Text and ImageSession 02 & 03

Subject : L0182 / Web & Animation Design

Year : 2009

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Learning Outcomes

At the end of this session, the students will be able to :• Show how to use Text and Image on multimedia

application• Edit Text and Image using Adobe Photoshop CS3 tools

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Course Outlines

• Definition• Fonts effects• Bitmap and Vector Images• Advantages and Disadvantages of Using Text and Images• What is Photoshop• Workspace• Tools Palette• Option Bar• Create a New Image• Open an Image• Image Resolution and Resizing• Image Transform

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Text

• Text is the form of words, sentences and paragraphs is used to communicate thoughts, ideas and facts in nearly every aspect of our lives.

• Text elements :– Alphabet characters : A - Z– Numbers : 0 - 9– Special characters : Punctuation [. , ; ‘ …] , Sign or Symbols [* &

^ % $ £ ! /\ ~ # @ .…]

• Multimedia products depends on text for many things :– To explain how the multimedia products work– To guide the user in navigating through the multimedia products– To deliver the information for which the multimedia products was

designed

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Typefaces and Fonts

• Typefaces : a family of graphics characters that usually includes may type sizes and styles.

• Fonts : a collection of characters of a single size and style belonging to a particular typeface family.

Ascender : an upstroke on a character Descender : the down stroke below the baseline of a character Leading : spacing above and below a font or Line spacing Tracking : spacing between characters Kerning : space between pairs of characters, usually as an

overlap for improvement appearance

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Tracking, Kerning, and Leading

AvUnkerned

vAKerned

Reading Line OneReading Line One

Reading Line OneReading Line OneLeading

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Fonts Effects• A numbers of effects that are useful for bringing viewer’s attention to

content :– Case : UPPER and lower letter

– Bold, Italic, Underline, superscript or subscript

– Embossed Embossed or ShadowShadow

– CCoolloouurrss

• Font Anatomy

I D xhpBaseline

Serif

Shoulder

Counter

Mean line

Ascender

DescenderSet

width

X-height

Cap height

Point size

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• Advantages– Is relatively inexpensive to produce– Present abstract ideas effectively– Clarifies other media– Provides confidentiality– Is easily changed or updated

• Disadvantages– Is less memorable than other visual media– Requires more attention from the user than other media– Can be cumbersome

Advantages and Disadvantages of Using Text

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• Image is a visual representation of some information that can be displayed on a computer screen or printed out.

• Images come in a variety of forms :– Photographs– Paintings– Maps, etc.

Image

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• Images can be generally divided into two formats :– Bitmap or Raster images– Draw-type or Vector graphics or Metafile images

• A bitmap is a data matrix that describes the characteristics of all the pixels making up an image.

• A vector graphics is the creation of digital images through a sequence of commands or mathematical statements that place lines and shapes in a given two-dimensional or three-dimensional space.

Image Types

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Bitmap Images

• Each pixel in the image contains information about the color to be displayed. Each pixel can be in a specific colour and each pixel consists of two or more colours.

• The range of these colours is known as the colour depth. Colour depth is measured in bits per pixel.

• More colour per pixel bigger image size• Bitmap images have a fixed resolution and cannot be

resized without losing image quality. • Common bitmap-based formats are JPEG, GIF, TIFF,

PNG, PICT, and BMP.

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Bitmaps images

Original imageOriginal image

Shown Shown magnifiedmagnified

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Colour Depth• 1 bit per pixel = 2 colours

(monochrome)• 2 bits per pixel = 4 colours• 4 bits per pixel = 16 colours• 8 bits per pixel = 256 colours

– Generally good enough for colour images

• 16 bits per pixel = 65536 colours– Better quality for photograph-

like images, also known as high colour

• 24 bits per pixel =>16 million possible colours– Used to recreate photo

realistic images, also known as true colour

• Width of the images measured in pixels

• Height of the images measured in pixels

• Colour depth is the number of bits used for color measured in bits per pixel

• Remember:

– 1024 bytes = 1 kilobyte (KB)

– 1024 kilobytes = 1 megabyte (MB)

8bytesinsize

depthcolourheightwidth

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Advantages and Disadvantages of Using Bitmap Images

• Advantages– Convey detail of information quickly– Real life

• Disadvantages– Depend on a Resolution– Effect to the image quality – Size file is big

True Colour (24 bits)8 bits4 bits1 bit

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Vector Images• Vector images are stored as the set of graphic primitives

required to represent the image• A graphic primitive is a simple graphic based on drawing

elements or objects such as shape and consists of a set of commands (mathematical equations)– e.g. square, line, ellipse, arc, etc.

• Each primitive object has various attributes that go to make up the entire image– e.g. x-y location, fill colour, line colour, line style, etc.

• Vector image or vector graphics can be resized without losing the integrity of the original image.

• Common bitmap-based formats are WMF, SVG, CGM, PS, PDF, DFX, and EPF.

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Scaling Vector Images

Original imageOriginal image

V e c t o rg r a p h i c s

ShownShownmagnifiedmagnified

V e c t o rg r a p h i c s

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Advantages and Disadvantages of Using Vector Images

• Advantages– Relatively small amount of data required to represent the image.– Therefore, it does not required a lot of memory to store– Easier to manipulate

• Disadvantages– Limited level of detail than can be presented in an image

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Bitmap and Vector Images

Vector Images

Bitmap Images

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Advantages and Disadvantages of Using Images

• Advantages– Convey a lot of information quickly– Add visual simulation and colour– Can communicate across language borders– Enhance other media

• Disadvantages– Do not provide in-depth explanations

• Graphics rarely suffice to convey a whole message in business, technical or safety settings

– Can be misinterpreted• Graphics should be used carefully to make sure the message is not

ambiguous or cryptic

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Photoshop

• Adobe Photoshop is a professional image editing software package that can be used by experts and novices alike.

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Workspace

• The Adobe Photoshop CS3 workspace is arranged to help you focus on creating and editing images.

• The workspace includes menus and a variety of tools and palettes for viewing, editing, and adding elements to your images.

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Workspace (cont..)

Default Photoshop workspace :

A. Document window

B. Dock of panels collapsed tob icons

C. Panel title bar

D. Menu bar

E. Options bar

F. Tools palette

G. Collapse To Icons button

H. Three palette (panel) groups

in vertical dock

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Tools Palette

• The tools are grouped into four categories :– Selection : use these tools to select objects.– Creative : Use these tools to draw objects and retouch photos.– Vector : Use these tools to work with vectors.– Navigation and Information : Use these tools tot view the page

and gather information.

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How to Use a Tool

• If there is a small triangle at a tool’s lower right corner, hold down the mouse button to view the hidden tools. Then click the tool you want to select.

• Using the selecting tools

A. Tools palette

B. Active tool

C. Hidden tools

D. Tool name

E. Tool shortcut

F. Hidden tool triangle

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Option Bar

• Option bar displays options for the active (selected) tool.

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Create a New Image

• Choose File > New

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Open an Image

• Choose File > Open• Browse the file you

want to open• Click open

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Image Resolution & Resizing

• Choose Image > Image Size• Change the width & height

value to resize the image.• Change the resolution value

to change the image resolution.

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Image Transform

• Image transform :– Scale– Rotate– Skew– Distort– Perspective– Warp

• Step :– Select the image you want to transform– Go to edit > transform– Choose the transform method you want to apply

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Rotate

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Warp