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THE 6TH INTERNATIONAL
SYMPOSIUM ON CLIMATE CHANGE ADAPTATION
8 July 2014 Songdo, Republic of Korea
Copyright © 2015 by APAN and KEI
All rights reserved. This report or any portion thereof
may not be reproduced or used in any manner whatsoever
without the express written permission of the publisher.
Asia Pacific Adaptation Network (APAN)
APAN Regional Hub at the IGES Regional Centre
604 SG Tower, 6th Floor
161/1 Soi Mahadlek Luang 3
Rajdamri Road, Patumwan
Bangkok 10330, Thailand
Telephone: +66 2 651 8794 • Facsimile: +66 2 651 8798 • Website: www.asiapacificadapt.net
For general queries, feedback or comments, contact: [email protected]
The 6th International Symposium on Climate Change Adaptation
Page 1
T A B L E O F C O N T E N T S
LIST OF ACRONYMS ............................................................................................................ 2
BACKGROUND .................................................................................................................... 3
SUMMARY OF DISCUSSION ................................................................................................ 4 Opening Session ....................................................................................................................................... 4 Plenary 1: National Efforts on Climate Change Adaptation ........................................................... 4 Parallel Session 1: Useful Lessons from the Past – (1) Adaptation Information ........................... 5 Parallel session 1: Useful Lessons from the Past – (2) Adaptation Finance ................................... 6 Parallel Session 2: Future Directions for Adaptation – (1) Adaptation Information .................... 7 Parallel Session 2: Future Directions for Adaptation – (2) Adaptation Finance .......................... 8 Plenary 2: New paradigm of Climate Change Adaptation ............................................................ 9 Closing session ........................................................................................................................................... 9
APPENDIX 1: AGENDA ...................................................................................................... 10
APPENDIX 2: PHOTOS ....................................................................................................... 12
The 6th International Symposium on Climate Change Adaptation
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LIST OF ACRONYMS
AF Adapta on Fund
APAN Asia Pacific Adapta on Network
GCF Green Climate Fund
GEF Global Environment Facility
GHG Greenhouse gas
IPCC Intergovernmental Panel on Climate Change
KACCC Korea Adapta on Center for Climate Change
KEI Korea Environment Ins tute
LAPA Local Adapta on Plan of Ac on
LDCF Least Developed Countries Fund
NAPA Na onal Adapta on Programme of Ac on
NIE Na onal implemen ng en ty
SCCF Special Climate Change Fund
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The 6th International Symposium on Climate Change Adaptation S O N G D O , R E P U B L I C O F K O R E A
BACKGROUND The Asia Pacific Adapta on Network (APAN) (funded by the Ministry of Environment, Japan, the Asian Development Bank, the USAID Adapt Asia-Pacific project, and others) jointly with the Korea Adapta on Center for Climate Change (KACCC) under the Korea Environment Ins tute (KEI) organised the 6th Interna onal Symposium on Climate Change Adapta on on 8 July 2014 in Inchoen, Republic of Korea. The symposium was hosted by the Ministry of Environment of Korea. This one‐day event brought together over 200 interna onal and na onal adapta on experts, policy‐makers, researchers, prac oners and media. The symposium was designed based on the current context of adapta on briefly described below: 1) Adapta on needs have increased as climate change risks grow with global temperature rise.
a. IPCC Fi h Assessment Report es mates that the global economic damage would reach 0.2‐2.0 per cent of the global GDP if temperature rises 2° C above pre‐industrial level by the end of the century.
b. Adapta on policies are required and poli cal, social and technological systems need to be transformed in order to manage climate related risks and to enhance resilience.
2) Adapta on – rela vely new concept – requires knowledge sharing as research is s ll insufficient and uncertainty is high.
a. Sharing good prac ces and research results by invi ng prominent interna onal adapta on researchers and experts is crucial.
b. Ways forward on effec ve access to adapta on informa on and finance are to be discussed among interna onal and na onal prac oners.
3) Adapta on – required at all levels at all mes – has diverse stakeholders and they must be meaningfully included in adapta on discussion. a. Adapta on capacity of various stakeholders needs to be enhanced. b. Pla orms should be provided to share adapta on experiences and discuss ways forward on future
adapta on paths.
Objec ve
The symposium aimed to raise awareness, promote sharing and dissemina on of adapta on knowledge,
and contribute to enhancing adap ve capacity of prac oners through sharing interna onal and na onal
good prac ces on climate change adapta on.
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SUMMARY OF DISCUSSION The symposium was opened by Mr. Heong‐Jin Choi, Director General of the Ministry of Environment of
Korea. Welcoming remarks were made from KEI, Incheon Metropolitan City and the Green Climate Fund
(GCF). The symposium consisted of two plenary sessions and four parallel sessions centered on adapta on
informa on and finance. The following sec on presents a brief summary of the sessions below.
Opening Session
Heong‐Jin Choi (Director General, Ministry of Environment of Korea)
Republic of Korea has successfully developed a roadmap of na onal greenhouse gas (GHG) emission
reduc on. As part of it, the implementa on of na onal emission trading scheme is expected to be put in
place in 2015. He stated that Korea will remain commi ed to reduce GHG emission and beef up its efforts
to adapt to climate change impacts in the future.
Byung‐Wook Lee (President, Korea Environment Ins tute)
Mr. Lee spoke about Korea’s effort to establish its second 5‐Year Na onal Adapta on Plan and subsequent
Ac on Plans for local governments in 2015. While the country is moving forward to effec vely address
impacts of climate change, KEI recognises the importance of developing and pu ng in place systems for
monitoring and evalua on of climate change measures with the view to maximising its efforts and
efficiency.
Myoung‐Woo Cho (Deputy Mayor, Incheon Metropolitan City)
On behalf of the host city of Incheon, Mr. Cho commended interna onal adapta on prac oners gathered
and discuss issues on adapta on. He men oned that the city of Incheon has become a leading city to
combat climate change in many ways including hos ng GCF in 2012 and a World Bank office (expected in
August 2014). He expected mely forums with regards to public private partnerships for GCF to be
organised in the near future.
Hela Cheikhrouhou (Execu ve Director, Green Climate Fund)
As the head of the newly established Green Climate Fund, Ms. Cheikhrouhou emphasised on strong
partnership among different actors on climate change. The GCF is expected to play an important role in
financially suppor ng climate change ac vi es in the coming years. It is developing plans as to how best to
use the fund which will be collected through both the public and private sectors. Developing countries’
needs on mi ga on and adapta on will be iden fied through various tools. The fund will be allocated
equally between mi ga on and adapta on. She also underscored that GCF assistance will be aligned with
na onal adapta on plans and that collabora on with exis ng similar funds such as the Adapta on Fund
will be sought.
Plenary 1: National Ef for ts on Climate Change Adaptation
(Lessons from different countries)
Jeong‐Seop Hong (Director, Ministry of Environment Korea)
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Korea has experienced an air temperature rise of 1.8° C in 6 major ci es in the past century and a sea level
rise of 22 mm over the past 40 years. The temperature of sea water increased by 1.2 – 1.6° C in the past
100 years. IPCC AR5 es mated the air temperature would increase up to 3.2° C by 2050 in Korea having
Seoul’s temperature similar to that of Busan with fewer winter days. Jeju Island may experience no water
days. To address the projected challenges, Korea has commi ed to cut GHG emissions by 30 per cent
against BAU by 2020 through emission target management, cap‐and‐trade schemes and incen ve
measures. The second Na onal Adapta on Plan is set to be ready by 2015 based on the Framework Act on
Low Carbon Green Growth as well as sectoral adapta on measures. It also promotes research for
adapta on policies, support for vulnerable groups and ac vi es on capacity building through bo om‐up
approach.
Clemens Haße (Scien fic Advisor, Climate Impacts and Adapta on in Germany)
Germany is experiencing various weather events depending on the different regions – more droughts in
North and more floods in Rhine river areas. In an effort to address climate change impacts, the country has
developed its Na onal Adapta on Strategies in 2008 and Ac on Plans in 2011. In that, Ministry of
Environment and other agencies are leading na onal adapta on ac ons – including M&E framework,
assessment tools, communica on with stakeholders and review of adapta on policies. Germany sees
adapta on as a circular learning process consis ng of se ng objec ves, priori sing sectors, conduc ng
sectoral risk assessments, se ng sectoral goals, establishing targets and indicators, and managing conflict
and feedback. The Adapta on Progress Report due in 2015 will feature developing policy tools, decision
making tools and mul faceted evalua on measures and recommenda ons for the second Ac on Plan.
David Rissik (Deputy Director, Australian Na onal Climate Change Adapta on Research Facility)
The center was established 6 years ago with aims to carry out vulnerability assessments, produce new
knowledge for decision makers, and promote adapta on networks among others. It has produced about
200 research results with regard to adapta on and has been trying to transfer new knowledge to users who
need it. It has also been contribu ng to the na onal database system and quan fying adapta on ac ons
and results for informed decision making. The current government is likely to adopt new approaches
(coastal area climate risk management tool, etc.) to achieve climate goals rather than go for the emission
cut trade schemes.
Naresh Sharma (Under‐Secretary and Programme Coordinator, Nepal Climate Change Support Programme)
Nepal allocates 80% of it’s adapta on budget to local governments through its Local Adapta on Plans of
Ac on (LAPA) with a focus on climate resilience and adapta on. It operates through climate vulnerability
assessment, vulnerable region/sector iden fica on, priori sa on, and then se ng up adapta on op ons.
Local governments in collabora on with NGOs work on mainstreaming climate change in development
agenda in the most marginalised and vulnerable areas in Nepal. With assistance from UNDP, LAPA has been
contribu ng to establishing mid‐ and long‐term climate change adapta on plans in 14 areas in the past
year.
Parallel Session 1: Useful Lessons from the Past – (1) Adaptation Information
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Puja Sawhney (APAN Coordinator, Ins tute for Global Environmental Strategies)
APAN is a regional network dedicated to climate change adapta on. Three objec ves of the network are to
i) help countries design and implement adapta on ac ons, ii) assist na ons in developing adapta on
policies and strategies and iii) provide technical assistance to enhance access to adapta on finance. She
went on to explain that, in the five sub‐regions the network covers, it addresses emerging adapta on
issues, provides technical assistance in iden fying adapta on priori es, and conducts training workshops
with targeted government officials. Over the past 5 years, 41 training workshops, conferences and forums
were organised and over 4,000 government officials were trained. She encouraged par cipa on in the
upcoming Adapta on Forum in Malaysia to share adapta on knowledge and find out new solu ons.
Myoung‐Jin Lee (Senior Researcher, Korea Environment Ins tute)
KEI established a system to share adapta on data which will contribute to enhancing adapta on capacity of
various stakeholders at all levels. He explained that his ins tute collected more than 600 data sets from
governments and related agencies. The collected data were then processed to be readily u lised by all
users. He hoped that it would reduce me and efforts to search adapta on data and help different sectors
and local communi es more easily develop adapta on ac on plans.
Michael Rastall (weADAPT Content Manager, Stockholm Environment Ins tute)
Mr. Rastall presented the weADAPT tool developed and operated by SEI which facilitates to transfer data
provided by different actors. He shared with the audience ten lessons learned through running the data
tool. Some of which are: i) importance of maintaining con nuous partnership with adapta on actors as
data providers, ii) data having to be processed to be easily used for decision making, iii) data provided
should be tailor‐made, and iv) importance of data analysis to create new informa on.
Parallel session 1: Useful Lessons from the Past – (2) Adaptation Finance
Roland Sundstrom (Climate Change Specialist, Global Environment Facility)
Mr. Sundstrom presented adapta on finance – in par cular Least Developed Countries Fund (LDCF) and
Special Climate Change Fund (SCCF) – managed by the Global Environment Facility (GEF). He highlighted
that projects funded by LDCF or SCCF are in most cases well aligned with na onal development objec ves.
One example is the Na onal Adapta on Programme of Ac on (NAPA) funded by LDCF that contributes to
economic and social development and promotes sustainability in developing countries. It was noted that
through new strategies (2014‐2018) mainstreaming adapta on into related policies, plans and decision
making processes in countries will be promoted. Establishing extensive partnership with strategic regional
partners was also underscored. With regard to challenges to be addressed, he noted developing
methodologies for iden fying adap ve development from tradi onal one and ways to mobilise private
finance on adapta on.
Yong Sung Kim (Senior Infrastructure Specialist, Global Green Growth Ins tute)
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Presen ng an Ecotown project in the Philippines with the Global Green Growth Ins tute, Mr. Kim shared
lessons learned during the implementa on of the project which was conducted jointly with local
governments, Climate Change Commi ee and KACCC. Strong poli cal commitment, scien fic evidence, and
integrated knowledge to reduce uncertain es were highlighted as key elements for success. He addi onally
men oned resilience building is crucial to achieving sustainable development. In order to enhance
resilience, adapta on should gain more a en on.
Mozaharul Alam (Regional Climate Change Coordinator, UNEP)
Mr. Alam presented the global climate finance flow in 2010/2011 – USD 350 billion (mi ga on) and USD 14
billion (adapta on). Most of finance was in the form of loans. Adapta on finance was allocated in Asia‐
Pacific (27%) and Sub‐Saharan Africa (44%). He went on to iden fy challenges in implemen ng the NAPAs.
For example, differen a ng adapta on from usual development in project design is challenging. Another
one was co‐financing from the countries implemen ng NAPAs. He then suggested that countries need to
regularly check project progress and discuss with project partners. It was also highlighted that a logical
framework should be designed from the beginning as to how the finance contributes to reducing
vulnerability in order to ensure effec veness of the projects.
Parallel Session 2: Future Directions for Adaptation – (1) Adaptation Information
Seongwoo Jeon (Director, Korea Environmental Informa on Center, KEI)
Climate change entails uncertainty, which underscores the importance of pu ng a system of regularly
upda ng climate data in place. It helps informed decision making based on the latest informa on. In Korea,
various a empts to establish data centers have been made – including environment outlook, environment
sta s cs, and na onal ecosystem assessment. These are being developed using real‐ me tracking and GPS
technologies. Globally, UNEP‐Live – global data pla orm – which collects environment informa on and
sta s cs at the global level is being established since 2010. UNEP is planning to use this pla orm for
dissemina ng global environment outlook informa on which has been published every five years. Mr. Jeon
highlighted that ways to include informa on collected and analysed at the private sector need to be
deliberated. He also stated that data verifica on needs to be put in place to avoid inaccurate informa on
put into the system by public par cipa on.
Jaeyoon Park (Associate Programme Officer on Adapta on, UNEP)
UNEP has been working to facilitate informa on sharing. The APAN is one example of it drawing upon
partnerships with other ins tutes. He went on to present some other cases where UNEP provides services
on helping developing countries make informed decisions with up‐to‐date data and valuable knowledge
shared with peer countries. He emphasised that latest informa on and knowledge should keep flowing
within and between countries, for which con nuous investment is required. Knowledge crea on and
sharing must be demand‐driven. Effec ve informa on flows can also be realised through South‐South
coopera on among developing countries as many of them are in a similar condi on and go through similar
experiences.
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Dong Hyun Kim (Research Fellow, Korea Environment Ins tute)
According to a survey, 60‐70 per cent of the private sector respondents are concerned about impact of
climate change. They haven’t however set up adapta on plans yet. Mr. Kim explained this is due to the lack
of appeal of the exis ng adapta on guidelines to the business sector and due to the uncertainty of the
climate change impacts. The KEI is developing Climate change risk assessment tool that helps companies
understand poten al impacts in a clearer way in economic terms with risk scoring. It features simple ways
of measuring risks to business, a checklist of risk/adapta on factors, poten al climate scenarios,
priori za on tools, risk assessment tools etc. It aims finally to provide guidelines to reduce risks and
establish adapta on measures. So far 14 companies were trained to apply this tool to their business
planning.
Parallel Session 2: Future Directions for Adaptation – (2) Adaptation Finance
Daniel Gallagher (Adapta on Associate, Adapta on Fund Board Secretariat)
The Adapta on Fund (AF) has been suppor ng developing countries in reducing vulnerability to climate
change impact and building resilience. It has disbursed over USD 200 million un l date which has primarily
been made available through the Clean Development Mechanism since 2010. As of July 2014, 16 Na onal
implemen ng en es (NIE), 4 Regional implemen ng en es and 11 mul lateral implemen ng en es
have been accredited to directly access the fund. Accredita on for direct access is given to en es that
successfully prove their financial management capacity with monitoring and self‐inves ga ng systems are
in place as per the Fund’s fiduciary standards. The Fund keeps at least 50 per cent of its overall fund only
for NIE and is con nuously working on helping countries get their NIEs accredited and capacitated to
successfully manage the fund.
Mozaharul Alam (Regional Climate Change Coordinator, UNEP)
UNEP is a special organisa on of the United Na ons that coordinates its environmental ac vi es and
assis ng countries in developing and implemen ng environmentally sound policies and prac ces. Under its
climate change programme, UNEP supports na ons to mi gate and adapt to climate change, and to
sustainably manage forest through its REDD+ programme. To date, UNEP has helped over 30 countries gain
access to USD 38 million in adapta on, USD 12 million in enabling ac vi es, and USD 10 million in low
carbon development. As a GEF implemen ng agency, UNEP managed NAPA and Na onal Adapta on Plan
support projects. With regard to adapta on finance, the agency is running a support programme for
developing countries so as to help them iden fy poten al na onal implemen ng en es and get them
accredited by the AF
Alexis Lapiz (Interna onal Science Research Officer, Climate Change Commi ee)
The Philippines is one of the most vulnerable countries to climate change globally. Since 2009, many steps
were taken to move forward to handle climate change impacts including climate change law, na onal
climate change commi ee, and people’s survival fund. Its overall vision is to transform into climate smart
development through climate smart business and services, sustainable energy, and enhancement of
The 6th International Symposium on Climate Change Adaptation
Page 9
knowledge and capacity. In par cular, the People’s Survival Fund has been instrumental in helping local
governments and communi es adapt to climate change through enhancing early warning systems,
developing climate risk insurance schemes, and grass‐root community adapta on programmes in different
sectors.
Plenary 2: New paradigm of Climate Change Adaptation
Yasuaki Hijioka (IPCC AR5 WGII Coordina ng Lead Author, Na onal Ins tute for Environmental Studies)
Mr. Hijioka presented the overview of the IPCC AR5 Working Group II report. This report has been to
contributed by an increased number of authors, 308 from 70 countries, and a empts to define more clearly
the concept about risk management and climate change adapta on. The report sheds more light on
adapta on compared to the previous reports reflec ng on the growing importance of adap ng to climate
change. He introduced the overall contents of the Summary for Policy Makers (SPM) of the report, which
addresses impact, vulnerability, and adapta on in Sec on A, adapta on and risk management in Sec on B,
risk and resilience in Sec on C. He highlighted among others, the importance of iden fying primary risks in
different regions and sectors and poten al adapta on op ons and their effec veness. In Asia, impacts and
risks of climate change are very different depending on sub‐regions therefore down‐scaled informa on and
quan ta ve data are required to effec vely address adverse impacts. In order to do so, mul faceted
approaches are needed including economic, environment and social dimensions.
Closing session
Young‐il Song (Director, Korea Adapta on Center for Climate Change, KEI)
Dr. Song thanked all the speakers and par cipants for their valuable presenta on, discussion and ac ve
par cipa on. He stated that adapta on is an unavoidable issue now and hoped that the symposium
provided all par cipants with an opportunity to get new insights and poten al solu ons for their ac vi es.
Celebra ng KACCC’s fi h anniversary, he promised that the center would con nue to provide such
opportuni es for sharing knowledge and insights and networking with na onal and interna onal experts
on adapta on.
The 6th International Symposium on Climate Change Adaptation
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APPENDIX 1: AGENDA Agenda
The 6th International Symposium on Climate Change Adaptation
8 July 2014, Songdo, Republic of Korea
Time Program
09:30~10:00
(30') Registra on
Opening Ceremony
10:00∼10:30 (30')
【Opening Ceremony】
Opening Remarks (Heungjin Choi, Director‐General of Ministry of Environment, Korea)
Welcoming Remarks (Byung‐wook Lee, President of Korea Environment Ins tute (KEI)
Remarks (Myeongwoo Cho, Vice‐mayor of Incheon Metropolitan City)
Remarks (Hela Cheikhrouhou, Execu ve Director of the Green Climate Fund Secretariat)
10:30~11:00
(30') 【Tea Time】
【Plenary ①】Na onal Efforts on Climate Change Adapta on
(Lessons from Different Countries)
11:00∼12:30
(90')
Korea’s Climate Change Adapta on Policies (Jeong‐Seop Hong, Director of Ministry of
Environment, Korea)
Germany’s Efforts on Climate Change Adapta on (Clemens Haße, Scien fic Advisor of
Climate Impacts and Adapta on in Germany (Kompass)
Australia’s Efforts on Climate Change Adapta on (David Rissik, Deputy Director of Na
onal Climate Change Adapta on Research Facility (NCCARF)
Nepal’s Efforts on Climate Change Adapta on (Naresh Sharma, Under‐Secretary and Pr
ogramme Coordinator of the Nepal Climate Change Support Programme)
12:30∼13:30 (60')
【Lunch】
【Parallel Session ①]: Useful Lessons from the Past
(from the Perspec ve of Adapta on Informa on and Finance)
13:30∼15:00
(90')
Theme ①: Adapta on Informa on Theme ②: Adapta on Finance
Introduc on to Asia‐Pacific Adapta on
Network (Puja Sawhney, Coordinator of
the Regional Hub for Asia Pacific Adapta
on Network)
[Live Video] Experiences of GEF on Ada
pta on Financing (Roland Sundstrom, C
limate Change Specialist of Global Envir
onment Facility(GEF)
The 6th International Symposium on Climate Change Adaptation
Page 11
Establishment of Environmental Informa
on Sharing System with Considering Cli
mate Change (Moung Jin Lee, Senior Res
earcher of Korea Environment Ins tute
(KEI)
SEI’s experiences with weADAPT for Ada
pta on Informa on (Michael Rastall, we
ADAPT Content Manager of Stockholm E
nvironment Ins tute)
Experiences of GGGI on Adapta on Fin
ancing (Yong Sung Kim, Senior Infrastru
cture Specialist of Global Green Growth
Ins tute (GGGI)
Learning from Adapta on Finance: NAP
A Implementa on (Mozaharul Alam, Re
gional Climate Change Coordinator of U
nited Na ons Environment Programme
(UNEP)
15:00~15:30
(30') 【Tea Time】
【Parallel Session ②]: Future Direc ons for Adapta on
(from the Perspec ve of Adapta on Informa on and Finance)
15:30~16:40
(70')
Theme ①: Adapta on Informa on Theme ②: Adapta on Finance
Interac on with Other Environmental In
forma on Systems for Adapta on Infor
ma on (Seongwoo Jeon, Senior Researc
h Fellow of Korea Environment Ins tute)
Role of UNEP in Mobilizing Knowledge f
or Adapta on (Jaeyoon Park, Associate
Programme Officer of United Na ons En
vironment Programme (UNEP)
Development of Climate Change‐related
Risk Management Tool (Donghyun Kim,
Research Fellow of Korea Environment I
ns tute (KEI)
[Video] Present and Future of AF (Fabri
ce Musoni, Readiness Programme Coor
dinator of Adapta on Fund (AF) Board
Secretariat)
Role of UNEP in Adapta on Finance (M
ozaharul Alam, Regional Climate Chang
e Coordinator of United Na ons Enviro
nment Programme (UNEP)
The Philippines’ Experiences with Eco‐t
own Project and Insights for Adapta on
Financing (Alexis Lapiz, Interna onal Sci
ence Research Officer (ISRO) of Climate
Change Commission, the Philippines)
【Plenary ②】New Paradigm of Climate Change Adapta on
16:40~17:10
(30')
IPCC’s Climate Change Impact Assessment in Asia and New Paradigm of Adapta on (Yasuaki
Hijioka, Coordinating Lead Author of IPCC WGⅡ, Senior Researcher, Center for Social and
Environmental Systems Research, Na onal Ins tute for Environmental Studies)
Closing Ceremony
17:10~17:20
(10') Closing (Young‐Il Song, Director of Korea Adapta on Center for Climate Change (KACCC)
The 6th International Symposium on Climate Change Adaptation
Page 12
APPENDIX 2: PHOTOS
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