Texas HistoryReview for Final Exam

2015

The Missouri Compromise

• Federal statute in the U.S. in 1820

• Prohibited slavery in unorganized territories

• Permitted Slavery in Missouri and the Arkansas Territory

The Kansas Nebraska Act

• 1854, created territories in Kansas and Nebraska

• Repealed the Missouri Comp. of 1820

• Allowed male settlers to vote whether or not the new territories would allow slavery

Define:

• Repeal- to officially make a law invalid, or no longer valid.

• Popular Sovereignty- the right of people living in a new territory to vote whether or not to allow slavery.

• Secession- the act of separating from a nation or state and becoming independent.

Why were most Texans upset with Sam Houston’s vote against the Kansas Nebraska Act?

•Most Texans wanted slavery to be allowed in the new territories to make the south stronger.

When did the Civil War begin and end?

•April 12, 1861-April 9, 1865

•4 years

Texans in the Civil War

• About 70,000 fought with the Confederate Army

• About 2,000 fought for the Union Army

• A healthy male slave was more expensive than a female, an acre of farmland, or a diamond ring.

What caused the Dust Bowl?

•Over farming

•Draught

•The Great Depression

What is Dust Pneumonia?

•Illness or death caused by inhaling particles of dust or dirt.

What is Primary Source Material?

•Historical information or material gathered at the time of an event in history recorded by someone who was there.

How did over farming contribute to the Dust Bowl?

•More dirt became exposed because tractors and other farm machines made it possible to plow huge areas of land. When no rain came the dust was unsettled. When wind came the top soil created huge clouds of dirt.

The Texas Oil Boom

• People have NOT always known that oil was valuable.

• Farmers thought it was a mess.

• Spanish sailors used it to fix holes in their boats.

• People used it to light their lamps

Oil, cont.

• Nickname for oil: Black Gold

• Pattillo Higgins dreamed of striking it rich in TX Oil.

• He purchased Spindletop Hill and built a town around it.

• Anthony Lucas hit the largest reserve of oil the world had ever seen.

• An oil derrick is an oil tower.

• The population in TX increased dramatically.

• When the oil slowed many people and businesses left.

• Natural gas was harvested and used as a CLEAN burning fuel.

Oil, cont.

• A Boom Town is a rapidly growing oil town.

• Problems such as crime, disease, and the lack of clean drinking water were major concerns in the 1930s in Boom Towns.

• Oil workers made good $$$ but they were also expected to work VERY hard.

• There were also many risks involved: injury, fumes.

• A “wild catter” refers to a risk taker who drills for oil in areas not known to be oil fields.

World War II

• September 1, 1939- September 2, 1945

• Germany, Italy and Japan were the AXIS POWERS

• Great Britain, France, The Soviet Union, and the U.S.A. were the ALLIED POWERS

• About 750,000 Texans fought in WWII.

• About 12,000 were women!!!

• About 22,000 Texans died in the war.

WWII, cont.

• Adolf Hitler Fuhrer, of Germany

• Leader of the Nazi Party

• The Allied Powers finally won after a devastating war.

• Hitler died in an underground bunker, hiding from air attacks.

• WWII helped the TX and US economies.

• Cotton, cattle, oil

How can we establish equality?

• Avoid stereotypes

• Learn about each other

• Treat people fairly

• Fight discrimination

• Look beyond the obvious

• TAKE A CLOSER LOOK!!