Test Review QuestionsChapter 2

True or False?

__________ Money is a “need”.

__________ First Nations and Inuit societies believe that people and nature are separate and have nothing to do with one another.

__________ First Nations and Inuit believe that people are part of a natural system that includes the land, water, plants, and animals.

False

False

True

True or False?

__________ For First Nations and Inuit peoples, natural resources are seen as a source of life.

__________ First Nations and Inuit peoples believe that all natural resources must be treated with respect.

__________ Beginning about 1500, Europeans began arriving in North America.

True

True

True

True or False?

__________ When the First Nations of the Maritimes first met Europeans, they weren’t curious about the newcomers at all.

__________ At the time of contact, Europeans needed the help that the First Nations initially offered to them.

__________ First Nations economies changed because of the fur trade.

False

True

True

1. The man purpose of an economic system is to answer three questions. What are they?

1. What sorts of things to people need and want?

2. How can we make these things?

3. How will we get them to the people?

2. Explain the difference between needs and wants.

Needs are the things that a person needs in order to survive.

Wants are things that we would like to have but are not necessary for our survival.

3. Provide two examples each of things that you need and want.

Need Want

Oxygen

Water

Food

Money

iPod

Car

4. Define the term “Aboriginal”.

The term Aboriginal means living in a land from the earliest times or the first peoples of a region.

5. Name the three groups of Aboriginal peoples that are recognized by the Constitution of Canada.

Name of Group Who Are They?

1. The Inuit First peoples north of the tree line (where it is too cold for trees

to grow).

5. Name the three groups of Aboriginal peoples that are recognized by the Constitution of Canada.

Name of Group Who Are They?

2. First Nations First peoples of the rest of the land that

is now Canada.

5. Name the three groups of Aboriginal peoples that are recognized by the Constitution of Canada.

Name of Group Who Are They?

3. The Métis The children of either First Nations or Inuit women and

European men.

6. Define the term “Natural Resources”

Natural Resources are naturally occurring materials that can be used by man.

7. Name two (2) natural resources that can currently be found in New Brunswick.

Natural resources that can currently be found in New Brunswick include:

Forests Fishing Hunting Minerals & Petroleum

8. In the past, First Nations depended on two things for survival. What were they?

In the past, First Nations depended on the

land and natural resources for survival.

9. What were First Nation economies based on?

First Nation economies were based on the natural resources available in the region or area.

10. In the past, how did First Nations communities make the goods that they required?

In the past, the goods that the First Nations and Inuit needed in their lives were made by hand, mostly using stone and bone tools.

11. In most First Nations communities, whose responsibility was it to produce

the basic necessities of life?

In most First Nations and Inuit communities, everyone helped with production, and shared equally in what was produced.

12. Define “Private Ownership”.

Private ownership is the idea that one person has complete control over an area

of land.

13. In the past, how did these terms relate

to one another: “First Nations” and “Private Ownership”?

The notion of private ownership did not exist for First Nations and Inuit communities.

To them, thinking that someone could own the land was like thinking that someone could own the air.

14. Name 2 reasons why Europeans left their homelands.

Some Europeans wanted more land.

Some Europeans believed that their religions and culture should be spread around the world.

Individual Europeans were looking for economic opportunities.

14. Name 2 reasons why Europeans left their homelands.

Europeans were looking for natural resources to sell back in Europe.

Ex: Fish, timber, furs.

15. In the past, how did these terms relate

to one another: “Europeans” and “Private Ownership”?

The notion of private ownership was very important in European cultures.

Many European families came to North America in search of land to call their own.

16. Until the 1700’s, how did Europeans produce things?

Until the 1700’s, Europeans used basic tools to make things by hand.

They had some tools that were made out of metal that made work a little easier.

17. What does the term “Contact” refer to?

Contact refers to the time when Europeans first came to North America.

18. What led to the beginning of the fur trade?

As First Nations and Europeans got to know one another, they realized that there were good economic opportunities.

Newcomers were very interested in getting furs, and First Nation peoples were interested in trade goods such as metal knives and pots.

18. What led to the beginning of the fur trade?

This was the beginning of the fur trade.

19. First Nations economies changed because of the fur trade. Explain the cycle that developed as a result of the fur trade.

First Nations hunted for furs so that they could get trade goods, and they needed trade goods because they spent the majority of their time out hunting for furs.

20. Explain why the economic system created by the fur trade could not go on forever.

Eventually, the animal population in an area would become so low that people couldn’t get the furs that they needed to trade for the things that they needed.

(con’t)

20. Explain why the economic system created by the fur trade could not go on forever.

Once this happened, the European traders would then move further west where there were still plenty of fur-bearing

animals.

21. When Europeans settled in the Maritimes, several changes took place. Explain two (2) of the effects of European settlement.

1. As forests were cut down and lands were fenced for farming and ranching, there were fewer areas that were good for hunting.

21. When Europeans settled in the Maritimes, several changes took place. Explain two (2) of the effects of European settlement.

2. As roads and towns were built, First Nations found that the newcomers were taking over rivers, lakes, and oceanfront areas that provided essential food sources.