follow a viral infection in a cell at
high resolution?
C. Niebuhr Vorlesung 10
TESLA Test Facility
• TTF has already been in operation for ≈9000 h providing a very sound system- test of all essential components
• the free-electron SASE principle has been demonstrated at wavelengths of 80-180 nm.
C. Niebuhr Vorlesung 10
Outreach
DESY EXPO 2000
Automobil Forum Unter den LindenBerlin-Mitte