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The
4th
Science
and
Technology
Basic
Plan
ASO,
Takayuki Director,
Planning
Division,
Science
and
Technology
Policy
Bureau November
1,
2011
The 1The 1stst Science and Science and Technology Basic PlanTechnology Basic Plan
((FY1996FY1996~~20002000))
The 2The 2ndnd Science and Science and Technology Basic PlanTechnology Basic Plan
((FY2001FY2001~~20052005))The 3The 3rdrd Science and Science and
Technology Basic PlanTechnology Basic Plan((FY2006FY2006~~20102010))
The 4The 4thth Science and Science and Technology Basic PlanTechnology Basic Plan
((FY2011FY2011~~20152015))
●Increase in governmental R&D expenditure
The total budget for governmental R&D expenditure exceeded 17trillion
yen. (
result:
1
7.6
trillion yen )
●Construction of new R&D system
・Increase in competitive research funds ・Support plan for 10,000 post-
doctoral fellows
(including Ph.D students) ・Promotion of industry-academia- government collaboration ・Implementation of evaluation system
●Increase in governmental R&D expenditure
The total budget for governmental R&D expenditure exceeded 17trillion
yen. (
result:
1
7.6
trillion yen )
●Construction of new R&D system
・Increase in competitive research funds・Support plan for 10,000 post-
doctoral fellows
(including Ph.D students)・Promotion of industry-academia- government collaboration・Implementation of evaluation system
●Three basic ideas・Creation of Wisdom・Vitality from wisdom・Sophisticated society by wisdom
●Key policies・strategic priority setting in S&T-promotion of basic researches-Prioritization of R&D
on national/social subjects ・S&T system reforms-Doubling of competitive research funds -Enhancement of industry- academia-government collaboration ・Total budget of 2nd basic policy 24trillion yen
(result:21.1trillion yen)
・
Total budget of 3rd basic policy 25trillion yen
(
result:
21.7trillion yen)
●Three basic ideas・Creation of Wisdom・Vitality from wisdom・Sophisticated society by wisdom
●Key policies・strategic priority setting in S&T-promotion of basic researches-Prioritization of R&D
on national/social subjects・S&T system reforms-Doubling of competitive research funds -Enhancement of industry- academia-government collaboration・Total budget of 2nd basic policy 24trillion yen
(result:21.1trillion yen)
・
Total budget of 3rd basic policy 25trillion yen
(
result:
21.7trillion yen)
●Basic Concept・Integrated development of “STI policies”・Further focus on the “role of human resources
and the organizations” ・Realization of Policy Created together with
Society
●Basic Concept・Integrated development of “STI policies”・Further focus on the “role of human resources
and the organizations”・Realization of Policy Created together with
Society
・Realization of Sustainable Growth and Societal Development into the Future
・Recovery and rehabilitation from the recent earthquake
・Green and Life Innovation・Enhancing Basic Research and Human
Resource Development ・Establishing the PDCA Cycle and Action
Plan for improving science policyTotal amount of the government R&D investment
Quick overview of the history of Science and Technology Basic Plans
2
Science and Technology Basic Law (enacted in 1995 )
Prepared by the Ministry of Education, Culture, Sports, Science and Technology (MEXT) based on materials prepared by the Cabinet Office
→25trillion yen
EssenceEssence
ofof
thethe
4th4th
ScienceScience
andand
TechnologyTechnology
Basic Policy Basic Policy ReportReport((1/21/2))
①
A nation achieving sustainable growth
②
A nation realizing a full and high-quality life for citizens
③
A nation maintaining S&T which forms the basis of existence
④
A nation leading in the resolution of global problems such as large-scale natural disasters
⑤
A nation continuing to create intellectual property and nurturing a culture of S&T
①
A nation achieving sustainable growth
②
A nation realizing a full and high-quality life for citizens
③
A nation maintaining S&T which forms the basis of existence
④
A nation leading in the resolution of global problems such as large-scale natural disasters
⑤
A nation continuing to create intellectual property and nurturing a culture of S&T
Target picture of JapanTarget picture of Japan
○
Integrated development of “STI policies”
For strengthening coordination between S&T policy and innovation policy, STI policy shiftfrom the prioritization of R&D based on primary areas to that of measures for achievingsuccess in priority issues.
○
Further focus on the “roles of human resources and the organizations”
In order for such human resources to be able to demonstrate their capabilities sufficiently,organizational support that can assist them should be improved.
○
Realization of Policy Created together with Society
Promoting efforts for taking public comments and obtaining the wide public involvement inplanning and promoting policies
○○
Integrated development of Integrated development of ““STI policiesSTI policies””
For strengthening coordination between S&T policy and innovation policy, STI policy shiftfrom the prioritization of R&D based on primary areas to that of measures for achievingsuccess in priority issues.
○○
Further focus on the Further focus on the ““roles of human resources and the organizationsroles of human resources and the organizations””
In order for such human resources to be able to demonstrate their capabilities sufficiently,organizational support that can assist them should be improved.
○○
Realization of Policy Created together with SocietyRealization of Policy Created together with Society
Promoting efforts for taking public comments and obtaining the wide public involvement inplanning and promoting policies
Basic conceptBasic concept
3Prepared by the Ministry of Education, Culture, Sports, Science and Technology (MEXT) based on materials prepared by the Cabinet Office
Ⅰ.Basic ConceptProviding
the
five
target
picture
of
Japan,
adopting
the
three
points
as
basic
concepts
for
future
S&T
policies
Ⅱ.Promotion of the two major innovations as a pillar of growthPromoting
green
and
life
innovation,
System
reforms
directed
at
promoting STI
Ⅲ.Key challenges to the Priority Issues Facing JapanPromoting
measures
for
achieving
the
priority
issues, Strategic
development
of
international
activities
Ⅳ.Enhancing Basic Research and Human Resource DevelopmentDrastic
enhancement
of
basic
research,
Development
of
S&T-related
human
resources
Ⅴ.Development of Policy Created together with SocietyFurther
involvement
of
the
public
with
policy
planning, Promotion
of
S&T
communication
activities,
Enhancement
of
R&D
implementation
systems,
etc.
ⅠⅠ..Basic ConceptBasic ConceptProviding
the
five
target
picture
of
Japan,
adopting
the
three
points
as
basic
concepts
for
future
S&T
policies
ⅡⅡ..Promotion of the two major innovations as a pillar of growthPromotion of the two major innovations as a pillar of growthPromoting
green
and
life
innovation,
System
reforms
directed
at
promoting STI
ⅢⅢ..Key challenges to the Priority Issues Facing JapanKey challenges to the Priority Issues Facing JapanPromoting
measures
for
achieving
the
priority
issues, Strategic
development
of
international
activities
ⅣⅣ..Enhancing Basic Research and Human Resource DevelopmentEnhancing Basic Research and Human Resource DevelopmentDrastic
enhancement
of
basic
research,
Development
of
S&T-related
human
resources
ⅤⅤ..Development of Policy Created together with SocietyDevelopment of Policy Created together with SocietyFurther
involvement
of
the
public
with
policy
planning, Promotion
of
S&T
communication
activities,
Enhancement
of
R&D
implementation
systems,
etc.
Outline of reportOutline of report
EssenceEssence
ofof
thethe
4th4th
ScienceScience
andand
TechnologyTechnology
Basic Policy Basic Policy ReportReport
((2/22/2))
4Prepared by the Ministry of Education, Culture, Sports, Science
and Technology (MEXT) based on materials prepared by the Cabinet Office
BriefBrief
overview of drafting process of revised science and Technology overview of drafting process of revised science and Technology basic policy report by Council for Science and Technology Policybasic policy report by Council for Science and Technology Policy
March 31, CSTP published the “Immediate reaction to special condition caused by earthquake off the Pacific coast of Tohoku”
Announcing that CSTP revise the draft of 4th Science and Technology Basic Plan
March 11, 2011
The Grate East Japan Earthquake
May 2, CSTP announced the “S&T Policy for the Time Being”Clarifying that CSTP modify the 4th S&T Basic Plan in light of the “New Challenges” from 3-11.The modified version, to be announced in August 2011, will put priority on:
・
Recovery from disaster and advancement of safety・
Reconsideration of green innovation, focusing on energy S&T・
Strengthening of basic research and S&T human resource development・
Improving communications in Japan and with other countries on risk at emergencies ・
Improvement of CSTP management
Occurring
Not only coordinate with economic policies and industrial policies such as the New Growth Strategy, but also with
other broader policies such as those related to rebuilding and revitalization after earthquake and to strengthening the national response to disasters
July 29,
The 98th meeting of the Council for Science and Technology Policy◆
The Science and Technology Basic Policy Report (Modified version) was decided.
(Public Comments , Coordination among ministries)
5Prepared by the Ministry of Education, Culture, Sports, Science and Technology (MEXT) based on materials prepared by the Cabinet Office
Ⅰ.Basic
Concept
Listing up the special condition caused by earthquake off the Pacific coast of Tohoku”
,
Government reoriented five target picture of Japan.①
A nation achieving sustainable growth and societal development into the future, whileaccomplishing reconstruction and rebirth from the disaster
②
A nation realizing a safe, full and high-quality life for citizens
③
A nation leading in the resolution of global problem such as large-scale natural disasters
④
A nation maintaining S&T which forms the basis of existence
⑤
A nation continuing to create intellectual property and nurturing a culture of S&T
Ⅱ.Realization
of
Sustainable
Growth
and
Societal
Development
into the
Future
In addition to Green and Life innovation, Government regards accomplishing strong recovery and rehabilitation from the recent earthquake as the priority agenda
which should be addressed.
Ⅲ.Key
challenges
to
the
Priority
Issues
Facing
Japan
To realize safer living environments for citizens, Government needs to make steady efforts for protecting human life and property in the event of a large-scale natural disaster.
ⅠⅠ..BasicBasic
ConceptConcept
Listing up the special condition caused by earthquake off the Pacific coast of Tohoku”
,
Government reoriented five target picture of Japan.①
A nation achieving sustainable growth and societal development into the future, whileaccomplishing reconstruction and rebirth from the disaster
②
A nation realizing a safe, full and high-quality life for citizens
③
A nation leading in the resolution of global problem such as large-scale natural disasters
④
A nation maintaining S&T which forms the basis of existence
⑤
A nation continuing to create intellectual property and nurturing a culture of S&T
ⅡⅡ..RealizationRealization
ofof
SustainableSustainable
GrowthGrowth
andand
SocietalSocietal
DevelopmentDevelopment
into theinto the
FutureFuture
In addition to Green and Life innovation, Government regards accomplishing strong recovery and rehabilitation from the recent earthquake as the priority agenda
which should be addressed.
ⅢⅢ..KeyKey
challengeschallenges
toto
thethe
PriorityPriority
IssuesIssues
FacingFacing
JapanJapan
To realize safer living environments for citizens, Government needs to make steady efforts for protecting human life and property in the event of a large-scale natural disaster.
Outline of revised reportOutline of revised report
With keeping the basic concept of Science and Technology Basic Policy Report(December,2010),CSTP revised several points below.
With keeping the basic concept of Science and Technology Basic Policy Report(December,2010),CSTP revised several points below.
Basic PrincipleBasic Principle
6Prepared by the Ministry of Education, Culture, Sports, Science and Technology (MEXT) based on materials prepared by the Cabinet Office
EssenceEssence
ofof
revisedrevised
ScienceScience
andand
TechnologyTechnology
BasicBasic
PolicyPolicy
ReportReport deliberateddeliberated
byby
CouncilCouncil
forfor
ScienceScience
andand
TechnologyTechnology
PolicyPolicy
(CSTP)(CSTP)
Ⅳ.Enhancing
Basic
Research
and
Human Resource
Development
For promoting World-leading R&D and S&T-related human resource development, Government improve transmission of information and international exchange activity.
Ⅴ.Development
of
Policy
Created
together
with
Society
Initiative
such as enrichment of risk communication and enhancement of the R&D
implementing system
needs to be developed for gaining public understanding, trust and support.
ⅣⅣ..EnhancingEnhancing
BasicBasic
ResearchResearch
andand
Human ResourceHuman Resource
DevelopmentDevelopment
For promoting World-leading R&D and S&T-related human resource development, Government improve transmission of information and international exchange activity.
ⅤⅤ..DevelopmentDevelopment
ofof
PolicyPolicy
CreatedCreated
togethertogether
withwith
SocietySociety
Initiative
such as enrichment of risk communication and enhancement of the R&D
implementing system
needs to be developed for gaining public understanding, trust and support.
EssenceEssence
ofof
revisedrevised
ScienceScience
andand
TechnologyTechnology
BasicBasic
PolicyPolicy
ReportReport deliberateddeliberated
byby
CSTPCSTP
7Prepared by the Ministry of Education, Culture, Sports, Science and Technology (MEXT) based on materials prepared by the Cabinet Office
1. The unprecedented crisis in Japan and changes in the worldConsidering the Great East Japan Earthquake as a global issue, the government must work
to deal with the earthquake and tsunami disaster by fully mobilizing every possible policy measure. Furthermore, Japan and the world have been in the midst of upheaval politically, socially and economically, and the expected roles of science and technology (S&T) are also changing considerably in those circumstances. <The unprecedented crisis in Japan >
• Direct and indirect damage caused by the Great East Japan Earthquake, including the Fukushima Daiichi Nuclear Power Station accident
• An aging and decreasing population as well as a declining birthrate, plus a loss of social and economic vitality
• Long, downward trend of industrial competitiveness <Changes in the world >
• Surfacing of global-scale problems, and heating up of competition for natural resources, energy and food, etc.
• Economic rise of emerging nations, and the advance of economic globalization • Changing innovation systems, and the evolution of brain circulation
2. Positioning of the Basic Plan The 4th Basic Plan is positioned as a basic policy for systematically and comprehensively
promoting Japan’s S&T policies, as a national strategy for the next five years, while giving greater depth and concrete form to the New Growth Strategy from a wide range of viewpoints and seeking greater coordination with other important policies.
1. The unprecedented crisis in Japan and changes in the worldConsidering the Great East Japan Earthquake as a global issue, the government must work
to deal with the earthquake and tsunami disaster by fully mobilizing every possible policy measure. Furthermore, Japan and the world have been in the midst of upheaval politically, socially and economically, and the expected roles of science and technology (S&T) are also changing considerably in those circumstances.<The unprecedented crisis in Japan >
• Direct and indirect damage caused by the Great East Japan Earthquake, including the Fukushima Daiichi Nuclear Power Station accident
• An aging and decreasing population as well as a declining birthrate, plus a loss of social and economic vitality
• Long, downward trend of industrial competitiveness <Changes in the world >
• Surfacing of global-scale problems, and heating up of competition for natural resources, energy and food, etc.
• Economic rise of emerging nations, and the advance of economic globalization • Changing innovation systems, and the evolution of brain circulation
2. Positioning of the Basic Plan The 4th Basic Plan is positioned as a basic policy for systematically and comprehensively
promoting Japan’s S&T policies, as a national strategy for the next five years, while giving greater depth and concrete form to the New Growth Strategy from a wide range of viewpoints and seeking greater coordination with other important policies.
I. Basic ConceptI. Basic Concept
The 4th Science and Technology Basic Plan of Japan Tentative translation
8
The 4th Science and Technology Basic Plan of Japan
3. Achievements and issues from the 3rd Basic Plan
There have been numerous successes since the 1st Basic Plan, such as an increase in research and development (R&D) investment and S&T system reforms. On the other hand, a number of issues have also surfaced.
• Individual achievements have fallen short of attaining social challenges• Decrease in share of scientific papers of Japan, and remaining low in international ranking of the
frequency of scientific paper citations • Slack government investment growth in recent years notwithstanding its upward trend• Decrease in posts for young researchers in university. Obstacles to maintenance and management
of facilities • S&T has not always been fully understood and supported by the public
4. Principles for the 4th Basic Plan (1)Target picture of Japan
(i) A nation achieving sustainable growth and societal development into the future, while accomplishing reconstruction and rebirth from the disaster
(ii) A nation realizing a safe, full and high-quality life for citizens(iii) A nation leading in the resolution of global problems such as large-scale natural disasters (iv) A nation maintaining S&T which forms the basis of its existence(v) A nation continuing to create intellectual property and nurturing a culture of S&T
(2) Basic principles for future S&T policies (i) Integrated promotion of “science, technology and innovation (STI) policies”(ii) Greater priority to “roles of human resources and their supporting organizations”(iii) Implementation of the “STI policy created together with society”
3. Achievements and issues from the 3rd Basic Plan
There have been numerous successes since the 1st Basic Plan, such as an increase in research and development (R&D) investment and S&T system reforms. On the other hand, a number of issues have also surfaced.
• Individual achievements have fallen short of attaining social challenges• Decrease in share of scientific papers of Japan, and remaining low in international ranking of the
frequency of scientific paper citations • Slack government investment growth in recent years notwithstanding its upward trend• Decrease in posts for young researchers in university. Obstacles to maintenance and management
of facilities• S&T has not always been fully understood and supported by the public
4. Principles for the 4th Basic Plan (1)Target picture of Japan
(i) A nation achieving sustainable growth and societal development into the future, while accomplishing reconstruction and rebirth from the disaster
(ii) A nation realizing a safe, full and high-quality life for citizens(iii) A nation leading in the resolution of global problems such as large-scale natural disasters (iv) A nation maintaining S&T which forms the basis of its existence(v) A nation continuing to create intellectual property and nurturing a culture of S&T
(2) Basic principles for future S&T policies (i) Integrated promotion of “science, technology and innovation (STI) policies”(ii) Greater priority to “roles of human resources and their supporting organizations”(iii) Implementation of the “STI policy created together with society”
I. Basic ConceptI. Basic Concept
9
The 4th Science and Technology Basic Plan of Japan
1. Basic principleSTI will be strategically promoted aiming at reconstruction and revival from the
disaster and realizing sustainable growth and societal development into the future
2. Reconstruction and revival from the disasteri) Rebuilding and revival of industries in affected areas ii) Restoration and renewal of social infrastructure iii) Realization of safe living environments in affected areas
3. Promoting green innovationi) Realization of a stable energy supply and lower-carbon energy sources usageii) Improvement of energy use in efficiency and smartnessiii) Development of lower-carbon technologies for social infrastructure
II. Realization of Sustainable Growth and Societal Development into the FutureII. Realization of Sustainable Growth and SocietalII. Realization of Sustainable Growth and Societal Development into the FutureDevelopment into the FutureTentative translation
10
The 4th Science and Technology Basic Plan of Japan
4. Promoting life innovation i) Development of revolutionary disease prevention methods ii) Development of new early diagnosis methods iii) Realization of safe and highly effective medical treatment iv) Improvement of Quality of life (QOL) for the sick, elderly and disabled
5. System reforms directed at promoting STI(1)Enhancement of strategic systems for promotion STI (i) Establishment of “STI Strategy Councils (tentative name)”(ii) Enhancement of knowledge networks among industrial sector, academic sector and government(iii) Creation of new places to promote collaborations among industrial sector, academic sector and government (Formation of centers of open innovation, etc.)(2)Building new systems for STI (i) Improvement of circumstances for strengthening of supports of commercialization(ii) Utilization of regulations and institutions to promote innovations (iii) Building of regional innovation systems (iv) Promotion of intellectual property strategies and international standardization strategies
II. Realization of Sustainable Growth and Societal Development into the FutureII. Realization of Sustainable Growth and SocietalII. Realization of Sustainable Growth and Societal Development into the FutureDevelopment into the FutureTentative translation
11
The 4th Science and Technology Basic Plan of Japan
1. Basic principlePriority issues to be addressed as a nation will be set, and the promoting measures aimed at
achieving these issues will be focused on
2. Promoting measures for achieving the priority issues(1) Realization of a safe, affluent and high-quality life
i) Improvement of safety and convenience of citizens’ lifeii) Stable procurement of food, water, natural resources and energy iii) Improvements in affluence of citizens’ life (2) Enhancement of industrial competitiveness of Japani) Reinforcement of technical foundations aimed at strengthening industrial competitivenessii) Creation of new industrial infrastructure capitalizing on Japan’s strengths (3) Contribution to the resolution of global problems i) Acceleration of challenges to global-scale issues (4) Promoting fundamental R&D of the nation’s existencei) Strengthening national security and key technology ii) Building S&T bases for pioneering new frontiers (5) Enrichment and enhancement of common bases for S&T i) Strengthening interdisciplinary S&T ii) Advancement and networking of common and basic S&T infrastructures
III. Key challenges to the Priority Issues Facing JapanIII. Key challenges to the Priority Issues Facing JapanIII. Key challenges to the Priority Issues Facing JapanTentative translation
12
The 4th Science and Technology Basic Plan of Japan
3. System reforms directed at achieving the priority issues(Promoting activities based on the promotion measures listed in II. 5.)
4. Strategic development of international activities(1) Promotion of R&D aimed at resolving common issues across Asia
( “East Asian Science and Innovation Area (e-ASIA) Initiative”, etc.)(2) New developments in S&T diplomacy
(i) Development of international activities capitalizing on Japan’s strengths (ii)Promotion of international activities for advanced S&T (iii) Promotion of coordination and cooperation with developing countries for global-
scale issues (iv) Reinforcement of foundations for developing international S&T activities
III. Key challenges to the Priority Issues Facing JapanIII. Key challenges to the Priority Issues Facing JapanIII. Key challenges to the Priority Issues Facing JapanTentative translation
13
IV. Enhancing Basic Research and Human Resource DevelopmentIV. Enhancing Basic Research and Human Resource DevelopmentIV. Enhancing Basic Research and Human Resource Development
The 4th Science and Technology Basic Plan of Japan
1. Basic principle In addition to addressing the priority issues, initiatives also need to be enhanced for promoting basic research and human resource development.
2. Drastic enhancement of basic research (1) Strengthening creative and diverse basic research
(Further expansion of Grants-in-Aid for Scientific Research, etc.)(2) Enhancement of world-class basic research
(Formation of research-focused university groups, formation of world-class research centers, etc.)
Tentative translation
14
IV. Enhancing Basic Research and Human Resource DevelopmentIV. Enhancing Basic Research and Human Resource DevelopmentIV. Enhancing Basic Research and Human Resource Development
The 4th Science and Technology Basic Plan of Japan
3. Development of S&T-related human resources (1) Development of human resources that can be actively involved in a variety of places
(i) Drastic enhancement of graduate school education (Creation of new places to dialogue between industrial sector and academic sector, establishment of the “Guideline for Promotion of Graduate School Education”, etc.)
(ii) Support for doctoral course students, and diversification of career paths (iii) Development and vocational training of engineers
(2) Development of creative and outstanding researchers (i) Creating fair and highly transparent evaluation systems (ii) Improving the career paths of researchers (iii) Promoting the active involvement of female researchers
(3) Developing the new generation for future S&T activities
4. Formation of an international-standard research environment and foundations (1) Improvement of R&D circumstances at universities and public research institutions
(i) Improving university facilities and equipment (ii) Promoting development and shared use of advanced research facilities and
equipment (2) Improving the intellectual infrastructure (3) Improving the research information infrastructure
Tentative translation
15
V. Development of Policy Created together with SocietyV. Development of Policy Created together with SocietyV. Development of Policy Created together with Society
The 4th Science and Technology Basic Plan of Japan
1. Basic principle In order to achieve “policy for society and the public”, initiatives need to be developed for
gaining public understanding, trust and support.
2. Deepening relationship between society and STI (1) Promotion of STI policy based on the viewpoints of ordinary citizens
(i) Encouraging public participation in policy planning and promotion (ii)Addressing ethical, legal and social issues (ELSI)(iii) Developing and securing human resources that link STI policy to society
(2) Promotion of S&T communication activities
Tentative translation
16
V. Development of Policy Created together with SocietyV. Development of Policy Created together with SocietyV. Development of Policy Created together with Society
The 4th Science and Technology Basic Plan of Japan
3. Promotion of effective STI policy (1) Strengthening the policy planning and promotion function
(establishment of the “STI Strategy Headquarters (tentative name)”, etc.)(2) Enhancing the screening and allocation functions in research funding programs
(i) Structural reform of research funds for the effective and efficient screening and allocation
(ii) Improvement and enrichment of competitive fund systems (3) Enhancement of the R&D implementing system
(i) Reform of R&D corporations (Establishment of new system for national R&D institutions)
(ii) Improvements of systems for promoting research activities effectively(4) Establishing the PDCA (plan-do-check-act) cycle in STI policy
(i) Ensuring the effectiveness of the PDCA cycle (ii) Improvement and expansion of R&D evaluation systems
4. Expansion of R&D investment Increasing the combined public-sector and private-sector R&D investment to over 4% of GDP, increasing the governmental R&D investment to 1% of GDP which will bring the total amount of the governmental R&D investment to about 25 trillion yen.
Tentative translation
17
18
Thank you for your attention.