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6th Conference “Tunnel Safety and Ventilation” Graz 22-24 April 2012 0
THE A10-TAUERN TUNNEL VENTILATION SYSTEM FROM A CONTRACTOR’S PERSPECTIVE.
(Experiences and lessons learned)
Van Vemden F, Hofstede W.Zitron Nederland B.V.
6th Conference “Tunnel Safety and Ventilation” Graz 22-24 April 2012 1
Contents
1. Introduction2. Design review of the ventilation system3. Room- and installation limitations4. Acceptance tests 5. Cross passage ventilation6. Fan stall prevention7. Contractual aspects8. Local participation9. Conclusions and recommendations
6th Conference “Tunnel Safety and Ventilation” Graz 22-24 April 2012 2
Parties involved
Customer:
ASFINAG Bau Management GmbHVentilation system design:FVT - Forschungsgesellschaft fürVerbrennungskraftmaschinen undThermodynamik m.b.H. Site supervision (Örtliche Bauaufsicht, ÖBA):IDS Beratende Ingenieure GmbH Contract supervision (Begleitende Kontrolle BK):Hopferwieser Consult Ziviltechniker GmbHVentilation System review:ILF Beratende Ingenieure m.b.H.
6th Conference “Tunnel Safety and Ventilation” Graz 22-24 April 2012 3
Ventilation system
South Portal North PortalCavern
AS01 ZS01 AS02 AS03 AS04ZS01 ZS03 ZS04
Fresh air impulse damper
Fire damper
Fresh air throttle opening
Vertical duct damper
Switch over damper
TitleQ
m3/s∆P Pa
Pmot. KW
AS01 165 3100 700
AS02 160 2825 700
AS03 160 2825 700
AS04 160 3250 700
ZS01 150 1625 350
ZS02 130 1875 350
ZS03 130 1875 350
ZS04 150 1625 350
6th Conference “Tunnel Safety and Ventilation” Graz 22-24 April 2012 4
Design review
Elements for discussion:
1. Installation of additional Fresh air impulse damper
2. Ventilation - and design concept in case of fire
3. Cross passage ventilation
6th Conference “Tunnel Safety and Ventilation” Graz 22-24 April 2012 5
Fresh air impulse ventilation
Percentile value
NP – SP SP – NP Shaft-Draught Up
Shaft-Draught Down
Pa Pa Pa Pa95- PercentileZAMG
236 182 553 133
Design(Planer)
165 165 1000 300
Processing of the Pressure differences at the portals
Processing of the Shaft Natural Draught
236 – 165 = 71 Pa x 48 (Traffic Area) = 3400 N Thrust (120 kW Jet fan Power)
6th Conference “Tunnel Safety and Ventilation” Graz 22-24 April 2012 6
Room- and installation limitations
Wire meshExhaust
2140
x214
0
2140
x 2
140
ø252
2
6000
ø252
2
Exhaust
25702000450
3000
x300
0
9000
Wire mesh
3540 (FMU)
AS-01
6th Conference “Tunnel Safety and Ventilation” Graz 22-24 April 2012 7
Room- and installation limitations
Wire meshExhaust
2140
x214
0
2140
x 2
140
ø252
2
6000
CFD calculations to optimize inlet and outlet shape (ILF)
AS-01
6th Conference “Tunnel Safety and Ventilation” Graz 22-24 April 2012 8
Room- and installation limitations
Tauern Exhaust Fan AS01 (Impellerdiameter 2510 mm.) Optimum Duct lay-out
ComponentVolume
m3/sDuct m2.
v m/s
P-dyn. Pa
ζ [ - ]
∆P Pa
Duct m2.
v m/s
P-dyn. Pa
ζ [ - ]
∆P Pa
Inlet part:Screen 160 4,84 33,06 639,30 0,10 63,93 9,00 17,78 184,89 0,10 18,49Inlet piece 160 4,84 33,06 639,30 0,05 31,97 9,00 17,78 184,89 0,09 16,64
Discharge duct / Diffuser:Inlet 160 3,38 47,36 1312,22 3,38 47,36 1312,22Outlet 160 3,27 48,89 1398,25 4,61 34,67 703,26Efficiency / factor 160 0,15 12,90 0,15 91,34
Impuls losses 3>4With innerpipe 160 3,71 43,13 1088,28 5,05 31,67 586,87Without innerpipe 160 4,84 33,06 639,30 60,89 6,18 25,88 391,87 20,13
Fan isolation dampe 160 3,71 43,13 1088,28 0,25 272,07 9,00 17,78 184,89 0,25 46,22Total Fan pressure losses 441,76 192,82In- and outlet concrete duct losses (based on assumption of 1,5 x dynamic loss) 958,95 277,33Total losses 1400,71 470,15Fan Power at 85% efficiency 263,66 88,50
600021
40x2
140
2140
x 2
140
ø252
2
3540 (FMU)25702000450
3000
x300
0
9000
ø252
2
6th Conference “Tunnel Safety and Ventilation” Graz 22-24 April 2012 9
Room- and installation limitations
CAVERN DIRECTION SALZBURG
6th Conference “Tunnel Safety and Ventilation” Graz 22-24 April 2012 10
Room- and installation limitations
CAVERN DIRECTION VILLACH
6th Conference “Tunnel Safety and Ventilation” Graz 22-24 April 2012 11
Room- and installation limitations
Cooling air ducts
Tunnel Tube Sbg.
Hydraulic & air measurement piping
6th Conference “Tunnel Safety and Ventilation” Graz 22-24 April 2012 12
Acceptance tests
1. Leakage test
2. Flow measurements at different fire scenarios
3. Fire test
6th Conference “Tunnel Safety and Ventilation” Graz 22-24 April 2012 13
Acceptance tests
LEAKAGE TESTFAN M1 M2
V1 V2
Leakage Duct (v-duct) = v1 - v2
FAN M1 M2
V1 V2
Leakage Fire Dampers = v1 - v2 - v.duct
Damper in open positionM1 = Measuring section 1 >> V1 = Air flow M1 [m³/s]
Damper in closed position with foil closure M2 = Measuring section 2 >> V2 = Air flow M2 [m³/s]
Damper in closed position without foil closure
6th Conference “Tunnel Safety and Ventilation” Graz 22-24 April 2012 14
Acceptance tests
CAVERN FIRE TEST SOUTH PORTAL
AL ZL
Ventilation section 3 Ventilation section 4
A Duct damper, closed position Wall
ANatural draught
View A-A
6th Conference “Tunnel Safety and Ventilation” Graz 22-24 April 2012 15
Acceptance tests
Fire testTunnel tube Sbg.: Block 142 & 354
Tunnel Tube Vil.: Block 150 & 408
Das Bild kann zurzeit nicht angezeigt werden.
6th Conference “Tunnel Safety and Ventilation” Graz 22-24 April 2012 16
Cross passage ventilation
Design Options 1. Speed control with pressure sensor and door switches (Tauern)2. Overpressure damper3. Overpressure opening or fire damper
6th Conference “Tunnel Safety and Ventilation” Graz 22-24 April 2012 17
Cross passage ventilation
Design data
1. Overpressure in the cross passage with both escape-doors closed: 50 Pa.
2. In case of one escape-door open (ca. 2 m2 open
area) Airflow 5 m3/s (velocity 2,5 m/s.)
Cross PassageCross passage fan in operation
Air supply
Escape route
Escape door
RFB Salzburg RFB Villach
AL ALZL ZL
Das Bild kann zurzeit nicht angezeigt werden.
6th Conference “Tunnel Safety and Ventilation” Graz 22-24 April 2012 18
Cross passage ventilation
Speed control of the fan(s) Pressure sensor and Door switchesAdvantage:- No overpressure damperDisadvantages- Accelerating and decelerating fans takes time- Control system necessary
6th Conference “Tunnel Safety and Ventilation” Graz 22-24 April 2012 19
Cross passage ventilation
System with overpressure damper
6th Conference “Tunnel Safety and Ventilation” Graz 22-24 April 2012 20
Cross passage ventilation
System with overpressure damper
6th Conference “Tunnel Safety and Ventilation” Graz 22-24 April 2012 21
Cross passage ventilation
System with overpressure damper
6th Conference “Tunnel Safety and Ventilation” Graz 22-24 April 2012 22
Cross passage ventilation
System with overpressure damper
6th Conference “Tunnel Safety and Ventilation” Graz 22-24 April 2012 23
Cross passage ventilation
System with overpressure damper
6th Conference “Tunnel Safety and Ventilation” Graz 22-24 April 2012 24
Cross passage ventilation
System with pressure relief opening or fire damper
6th Conference “Tunnel Safety and Ventilation” Graz 22-24 April 2012 25
Cross passage ventilation
System with pressure relief opening or fire damper
6th Conference “Tunnel Safety and Ventilation” Graz 22-24 April 2012 26
Cross passage ventilation
System with small (0,5 m2) overpressure damper and slide doors (Pmax=120 Pa)
6th Conference “Tunnel Safety and Ventilation” Graz 22-24 April 2012 27
Fan stall prevention
6th Conference “Tunnel Safety and Ventilation” Graz 22-24 April 2012 28
Fan stall prevention
6th Conference “Tunnel Safety and Ventilation” Graz 22-24 April 2012 29
Commercial aspects
Price escalation (ÖNORM B2111)
Indices Split-upLabour: Baukostenindex Baunebengewerbe
Lüftung und Klima 100%
Product:Labour: Baukostenindex für Lüftung und Klima 60%Material: Großhandelspreisindex „51.52.21
Eisen und Stahl“ 40%
6th Conference “Tunnel Safety and Ventilation” Graz 22-24 April 2012 30
Commercial aspects
Entwicklung Großhandelspreisindex 51.52.21 Eisen und Stahl
‐20.0040.0060.0080.00
100.00120.00140.00160.00180.00200.00
Jun‐08Jul
‐08Au
g‐08
Sep‐0
8Oc
t‐08
Nov‐0
8De
c‐08
Jan‐09
Feb‐0
9Ma
r‐09
Apr‐0
9Ma
y‐09
Jun‐09Jul
‐09Au
g‐09
Sep‐0
9
Monat
Großh
ande
lspreisind
ex
51.52.21 Eisen und Stahl
Sonstiges
Lohn
6th Conference “Tunnel Safety and Ventilation” Graz 22-24 April 2012 31
Commercial aspects
Example:
Price basis 0-date
June 2008 Due date
Sept. 2009Labour: 127,78 132,69Others:Labour: 130,02 138,5Material: 174,6 94,2
Price Split-up %
Po without esc. %
Lo / Mo Ldd / Mdd Price factor Pdd with esc. %
labour 20 20 127.78 132.69 1.04 20.77Product: 80Product split-upLabour 48 48 130.02 138.50 1.07 51.13Material 32 32 174.60 94.20 0.54 17.26
100 89.16
6th Conference “Tunnel Safety and Ventilation” Graz 22-24 April 2012 32
Local Participation
1. Facilitating and assisting in local assembly.
2. Supply of steel construction work.
3. Education of local employees / staff.
4. Local handling of service- and maintenance work.
5. A quick response time in case of failure or damage.
6th Conference “Tunnel Safety and Ventilation” Graz 22-24 April 2012 33
Local Participation
6th Conference “Tunnel Safety and Ventilation” Graz 22-24 April 2012 34
Conclusions, Recommendations
1. Design reviewThe design review has to take place immediately after contract award to cover for possible consequences in time.
2. Fan room and –duct dimensionsAllowing for sufficient space for fans and ventilation components will reduce capital cost and energy consumption.
3. Acceptance testsCarrying out site tests is not only required to prove system performance but can also reveal further optimisation possibilities.
4. Cross passage ventilationMore attention should be given to the response time for pressurizing cross passages and the control thereof.
5. Price escalationCustomers may, in co-operation with contractors, allow for limits in price variation to limit overall economic risk for longer term contracts.
6. Local ParticipationLocal participation contributes to local interest and substantial reduction of cost for travelling and lodging.