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Thailand: The Saraburi Dairy Farming Project. Background. Began in 1984 to encourage dairy farming among women in Muek Lek land area in the Saraburi Province in Central Thailand - PowerPoint PPT Presentation
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Thailand:The Saraburi Dairy Farming
Project•
Background
• Began in 1984 to encourage dairy farming among women in Muek Lek land area in the Saraburi Province in Central Thailand
• Result of cooperation between the Svita Foundation, the Bangkok Bank, the Thai Institute of Scientific Research and the Saraburi provincial administration.
Activity Profile
• Muek Lek Region Crop Profile– 82% Maize (Production)– 17% Mungbean and Soybean
(Production)– 1% Rice (Family consumption)– Average Net Income of 10, 000 Bt
($270.00)
Activity FA MA FC MC WhenPrepare land for crop
X March/August
Plant crop X X X X April/Aug
Weed field X April/Aug
Harvest X X X X July, Nov
Raising and Selling Eggs and Pigs
X Daily
Activity Profile: Production
Activity Profile: ReproductionActivity FA MA FC MC WhenFinances X Daily (busiest
after harvest)
Cleaning X Daily
Food Preparation
X Daily
Laundry X Daily
Childcare X x Daily
Animal Care
X Daily
Household repairs
X When needed
Access and Control Profile: Resources
Resources M Access F Access M Control
F Control
Land X X XEquipment X XLabor - Production X XLabor - Reproduction
X X X
Capital X X X XEducation/Training X X X X
Access and Control Profile: Benefits
Benefits M Access
F Access
M Control
F Control
Income X X X
In-Kind Goods
X X X
Education X X X XPolitical Power
X X
Assets Ownership
X X X
Analysis of FactorsInfluencing Access and Control
• Economic Conditions: Average Family Income: 10,000 Bt ($270.00)
• Poor but not impoverished area• Families could borrow money at a 20%
interest rate which, although steep, helped many make it through times of drought
Analysis of Factors:
• Thai government appeared to support increased milk production within the country– Limited dairy imports– Forced dairy companies to purchase
10 units of local milk for every unit of imported powder
–
Analysis of Factors
• Demand for milk:– Between 1972-1982, the demand for
milk grew 25% every year.– In 1983, production of milk lagged
behind production.
Summary of Muek Lek Prior to Dairy Project
• Women and men share the productive and reproductive labor
• Men have more control of resources and benefits
• The majority of farmers are poor• The demand for milk is high and
the government supports local production.
The Project Cycle Analysis Women’s Role in Project Identification
Women's Needs – Increased production without travel
time– Increased control if the cows and
income belonged to the women– A project that can be streamlined to
the current product demands of the surrounding area.
The Project Cycle Analysis Women’s Role in Project Identification
Women’s Needs - In Saraburi, women and men were
consulted at the preliminary stages of project planning.
The Project Cycle Analysis Women’s Role in Project Identification
Defining General Project Objectives- The project objectives were explicitly related to and adequately reflect women’s needs
Increased Access: cows do not need to graze so they will be near home.Increased Control: Women will be in
control of production and, hopefully, profit.
The Project Cycle Analysis Women’s Role in Project Identification
• Defining General Objectives– A a number of local women
participated in setting objectives.– Earlier efforts to get dairy production
off of the ground in Thailand did not involve a women’s initiative.
The Project Cycle Analysis
Women’s Role in Project Identification• Defining General Objectives
– Lessons from earlier programs:• In 1960’s – Thai/Danish dairy project
began and by 1980’s was experiencing some difficulties
• Low yields from cross-bred cows/Lack of infrastructure
• New project would include imported cows that would produce a higher yield.
The Project Cycle Analysis
Women’s Role in Project Identification• Possible Negative Effects
– The only negative effects could be a women borrowing from the bank to buy a cow and then encounter difficulty in raising it.
– In the study, one women’s cow died but she was able to recover financially by purchasing another one and making a profit.
The Project Cycle AnalysisWomen’s Dimension in Project Design
• Project Impact on Women’s Activities– The project affects production and, in turn,
reproduction.– The project does not plan to change the
women’s locus of activity.– This is not a missed opportunity for
women’s role development because of how the local women respond to the increased income.
The Project Cycle AnalysisWomen’s Dimension in Project Design
• Impact on Women’s Access and Control– Women will have access and control of their
cows (resources)– This does not necessarily mean that the women
will control the benefits.
The Project Cycle AnalysisWomen’s Dimension in Project Design
Implementation
• Personnel– The project is sufficiently aware of and
sympathetic to women’s needs.– Women are involved at every level of
project implementation.– Training: 71% of those trained were
women
–
The Project Cycle AnalysisWomen’s Dimension in Project Design
Implementation
• Organizational Structures– The organizational form does
enhance women’s access to resources • Money• Cows • Supplementary Materials
The Project Cycle AnalysisWomen’s Dimension in Project Design
Implementation
• Organizational Structures– The organization does have the power to to
obtain resources needed by women from other organizations.
• The Thai government is backing the project and is invested in its outcome.
• There is the financial capability to help the women through the transition process.
The Project Cycle AnalysisWomen’s Dimension in Project Design
Implementation• Operations and Logistics:
– Delivery channels are accessible to women.
– The feed mill is in the village and is operated by the dairy farmers.
– There are NOT mechanisms in place to make sure that the project resources and benefits are not usurped by males. (Mill)
– Free veterinary services
The Project Cycle AnalysisWomen’s Dimension in Project Design
Implementation
• Finances– Funding levels are adequate for
program continuity• Bangkok Bank and the Women’s World
Banking • It is possible to trace the funds for the
women from allocation to delivery with a fair degree of accuracy.
The Project Cycle AnalysisWomen’s Dimension in Project Design
Implementation
• Flexibility– There does not seem to be a management
information system that helps to detect the effects of project on women.
– There does seem to be flexibility within the project to adapt.
•
The Project Cycle AnalysisWomen’s Dimension in Project
Implementation
• Data Requirements:– Tools in put in place to measure
financial data:• Maize Farming: 10,000 Bt (270 USD)• Dairy Farming:37,000 Bt (999 USD)
The Project Cycle AnalysisWomen’s Dimension in Project
Implementation
• Collection and Analysis: • There is not a mechanism in place to
measure impact on women.• The project was largely established to
augment female farmer’s income and so the measurement stops with the finances.
The End