The Age of Absolutism• The 15th and 16th Centuries marked a

period of strong monarchies and the birth of nation states.

• Ferdinand and Isabella expelled the Muslims from Spain.

• Charles V was a grandson of Ferdinand and Isabella. Also heir to the Hapsburg lands and Holy Roman Empire.

• Charles V fought for control of Italy.

Charles V Holy Roman Emperor• Charles V fought against the Protestants in

central Europe.

• His greatest rival was Suleiman of the Ottoman Empire attacked Vienna in 1529 .

• Charles V gave up his empires and entered a monastery in 1556.

• Ferdinand I became the Holy Roman Emperor and Philip II gained control of the Netherlands, Spain, and most of Italy. ( Bourbons vs Hapsburgs)

Philip II• Philip was a hard worker, devout, and

an absolute monarch.

• He built an isolated somber palace outside Madrid called the Escorial.

• Philip believed he ruled by the divine right of God.

• He saw himself as a guardian of the Catholic Church.

• He was a defender of the church.

The Wars of Philip II• Philip II naval forces led by Don Juan

his half - brother and the Italians defeated the Muslims at the battle of Lepanto.

• Philip II tried to convert the Protestants of the Netherlands resulted in riots.

• Northern Netherlands declares its independence.

• Philip II sends the Armada in 1588.

The Spanish Armada • The Armada fails to conquer England

due to Dutch ships, better weapons on the English ships, and storms.

• The Duke of Alba is Philip II’s cruel enforcer in the Netherlands.

• The Siglo de Oro - A great period of Spanish Arts. ( 1550 - 1650 )

• Painters - El Greco and Diego Velazquez.

• Writers - Cervantes - Don Quixote

The Economic Decline of Spain • In the 1600s Spain began a long decline

into isolation.

• Costly overseas wars drained the wealth of Spain.

• Gold from the Americas led to the neglect of business and industry.

• The government taxed the small middle class, and expelled all the Jews.

• Inflation from huge amounts of gold.

Quiz Chapter 17 Spain • 1. What two rulers expelled the Muslims and the

Jews from Spain in 1492?

• 2. Who were the Austrian rulers of the Holy Roman Empire and the Netherlands?( family name )

• 3. The author of Don Quixote was?

• 4. Name three of the countries or areas that Charles V controlled or ruled?

• 5. Who was Charles V great eastern rival?

• 6. What city did he ( the rival ) almost conquer in 1555?

Quiz Chapter 17 Spain • 7. What did Charles V do at the height of his

career? explain

• 8. Who became the next Holy Roman Emperor?

• 9. Who became the King of Spain?

• 10. Name three areas of the world that this new king of Spain controlled or ruled.

• 11. What was the name of this kings famous palace?

• 12. Define absolute monarch -

• 13. What religious institution did the King of Spain use to try to to convert Protestants?

Quiz Chapter 17 Spain • 14. What huge sea battle was fought for control

of the Mediterranean Sea in 1571?

• 15. What was the section of the Spanish empire that revolted against Spanish rule?

• 16. What did Philip II send to conquer England in 1588?

• 17. What is the period from 1550 - 1650 sometimes called in Spanish history?

• 18. Who were the two great painters of this time?

• 19. Give two reasons why Spanish power declined.

Quiz Chapter 17 Spain • 20 What European country replaced Spain as the

most powerful?

• Extra Credit - What two religions began or originated in India?