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1
THAMES VALLEY BERKSHIRE LABOUR MARKET OVERVIEW – JULY 2014
The big picture: Labour market participation (16-64 year olds)
Thames Valley Berkshire residents are more likely to be in employment, and less likely to be
unemployed or economically inactive, than average across England (table 1).
However, economic activity patterns vary widely across the sub-region (table 1 and table 2). Of
particular note:
o Employment rates in Slough are low (substantially lower than the national average),
whilst unemployment and economic inactivity rates are high.
o Nearly a third of Slough residents who are defined as ‘economically inactive’ would like a
job (approximately 7,100 people, in addition to the 5,900 categorised as being
unemployed). And approximately two-fifths of those who are ‘economically inactive’
describe their current position as ‘looking after family / home’.
o Within Wokingham, the vast majority of residents who ‘economically inactive’ are not
seeking work (85%). Just over a third are students and just over a quarter are ‘looking
after family / home’.
o Similarly within West Berkshire, the vast majority of ‘economically inactive’ residents are
not seeking work (80%). A relatively high proportion (nearly a quarter) are retired.
Employment rates have recovered at a faster rate in Thames Valley Berkshire than across
England as a whole since 2011/12 (chart 1).
Since 2011/12, unemployment rates have declined more sharply in Thames Valley Berkshire than
across England as a whole (chart 2).
Young people: Labour market participation (16-24 year olds)
Approximately two-fifths of 16-24 year olds in Thames Valley Berkshire are not in employment
(44%). The majority of whom will be in full-time education (chart 3).
A higher proportion of young people are in employment1 in Thames Valley Berkshire than across
England as whole, and in the South East region (table 3).
The proportion of young people in Thames Valley Berkshire who are employed rises from
approximately 40% of 16-19 year olds to approximately 70% of 20-24 year olds (table 3).
Across the sub-region, youth employment rates are highest in Bracknell Forest and are lowest in
Slough (table 3).
Across the sub-region we see that economic inactivity2 amongst young people is lowest (in both
age groups) in Bracknell Forest. Economic inactivity of 16-19 year olds is highest in Windsor and
1 Includes students who are working whilst studying 2 Data on the levels of economic inactivity of young people across Thames Valley Berkshire is provided but is a little difficult to interpret without more granular information on the reason for being economically active (unavailable due to small sample sizes at the local authority level).
2
Maidenhead and of 20-24 year olds is highest in Reading (which is likely to reflect the University
of Reading’s student population) (table 4).
The overall unemployment rates (ILO definition3) of young people in Thames Valley Berkshire are
substantially lower than the national (England) average, and are also lower than the regional
(South East) average. Differences are particularly marked amongst the 16-19 age group (table 5).
The number of young people claiming unemployment benefit within Thames Valley Berkshire is
also relatively low (table 6). Claimant unemployment rates amongst 18-24 year olds (in total and
over 6 months) are lower in Thames Valley Berkshire than the regional and national averages.
Rates within Slough stand out within the sub-region and are near the national average.
The proportion of young people claiming unemployment benefit within Thames Valley Berkshire
has broadly mirrored the national trend over the last 10 years (chart 4). Across Thames Valley
Berkshire, with the exception of Slough, young unemployment claimant rates at a local authority
level have converged in recent months, with rates currently being more similar across the sub-
region than at any time over last 10 years.
At ward level, the top 4 wards in terms of the overall number of young unemployment benefit
claimants are all in Slough, and 22 of the top 25 wards are either in Slough or Reading local
authority areas (table 7).
Estimates of the number of 16-18 year olds Not in Employment, Education or Training (NEET)
suggest that overall numbers across the sub-region fell between 2012 and 2013 to around 1,140
(table 8). Of the six local authority areas, only Slough experienced an increase in the number of
NEETs between 2012 and 2013 (bucking the national and regional trend).
The job market
In June 2014, approximately 7,500 job vacancies in Thames Valley Berkshire were advertised on-
line, a fall on the previous month (table 9).
The top recruiting employers4 between April and July 2014 were the NHS, Vodafone Group,
Bracknell Forest Borough Council, Amazon.com and Reading Borough Council (table 10).
Over the last three months (15 April to 14 July) three of the top five occupations for job postings
in Thames Valley Berkshire were IT-related. The remaining two occupations being ‘Business sales
executives’ and ‘HR and industrial relations officers’ (which includes recruitment consultants)
(chart 5).
When looking at on-line postings by specific job titles (chart 6), the top two job titles are ‘Sales
Executive’ followed by ‘Account Manager’; both of which are positions that are common to a
wide range of industries. The next two are more sector specific (‘Drivers’ and ‘Chefs’) and tend
to be positions available to people with sub-degree level qualifications.
Communication skills were by far the most commonly cited generic skill mentioned within job
adverts over the last 3 months in Thames Valley Berkshire, followed by management, training,
organisational skills and leadership skills (chart 7).
3 International Labour Organisation definition of unemployment is ‘people are without a job, are available to start work in the next fortnight and have actively sought work within the past four weeks or have found a job and are waiting to start’ 4 Where employer names were provided within online job postings (approximately 40% of postings)
3
Sales and IT-related skills were the most commonly cited specialist skills mentioned within job
adverts over the last 3 months in the sub-region (these included skills in programming languages
SQL and Microsoft C#).
Entry level job opportunities and skills requirements
The number of online job postings for Apprentices and Interns in Thames Valley Berkshire has
been relatively stable over the last three months (table 11).
The number of vacancies advertised online for Apprentices is significantly higher than the
number of vacancies for Interns (250 v 10 in June 2014) (table 11).
In the last three months, the top three employers5 advertising online for Apprentices in Thames
Valley Berkshire were Reading Borough Council, the NHS and Travis Perkins (table 12).
Employers advertising for Interns in the last three months include the Royal Household
Company, Amazon.com, the General Electric Company (GE) and Akzo Nobel (table 13).
The top generic skills required by employers in their job postings for Apprentices in the last three
months are English and communication skills. These are followed by organisational skills, being
detailed-oriented, team work and customer service skills (table 14).
The top ‘specialist’ skill cited within job adverts for Apprentices in the last three months was
business administration. This was followed by telecommunications6, first aid, cooking,
administrative support and sales (table 15).
The top positions being advertised at a salary of less than £15,000 per annum (which are
potentially more likely to be accessible for young people without prior experience or
qualifications) are roles in the care and hospitality sectors (such as support workers, cleaners,
chefs and nursery nurses) (table 16).
Implications for City Deal
At a strategic level, the evidence presented within this paper points to:
o A potential group of women-returners, or women who have never worked, within
Slough who are seeking work and may benefit from tailored support.
o The need to tackle the concentration of young unemployment benefit claimants in
specific wards in Slough and Reading.
o The need to reverse the 16-18 NEET trend in Slough.
At an operational level the evidence presented within this paper provides details on:
o The skills employers require that it would be beneficial for young people to be equipped
with.
o Details on the top recruiting employers to engage with to ensure they are offering
opportunities to young people, including Apprenticeships and work experience.
5 Where employer names were provided within job adverts 6 Although this may refer to the industry in which roles are located rather than being a skills requirement
4
TABLES AND CHARTS
1. Working age population (16-64)
Table 1: Labour Market Participation
Employed Unemployed Economically inactive
Number Rate Number Rate Number Rate
Bracknell Forest 65,200 83.2 2,200 3.3 11,000 14.0
Reading 83,500 74.1 4,600 5.2 24,500 21.8
Slough 64,500 69.7 5,900 8.4 22,200 23.9
West Berkshire 80,200 80.8 3,400 4.0 15,600 15.8
Windsor and Maidenhead 73,800 78.3 2,400 3.2 18,100 19.2
Wokingham 85,800 79.5 3,100 3.5 19,000 17.6
Thames Valley Berkshire 452,900 77.4 21,600 4.5 110,400 18.9
South East 4,100,000 75.4 253,500 5.8 1,085,000 20.0
England 24,226,900 71.7 1,997,900 7.6 7,581,200 22.4
Source: Annual Population Survey, Jan 2013-Dec 2013, Office for National Statistics Note 1: Rates do not sum to 100 due to varying denominators Note 2: Unemployment measured using ILO definition
Table 2: Economic inactivity
Want a job
Do not want a
job
Student Looking after
family / home
Long-term sick
Retired Other
Bracknell Forest 20.9 79.1 21.2 24.2 20.4 19.8 14.4
Reading 17.5 82.5 29.2 31.6 12.9 12.4 13.9
Slough 32.1 67.9 22.5 42.2 18.4 5.6 11.3
West Berkshire 19.3 80.7 29.2 24.1 10.3 23.7 12.7
Windsor and Maidenhead 23.4 76.6 28.8 31.4 5.7 15.6 18.5
Wokingham 14.7 85.3 36.5 27.5 8.9 19.7 7.4
Thames Valley Berkshire 21.5 78.5 28.2 31.2 12.5 15.1 13.0
South East 26.0 74.0 25.3 27.5 17.9 16.9 12.4
England 24.2 75.8 26.0 26.4 20.9 14.9 11.8
Source: Annual Population Survey, Jan 2013-Dec 2013, Office for National Statistics Note: Rates do not sum to 100 due to varying denominators
Local authority level figures of note are highlighted in tables using the following key:
High
Low
5
Chart 1: Employment rate trends (2004 – 2013)
Source: Annual Population Survey, Jan 2013-Dec 2013, Office for National Statistics
Chart 2: Unemployment rate trends (2004 – 2013)
Source: Annual Population Survey, Jan 2013-Dec 2013, Office for National Statistics Note: Unemployment measured using ILO definition
64.0
66.0
68.0
70.0
72.0
74.0
76.0
78.0
80.0
Jan
200
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Emp
loym
ent r
tae
(%)
Thames Valley Berkshire England
0.0
1.0
2.0
3.0
4.0
5.0
6.0
7.0
8.0
9.0
Jan
200
4-D
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5
Jul 2
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Ap
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5-M
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00
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Jul 2
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Oct
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Sep
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6
Jan
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Jul 2
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Oct
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00
8
Jul 2
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20
08
Oct
20
07-
Sep
200
8
Jan
200
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8-M
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9
Jul 2
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Oct
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200
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Jan
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0
Jul 2
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3-D
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20
13
Un
emp
loym
ent r
ate
(%)
Thames Valley Berkshire England
6
2. Labour market participation of young people (16-24 year olds)
Chart 3: Labour market participation by age (Thames Valley Berkshire)
Source: Annual Population Survey, Jan 2013-Dec 2013, Office for National Statistics Note: Young people who are working whilst studying are categorised as being employed.
Table 3: Employment rates of young people
Employed
16-19 20-24 16-24
Number Rate Number Rate Number Rate
Bracknell Forest 3,300 58.5 5,800 83.8 9,100 72.3
Reading 2,300 36.3 8,600 60.0 10,900 52.7
Slough 1,100 18.7 6,500 65.1 7,600 47.9
West Berkshire 4,000 45.5 4,800 69.2 8,800 55.9
Windsor and Maidenhead 1,700 29.9 7,200 72.8 8,900 56.8
Wokingham 3,900 39.4 5,500 70.3 9,400 53.1
Thames Valley Berkshire 16,400 38.6 38,400 68.7 54,800 55.7
South East 152,600 37.5 357,100 68.1 509,700 54.7
England 807,200 32.7 2,217,000 62.0 3,024,200 50.0
Source: Annual Population Survey, Jan 2013-Dec 2013, Office for National Statistics Note: Young people who are working whilst studying are categorised as being employed.
0%
10%
20%
30%
40%
50%
60%
70%
80%
90%
100%
16-19 20-24 16-24
Employed Economically inactive Unemployed
7
Table 4: Economically inactive amongst young people
Economic Inactivity
16-19 20-24 16-24
Number Rate Number Rate Number Rate
Bracknell Forest 1,900 34.0 600 8.1 2,500 19.9
Reading 3,600 56.6 4,500 31.2 8,100 39.0
Slough 3,700 62.1 2,100 20.7 5,800 36.1
West Berkshire 3,700 42.3 1,700 24.8 5,500 34.6
Windsor and Maidenhead 3,800 65.1 2,600 26.0 6,400 40.6
Wokingham 5,300 54.6 1,900 24.0 7,200 41.0
Thames Valley Berkshire 22,100 52.0 13,300 23.8 35,400 36.0
South East 207,600 51.0 118,900 22.7 326,500 35.0
England 1,344,500 54.4 924,800 25.9 2,269,300 37.5
Source: Annual Population Survey, Jan 2013-Dec 2013, Office for National Statistics
Table 5: Unemployment amongst young people
Unemployed
16-19 20-24 16-24
Number Rate Number Rate Number Rate
Thames Valley Berkshire 4,000 19.5 4,200 9.9 8,200 13.0
South East 46,900 23.5 48,400 11.9 95,300 15.8
England 318,000 28.3 434,900 16.4 752,900 19.9
Source: Annual Population Survey, Jan 2013-Dec 2013, Office for National Statistics Note: Unemployment measured using ILO definition
8
Table 6: 18-247 unemployment claimants – May 2014
Total Over 6 months Number Rate Number Rate
Bracknell Forest 145 1.6 40 0.4
Reading 325 1.7 65 0.3
Slough 440 3.6 170 1.4
West Berkshire 170 1.6 35 0.3
Windsor and Maidenhead 180 1.9 60 0.6
Wokingham 120 1.1 30 0.3
Thames Valley Berkshire 1,375 1.9 395 0.6
South East 19,090 2.5 6,185 0.8
England 204,930 4.1 73,925 1.5
Source: DWP, July 2014
Chart 4: Youth unemployment trends (18-24 unemployment claimants, 2004 – 2014)
Source: DWP, July 2014
7 18-24 year old rather than 16-24 year old age bracket used due to negligible number of 16-17 year olds claiming unemployment benefit
0.0
1.0
2.0
3.0
4.0
5.0
6.0
7.0
8.0
9.0
April2004
April2005
April2006
April2007
April2008
April2009
April2010
April2011
April2012
April2013
April2014
Bracknell Forest Reading
Slough West Berkshire
Windsor and Maidenhead Wokingham
Thames Valley Berkshire England
9
Table 7: Number of 18-24 year old unemployment benefit claimants by ward (top 18 wards) – May 2014
Top 25 Wards Local Authority District Number of 18-24 year
old claimants Baylis and Stoke Slough 60
Chalvey Slough 50
Britwell Slough 45
Central Slough 45
Whitley Reading 40
Wexham Lea Slough 40
Battle Reading 30
Katesgrove Reading 30
Minster Reading 30
Norcot Reading 30
Cippenham Green Slough 30
Cippenham Meadows Slough 30
Church Reading 25
Tilehurst Reading 25
Farnham Slough 25
Foxborough Slough 25
Haymill Slough 25
Kedermister Slough 25
Old Bracknell Bracknell Forest 20
Abbey Reading 20
Caversham Reading 20
Kentwood Reading 20
Park Reading 20
Clay Hill West Berkshire 20
Cox Green Windsor and Maidenhead 20
Source: DWP, July 2014
10
Table 8: 16 to 18 year olds Not in Employment, Education or Training (NEET)
2012 2013
Estimated number of
NEETs
% % whose activity is
not known
Estimated number of
NEETs
% % whose activity is
not known
Bracknell Forest 210 6.0% 1.9% 140 4.0% 2.6%
Reading 360 8.4% 2.6% 270 6.3% 3.4%
Slough 230 4.9% 6.6% 280 6.1% 7.6%
West Berkshire 210 4.4% 2.1% 150 3.1% 1.8%
Windsor & Maidenhead 170 4.8% 7.1% 150 4.1% 14.3%8
Wokingham 180 3.6% 3.8% 150 3.1% 3.1%
Thames Valley Berkshire 1,360 5.2% 1,140 4.4%
South East 14,540 5.4% 13,620 5.1%
England 100,040 5.7% 92,240 5.3%
Source: DFE, July 2014 (based on Local Authority administrative data)
3. The Job Market
Table 9: On-line job postings
LAD Apr-14 May-14 Jun-14
Reading 3,020 4,220 3,550
Slough 1,250 1,470 1,060
Windsor and Maidenhead 960 1,310 1,120
Bracknell Forest 740 920 720
West Berkshire 700 1,030 760
Wokingham 290 480 310
Thames Valley Berkshire 6,960 9,430 7,520 Source: Labour Insight, Burning Glass Technologies, July 2014 Note: Some job vacancies that technically fall within West Berkshire and Wokingham local authority areas are likely to be advertised as being in Reading as it is the nearest large urban area.
8 High % of unknowns, treat NEET figures with caution
11
Table 10: Top recruiting employers (15 April – 14 July 2014)
Employer Job Postings
NATIONAL HEALTH SERVICE 594
VODAFONE GROUP 235
BRACKNELL FOREST BOROUGH COUNCIL 177
AMAZON.COM 163
READING BOROUGH COUNCIL 151
THE ROYAL BOROUGH OF WINDSOR AND MAIDENHEAD 136
JOHNSON & JOHNSON 103
FOSTER WHEELER 102
UNIVERSITY OF READING 100
THAMES WATER 91
HUTCHISON 3G UK LIMITED 84
JOHN LEWIS PARTNERSHIP 80
SLOUGH BOROUGH COUNCIL 61
CARE UK HEALTH AND SOCIAL CARE 61
AWE (ATOMIC WEAPONS ESTABLISHMENT) 54
MITCHELLS & BUTLERS 50
COMVERGENT LIMITED 48
NTT COM SECURITY 46
SYMANTECCLOUD 46
BMW GROUP 44
MERLIN ENTERTAINMENTS GROUP 42
STOKE PARK COUNTRY CLUB & RESORT 40
BARCLAYS 40
Source: Labour Insight, Burning Glass Technologies, July 2014
Note: Approximately 40% of job postings include an employer name
12
Chart 5: Top Occupations (15 April – 14 July 2014)
Source: Labour Insight, Burning Glass Technologies, July 2014
1,350
1,126
697
520
500
496
444
444
432
414
399
350
346
330
315
314
311
304
302
265
258
245
240
237
233
0 200 400 600 800 1,000 1,200 1,400 1,600
IT business analysts, architects and systems…
Programmers and software development…
Business sales executives
Human resources and industrial relations officers
IT user support technicians
Marketing and sales directors
Business and financial project management…
IT operations technicians
Information technology and telecommunications…
Nurses
Other administrative occupations n.e.c.
Sales accounts and business development managers
Sales Supervisors
Chartered and certified accountants
Web design and development professionals
Sales related occupations n.e.c.
Financial accounts managers
IT specialist managers
Financial managers and directors
Production managers and directors in manufacturing
Finance and investment analysts and advisers
Cooks
Vehicle and parts salespersons and advisers
Sales and retail assistants
Management consultants and business analysts
13
Chart 6: Top Job Titles (15 April – 14 July 2014)
Source: Labour Insight, Burning Glass Technologies, July 2014
434
320
250
196
186
175
160
157
155
150
127
125
112
110
108
103
89
88
81
80
78
77
77
76
71
0 50 100 150 200 250 300 350 400 450 500
Sales Executive
Account Manager
Drivers
Chef
Marketing Manager
Recruiting Consultant
Project Manager
Business Analyst
Controller
Solutions Architect
Receptionist
Retail Sales Manager|Sales Manager
Sales Consultant
Assistant Manager
Software Developer
Accountant
Nanny
Cleaner
Software Engineer
Social Worker
Sales Engineer
Administrator
.Net Developer
Store Manager
Asp .Net Developer
14
Chart 7: Top Generic Skills Requirements in On-line Job Postings (15 April – 14 July 2014)
Source: Labour Insight, Burning Glass Technologies, July 2014
5,385
3,590
3,483
3,005
2,189
2,075
1,973
1,894
1,827
1,733
1,672
1,408
1,375
1,332
1,318
1,062
921
885
813
737
694
689
684
667
666
0 1,000 2,000 3,000 4,000 5,000 6,000
Communication Skills
Management
Training
Organisational Skills
Leadership
Planning
Project Management
Writing
Microsoft Excel
Customer service
Detail-Oriented
Problem Solving
Team Work
English
Microsoft Office
Microsoft Windows
Microsoft
Creativity
Presentation Skills
Research
Quality Assurance and Control
Budgeting
Troubleshooting
Building Effective Relationships with Customers /…
Time Management
15
Chart 8: Top Specialist Skills Requirements in On-line Job Postings (15 April – 14 July 2014)
Source: Labour Insight, Burning Glass Technologies, July 2014
1,223
1,078
1,019
833
745
729
662
660
626
620
522
521
492
489
448
428
426
425
423
421
414
412
401
397
394
0 200 400 600 800 1,000 1,200 1,400
Sales
Telecommunications
SQL
Contract Management
Microsoft C#
Business Development
JavaScript
Accounting
.NET
LINUX
Java
SQL Server
Oracle
ITIL
Administrative Support
Marketing
Account Management
Mentoring
Procurement
Forecasting
Customer relationship management (CRM)
Business Process
SAP
Product Sale and Delivery
Business Analysis
16
4. Entry level job opportunities and skills requirements
Table 11: Job postings for Apprentices and Interns (Thames Valley Berkshire)
Apr-14 May-14 Jun-14
Apprenticeships 250 260 250
Internships 20 20 10
Source: Labour Insight, Burning Glass Technologies, July 2014
Table 12: Top employers advertising online for Apprentices (15 April – 14 July 2014)
Employer Number of postings
READING BOROUGH COUNCIL 13
NATIONAL HEALTH SERVICE 11
TRAVIS PERKINS 9
BUSY BEES CHILDCARE 5
O2 MOBILE 5
RUSH HAIR 5
JOHN LEWIS PARTNERSHIP 4
VODAFONE GROUP 4
PRUDENTIAL 4
THAMES WATER 4
BAXTER STOREY 3
NORSK EUROPEAN WHOLESALE LTD 3
CROUDACE LTD 3
TGI FRIDAYS 3
BRACKNELL FOREST BOROUGH COUNCIL 3
SLOUGH BOROUGH COUNCIL 3
MACDONALD HOTELS & RESORTS 3
HOUSING SOLUTIONS 3
RETAIL MARKETING GROUP 3
THE ROYAL BOROUGH OF WINDSOR AND MAIDENHEAD 3
WE BRAND IT 3
Source: Labour Insight, Burning Glass Technologies, July 2014
17
Table 13: Top employers advertising online for Interns (15 April – 14 July 2014)
Employer Job Postings
ROYAL HOUSEHOLD COMPANY 3
AMAZON.COM 3
GENERAL ELECTRIC COMPANY 3
AKZO NOBEL N.V. 3
SYMANTECCLOUD 2
AGILENT DE 2
UNIVERSITY OF READING 2
HP 2
ERICSSON 1
POLYCOM INCORPORATED 1
ANDERSON BAPTIST CHURCH 1
CENTRICA 1
JOHNSON & JOHNSON 1
HEWLETT PACKARD COMPANY 1
THE SAGE GROUP PLC 2
AGILENT 1
PANOVUS MARKETING LIMITED 1
Source: Labour Insight, Burning Glass Technologies, July 2014
Table 14: Top Generic Skills Requirements in On-line Job Postings for Apprentices (15 April – 14 July 2014)
Skills Job Postings
English 313
Communication Skills 258
Organisational Skills 157
Detail-Oriented 138
Team Work 112
Customer service 110
Creativity 71
Writing 70
File Management 66
Problem Solving 56
Microsoft Office 53
Microsoft Excel 47
Planning 45
Computer Skills 41
Positive Disposition 37
Quality Assurance and Control 34
Data Entry 32
Telephone Skills 31
Listening 31
Source: Labour Insight, Burning Glass Technologies, July 2014
18
Table 15: Top Specialised Skills Requirements in On-line Job Postings for Apprentices (15 April – 14 July 2014)
Skills Job Postings
Business Administration 90
Telecommunications 55
First Aid 47
Cooking 40
Administrative Support 39
Sales 39
Mathematics 39
Child Care 34
Singing 25
Vehicle Maintenance 23
Accounting 22
Office Management 21
Social Media 20
Taking Messages 19
Stock Control 19
Appointment Setting 18
Travel Arrangements 17
Carpentry 16
Product Sale and Delivery 15
Record Keeping 14
Administrative Functions 13
Spreadsheets 13
IT Support 12
Source: Labour Insight, Burning Glass Technologies, July 2014
19
Table 16: Job postings with a salary of less than £15,000 per annum (full-time positions) (15 April – 14 July 2014)
Job title Job Postings
Support Worker (carers) 23
Cleaner 20
Chef 15
Nursery Nurse 12
Care Assistant 12
Care Worker 11
Social Worker 10
Sales Executive 10
Room Attendant 10
Porter 10
Drivers 9
Housekeeper 9
Team Member 8
Labourer 8
Warehouse Operative 8
Sales Adviser 8
Apprentice Chef 7
Office Assistant 6
Receptionist 6
Customer Service Assistant 6
Sales Assistant 6
Kitchen Assistant 6
Office Administrator 5
Cscs Labourer 5
Apprenticeship In Childcare 5
Supplier Quality Engineer 5
Barista 5
Sales Advisor 5
General Labourer 5
Sql Database Administrator 5
Nanny 5
Administration Assistant 5
Source: Labour Insight, Burning Glass Technologies, July 2014
20
Data sources
All data presented within this paper is the latest available at 15 July 2014.
Some key points to note regarding the data sources used in this paper are outlined below.
Unemployment measures
Unemployment can be measured in different ways. Within this paper we present unemployment figures
derived from the Annual Population Survey, conducted by the Office for National Statistics, and
administrative figures collated by the Department for Work and Pensions (DWP) via JobCentre Plus local
offices.
The Annual Population Survey capture the International Labour Organisation (ILO) definition of
unemployment, which is when people are without a job, are available to start work in the next fortnight
and have actively sought work within the past four weeks or have found a job and are waiting to start.
This measure includes both Jobseeker Allowance and non-Jobseeker Allowance claimants, providing a
more accurate picture of those people out of work.
DWP ‘claimant count’ unemployment data is a record of the number of claimants of Jobseekers
Allowance (JSA). This data is released more frequently (monthly) and is actual numbers rather than a
survey estimation.
Online job postings (Labour Insight)
The intelligence from online job postings presented within this paper has been sourced from Labour
Insight, a tool developed by technology company Burning Glass Technologies. The tool processes
information from real-time job postings ‘scraped’ from the internet. Burning Glass Technologies estimate
that they capture approximately 90% of job adverts that are placed online (from jobs boards, recruitment
agency websites and directly from employers’ own websites giving a good indication of hiring activity and
the level of demand for people with different types of skills.
The main limitation of the methodology is that the intelligence that can be gathered is only as good as
the information that employers and agencies include within job adverts. So, for example, whilst the vast
majority of job adverts will include a job title and skills requirements, many will not include a salary,
qualifications required or an employer’s name.
Another limitation is that it can be difficult to ascertain where precisely a job is located. If a postcode is
provided within a job advert then this can accurately be coded to a town and / or local authority area.
However, an employer recruiting in Theale, which is in West Berkshire but borders Reading, may
advertise the job location as being ‘Reading’ which would result in the job being coded to the Reading
local authority area.