Test Report: Dust Fallout & Metals Monitoring Q1 of 2019€¦ · residential limit of 600mg/m2/day during Q1 2019: ... alert thresholds are shown in Table 3.2. Table 3.1: Evaluation

Argos Scientific

365 Business Park

Paarden Eiland, Cape Town, 7405

Test Report: Dust Fallout & Metals Monitoring

Q1 of 2019

Prepared for

Saldanha Bay Municipality

AQO344

Test dates: January - March 2019

SALDANHA BAY MUNICIPALITY

AQ0344 Dust Fallout Monitoring, Q1 2019

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EXECUTIVE SUMMARY

This report covers data from the Saldanha Bay Municipality’s Dust Fallout & Metals

study for the period January - March 2019 (Q1).

Dust fallout sampling was conducted at seven (7) sites in the Saldanha Bay Municipal

area, collected monthly.

There was valid data for seven (7) of the seven (7) samples collected monthly.

There was one exceedance of the South African National Dust Control Regulations

residential limit of 600mg/m2/day during Q1 2019:

• SBM 07 (866 mg/m2/day) – March 2019.

There were no exceedances of the South African National Dust Control Regulations

non-residential limit of 1200mg/m2/day during Q1 2019.

1.1 Heavy Metal analysis

Results for lead were evaluated against US EPA Federal Register (40 CFR Part 745:

Lead; identification of dangerous levels of lead; Final Rule).

This regulation establishes:

“hazard standards for residential dust and soil lead. As stated in Unit II.F.3. Today’s rule

establishes two hazard standards for bare residential soil; 400ppm for play grounds and an

average of 1200ppm for the rest of the yard.”

This represents a cautionary approach in order to estimate worst-case scenarios as

these EPA standards are intended for exposure assessment for the general public to

lead contaminated soils.



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Lead levels (for Q1) for the “rest of the yard” (1200ppm) and “playground areas” hazard

standards were exceeded at:

• SBM 05 (2748ppm) – January 2019

• SBM 06 (1333ppm) – January 2019

• SBM 05 (1543ppm) – March 2019

and exceeded the “playground areas” hazard standard (400ppm) only at:

• SBM 06 (637ppm) – March 2019

Meteorological conditions at the Saldanha Bay Site for Q1 of 2019 (March) were

dominated by moderate to strong winds from the south westerly direction.



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REPORT DETAILS

REFERENCE AQ0344/2019Q1

REPORT TITLE Dust Fallout Monitoring, Q1

DATE SUBMITTED 12 July 2019

CLIENT René Toesie

Saldanha Bay Municipality

Pick and Pay Centre

VREDENBURG

E-mail: [email protected]

PREPARED BY: Delmé Winnaar

SIGNED DTW

APPROVER

G Ravenscroft Signed:

STATUS Final

NOTICE

mailto:[email protected]



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TABLE OF CONTENTS

Description Page

1 INTRODUCTION 7

1.1 Scope of Work 7

2 METHODOLOGY 8

2.1 Sample Location 8

2.2 Dust fallout 10

3 GUIDELINES AND AIR QUALITY STANDARDS 11

3.1 Dust fallout 11

4 RESULTS 13

4.1 Dust fallout results 13

4.2 Heavy metal results 14

4.3 Average Dust fallout concentration – Q1 2019 15

4.4 Average heavy metals concentrations – Q1 2019 16

4.5 Wind Roses for Saldanha Bay Municipality 21

5 CONSULTANT’S OBSERVATIONS and CONCLUSIONS 22

5.1 Dust fallout 22

5.2 Heavy Metal analysis 22



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ABBREVIATIONS

BDL Below Detection Limit DEAT Department of Environment Affairs and Tourism EPA See US EPA ℓ/min Litres per minute m.s-1 Metres per second m3 Cubic metres Max Maximum mg/m3 milligrams per cubic metre Min Minimum PM10 Particulate matter of aerodynamic diameter less than 10mm ppm Parts per million SABS South African Bureau of Standards SW South West US EPA United States Environmental Protection Agency VOCs Volatile Organic Compounds WHO

World Health Organisation



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2 INTRODUCTION

Argos Scientific was contracted by Saldanha Bay Municipality to perform dust fallout

monitoring and heavy metals (Iron, lead, zinc, manganese and copper) measurements

at various sites in the Saldanha Bay Municipal Area

A dust fallout and metals contamination impact assessment will be performed using this

data.

2.1 Scope of Work

Argos Scientific’s understanding of the scope of work is as follows:

• To measure dust fallout rates at seven (7) sampling points for 12 months.

• Monthly collection of samples for duration of 12 months.

• Monthly sample analysis as follows: Seven (7) gravimetric samples per month.

• Elemental sample analysis as follows: Iron, lead, zinc and copper.

• Monthly results to client in electronic format.

• Data interpretation and reporting will be submitted electronically.



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3 METHODOLOGY

3.1 Sample Location

Dust fallout sampling was conducted the following seven sites:

Vredenburg

Electricity Dept.:

SBM-06

32° 54’ 27.2” S 17° 59’ 13.7” E

Vredenburg

Reservoir: SBM-05 32° 54’ 56.1” S 17° 59’ 12.9” E

Juffroushoogte:

SBM07 32° 56’ 13.8” S 18° 04’ 33.6” E

Airport: SBM-01 32° 57’ 34.5” S 17° 58’ 12.5” E

Saldanha AQM

Station: SBM-02 33° 00’ 41.0” S 17° 56’ 18.5” E

Blue Water Bay:

SBM-04 32° 59’ 43.8” S 17° 58’ 24.7” E

Curro School:

SBM-03 33° 02’ 16.2” S 18° 02’ 59.9” E

Sites selected had to be:

• Along the prevailing wind vector for the area.

• Distributed evenly within the Saldanha Bay Municipality Area and near areas of

possible contamination.



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Figure 2.1.1: Location of dust fallout samplers for Saldanha Bay Municipality



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3.2 Dust fallout

Dust fallout samplers were deployed in January 2015 and samples are collected on a

monthly basis. Distilled water was added to minimise sample loss, particularly during

high wind speed episodes. Each series of samples were analysed at an SANS 17025

accredited facility.

Total insoluble dust fallout was determined in accordance with ASTM D 1739 or

demonstrable equivalent, a requirement in terms of the SA National Standards (SANS

1929:2005 - Edition 1.1).



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4 GUIDELINES AND AIR QUALITY STANDARDS

4.1 Dust fallout

In terms of the Government Gazette Volume 476, No. 27318, the South African Air

Quality Act 39 of 2004 was promulgated on 24 April 2005. The South African National

Dust Control Regulations describes the proposed guidelines for dust fallout, an extract

of which is discussed briefly below.

A standard for the acceptable dustfall rate is set out in Table 3.1. The target, action and

alert thresholds are shown in Table 3.2.

Table 3.1: Evaluation criteria for Dust Fallout

Restriction

Areas

Dust fall rate (D)

mg/m2/day

(30-day average)

Comment

Residential D < 600 Permissible for residential and light commercial

Non-

Residential 600 < D < 1200 Permissible for heavy commercial and industrial

For heavy commercial and industrial regions, the new guidelines state that monthly

average dust fallout concentrations below 1200mg/m2/day “are permissible”. For

residential regions, monthly average dust fallout concentrations not exceeding

600mg/m2/day “are permissible”.

Table 3.2: Acceptable Dust Fall Rates

Restriction Areas

Dust fallout rate (D)

mg/m2/day

(30-day average)

Averaging

period

Permitted frequency of exceeding dust fall

rate

residential D<600 30 days 2 within a year, not sequential months

Non-residential 600<D<1200 30 days 2 within a year, not sequential months



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The target annual average dust fallout concentration is 300mg/m2/day. This is an

ultimate goal set to achieve “ongoing improvement”, even in areas where compliance

with all other guidelines can be demonstrated. The monthly average “action level” for

residential regions is 600mg/m2/day and for industrial regions 1200mg/m2/day.

Exceptions are granted where elevated concentrations arise on a regional scale from

adverse meteorological conditions. Background dust monitoring sites can be used to

identify and monitor impacts of such exceptions. Access to historical and current

meteorological information, particularly wind conditions, can be used to distinguish

between “adverse” and “normal” meteorological conditions.



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4 RESULTS

4.1 Dust fallout results

Table 4.1 Dust fallout results for Q1 2019

Sampling Site

Dust Fall rate (mg/m2/day)

Jan Feb Mar

SBM-01 275 304 418

SBM-02 57 36 20

SBM-03 68 85 154

SBM-04 44 153 40

SBM-05 49 35 25

SBM-06 100 69 45

SBM-07 59 99 866



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4.2 Heavy metal results

Table 4.2 Heavy Metals results for Q1 2019

Sampling Site

Lead (ppm) Copper (ppm) Iron (ppm) Zinc (ppm) Manganese (ppm)

Jan Feb Mar Jan Feb Mar Jan Feb Mar Jan Feb Mar Jan Feb Mar

SBM-01

41 29 20 2950 104 71 2950 3649 2685 202 348 265 150 214 279

SBM-02

174 99 208 7475 446 1667 20183 20297 36806 299 495 1111 523 594 1389

SBM-03

84 21 18 7148 312 110 14506 8316 5152 189 229 110 652 416 166

SBM-04

192 23 176 4792 357 386 25240 23006 49180 256 380 492 958 610 2529

SBM-05

2748 364 1543 9052 676 1543 32004 29636 80000 1131 624 3086 5819 2392 10286

SBM-06

1333 256 637 6099 307 701 18440 28109 50955 426 639 1943 2553 1763 5732

SBM-07

194 89 8 9435 178 180 41129 55324 3280 266 286 722 15484 6960 722

SSALDANHA BAY MUNICIPALITY


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4.3 Average Dust fallout concentration – Q1 2019

0

200

400

600

800

1000

1200

1400

Jan-19 Feb-19 Mar-19

Co

nce

ntr

atio

n (m

g/m

2/d

ay)

Figure 4.3.1: Average daily dust fallout concentrations at the Saldanha Bay Municipality sites for Q1 (January 2019 - March 2019)

SBM-01 SBM-02

SBM-03 SBM-04

SBM-05 SBM-06

SBM-07 National Dust Control Regulations residential limit

National Dust Control Regulations non-residential limit

National Dust Control Regulations - Non Residential Limit

National Dust Control Regulations - ResidentialLimit



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4.4 Average heavy metals concentrations – Q1 2019

LEAD

0

500

1000

1500

2000

2500

3000


Co

nce

ntr

atio

n (p

pm

)Figure 4.4.1: Average lead concentrations at the Saldanha Bay Municipality

sites for Q1 (January 2019 - March 2019)

SBM-01 SBM-02 SBM-03 SBM-04 SBM-05 SBM-06 SBM-07



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COPPER

0

1000

2000

3000

4000

5000

6000

7000

8000

9000

10000


Co

nce

ntr

atio

n (p

pm

)

Figure 4.4.2 Average Copper concentrations at the Saldanha Bay Municipality sites for Q1 (January 2019 - March 2019)




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IRON

0

10000

20000

30000

40000

50000

60000

70000

80000

90000


Co

nce

ntr

atio

n (p

pm

)

Figure 4.4.3: Average Iron concentrations at the Saldanha Bay Municipality sites for Q1 (January 2019 - March 2019)




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ZINC

0

500

1000

1500

2000

2500

3000

3500


Co

nce

ntr

atio

n (p

pm

)

Figure 4.4.4: Average Zinc concentrations at the Saldanha Bay Municipality sites for Q1 (January 2019 - March 2019)




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MANGANESE

0

2000

4000

6000

8000

10000

12000

14000

16000

18000


Co

nce

ntr

atio

n (p

pm

)

Figure 4.4.5: Average Manganese concentrations at the Saldanha Bay Municipality sites for Q1 (January 2019 - March 2019)




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4.5 Wind Roses for Saldanha Bay Municipality

The wind roses for Saldanha Bay Area for January to March 2019 are shown below.

No meteorological data was available for January & February 2019



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5 CONSULTANT’S OBSERVATIONS AND CONCLUSIONS

5.1 Dust fallout

Dust fallout sampling was conducted at seven (7) sites in the Saldanha Bay Municipal

area, collected monthly.

There was valid data for seven (7) of the seven (7) samples collected monthly.

There was one exceedance of the South African National Dust Control Regulations

residential limit of 600mg/m2/day during Q1 2019:

• SBM 07 (866 mg/m2/day) – March 2019.

There were no exceedances of the South African National Dust Control Regulations

non-residential limit of 1200mg/m2/day during Q1 2019

5.2 Heavy Metal analysis

Results for lead were evaluated against US EPA Federal Register (40 CFR Part 745:

Lead; identification of dangerous levels of lead; Final Rule).

This regulation establishes:

“hazard standards for residential dust and soil lead. As stated in Unit II.F.3. Today’s rule

establishes two hazard standards for bare residential soil; 400ppm for play grounds and an

average of 1200ppm for the rest of the yard.”

This represents a cautionary approach to estimate worst-case scenarios as these EPA

standards are intended for exposure assessment for the general public to lead

contaminated soils.



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Lead levels (for Q1) for the “rest of the yard” (1200ppm) and “playground areas” hazard

standards were exceeded at:

• SBM 05 (2748ppm) – January 2019

• SBM 06 (1333ppm) – January 2019

• SBM 05 (1543ppm) – March 2019

And exceeded the “playground areas” hazard standard (400ppm) only at:

• SBM 06 (637ppm) – March 2019

Meteorological conditions at the Saldanha Bay Site for Q1 of 2019 (March) were

dominated by moderate to strong winds from the south westerly direction.

Documents

Test Report: Dust Fallout & Metals Monitoring Q1 of 2019€¦ · residential limit of 600mg/m2/day during Q1 2019: ... alert thresholds are shown in Table 3.2. Table 3.1: Evaluation