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LTG Paul J. KernDirector, Army Acquisition Corps
June 19, 2001
LTG Paul J. KernDirector, Army Acquisition Corps
June 19, 2001
The Army Transformationand Challenges in the Objective Force
The Army Transformationand Challenges in the Objective Force
TACOM ArmamentRDEC/NDIA Symposium
TACOM ArmamentRDEC/NDIA Symposium
Report Documentation Page
Report Date 19JUN2001
Report Type N/A
Dates Covered (from... to) -
Title and Subtitle The Army Transformation and Challenges in theObjective
Contract Number
Grant Number
Program Element Number
Author(s) Kern, Paul J.
Project Number
Task Number
Work Unit Number
Performing Organization Name(s) and Address(es) Army Acquisition Corps
Performing Organization Report Number
Sponsoring/Monitoring Agency Name(s) and Address(es) NDIA (National Defense Industrial Association 2111Wilson Blvd., Ste. 400 Arlington, VA 22201-3061
Sponsor/Monitor’s Acronym(s)
Sponsor/Monitor’s Report Number(s)
Distribution/Availability Statement Approved for public release, distribution unlimited
Supplementary Notes Proceedings from Armaments for the Army Transformation Conference, 18-20 June 2001 sponsored byNDIA, The original document contains color images.
Abstract
Subject Terms
Report Classification unclassified
Classification of this page unclassified
Classification of Abstract unclassified
Limitation of Abstract UU
Number of Pages 23
WWII - Entry Into War Caused Rapid ChangeWWII - Entry Into War Caused Rapid Change
General Marshall’s Dilemma - What to Build?
Heavy Tank - survivable, poor deployability Light Tank - Deployable, poor survivability
General Marshall’s Dilemma - What to Build?
Heavy Tank - survivable, poor deployability Light Tank - Deployable, poor survivability
TF Smith - A Failure to ChangeTF Smith - A Failure to Change
US Weapons Ineffective Against T- 34
Lack of Ammunition 6 HEAT Rounds No Anti-tank Mines
Poor Communications Wet Radios Land Lines Cut by T34 Tracks
150/540 Americans died/wounded/missing
US Weapons Ineffective Against T- 34
Lack of Ammunition 6 HEAT Rounds No Anti-tank Mines
Poor Communications Wet Radios Land Lines Cut by T34 Tracks
150/540 Americans died/wounded/missing
Desert Storm - The Enemy ChangedDesert Storm - The Enemy Changed
Right Tank - Wrong War
A Cold War Force Fights in the Desert
Right Tank - Wrong War
A Cold War Force Fights in the Desert
Other Reasons We Must ChangeOther Reasons We Must Change
SomaliaSomalia
HaitiHaiti
ZaireZaireKosovoKosovo
The Army TransformationThe Army Transformation
...Responsive, Deployable, Agile, Versatile, Lethal, Survivable, Sustainable.
...Responsive, Deployable, Agile, Versatile, Lethal, Survivable, Sustainable.
LegacyForceLegacyForce
Objective ForceObjective Force
InterimForceInterimForce
Sustain & RecapitalizeSustain & Recapitalize
R&D and ProcurementR&D and Procurement
20002000
InterimBCT
InterimBCT
20032003First Unit,
Equipped ObjectiveFirst Unit,
Equipped Objective
FORCE
FORCE
TransformTransform
TransformTransform
TechSolutions
TechSolutions
OBJECTIVE
OBJECTIVE
S&TS&T
InterimInterim
RebuildRebuild Selected UpgradeSelected Upgrade
One Outcome:One Outcome:
Technology InsertionTechnology Insertion
Zero Time/Zero MileMaintenance Standard
Zero Time/Zero MileMaintenance Standard
Upgrade WarfightingCapability
Upgrade WarfightingCapability
Two Paths:Two Paths:AIM XXI*UH-60ACH-47DM9 ACE
M88A1BRADLEY A2
PATRIOTHEMTT
SEEFIREFINDER
ELEC SHOPSFAASV
SUSVD7 DOZER*
SCRAPER
Zero Time/Zero MileMaintenance Standard
Zero Time/Zero MileMaintenance Standard
Technology InsertionTechnology Insertion
M1A2 SEP*AH-64DUH-60MCH-47FAVLBHERCULES *BRADLEY A3**MLRS A1 * *M113 A3 *HEMTT ESPM915A4 *HMMWV
* Currently in production* Currently in production
Same Model-New Life
Same Model-New Life New Model-
New LifeNew Model-
New Life
Organic Depot End ItemOrganic Depot End ItemWorkloadWorkload
• Extended service life• Enhanced Capability• Reduced Operating and Support
(O&S) Cost• Improved System Reliability, Safety,
Maintainability, and Efficiency
Recapitalization ProgramsRecapitalization Programs
Interim Armored Vehicle (IAV)Performance Characteristics
Interim Armored Vehicle (IAV)Performance Characteristics
85 Percent PartsCommonality Across AllSystem Configurations
85 Percent PartsCommonality Across AllSystem Configurations
Remote Weapons StationMK 19/.50 cal Machine gunRemote Weapons Station
MK 19/.50 cal Machine gun
Roll-On/Roll-OffCapable With C130
Aircraft
Roll-On/Roll-OffCapable With C130
Aircraft
Low Acoustic SignatureLow Acoustic Signature
Command, Control,Communication and Computers,
Intelligence, Surveillanceand Reconnaissance System Architecture
Command, Control,Communication and Computers,
Intelligence, Surveillanceand Reconnaissance System Architecture
14.5 mm AP AllAround Armor
Protection
14.5 mm AP AllAround Armor
Protection
Superior Ride Quality/Low Interior Noise
Reduces Crew Fatigue
Superior Ride Quality/Low Interior Noise
Reduces Crew Fatigue
No Requirement For HeavyEquipment Transport
to The Battlefield
No Requirement For HeavyEquipment Transport
to The Battlefield
Run-Flat TiresRun-Flat Tires
5.7 Miles Per Gallon5.7 Miles Per Gallon
Low SustainmentCost
Low SustainmentCost
Self-Recovery Winch
Self-Recovery Winch
Fire Suppression SystemFire Suppression System
Combat Weight37, 796 lbs.
Combat Weight37, 796 lbs.
Transports 9-Man SquadTransports 9-Man Squad
60 mph maximum speed60 mph maximum speed
Infantry Carrier VehicleInfantry Carrier Vehicle
Reconnaissance VehicleReconnaissance Vehicle
Mortar Carrier VehicleMortar Carrier Vehicle
Command VehicleCommand Vehicle
Fire Support VehicleFire Support Vehicle
Engineer Squad VehicleEngineer Squad Vehicle
Medical Evacuation Vehicle
Medical Evacuation Vehicle
Anti-Tank Guided MissileVehicle
Anti-Tank Guided MissileVehicle
NBC ReconnaissanceVehicle
NBC ReconnaissanceVehicle
Mobile Gun SystemMobile Gun System
IAV Variants and ConfigurationsIAV Variants and Configurations
Future Combat SystemsInnovative Concepts for Objective Force
Future Combat SystemsInnovative Concepts for Objective Force
How Should We Organize to Accomplish This?
How Should We Organize to Accomplish This?
System of SystemsSystem of SystemsSystem OptimizationSystem Optimization VS.VS.
Small Unit UAVSmall Unit UAV
Other Layered Sensors
Other Layered Sensors
Robotic Direct FireRobotic Direct Fire
Robotic NLOS FireRobotic NLOS Fire
Robotic SensorRobotic Sensor
Manned C2/Infantry SquadManned C2/Infantry Squad
Network Centric
Force
Network Centric
Force
Distributed FireMechanisms
Distributed FireMechanisms
•Emerging Ideas– 5 -19 Ton Vehicles– Organic UAVs– Focus on BLOS/NLOS Engagements– Multi-layered Sensor Suites– Robust Communications Networks– Robotics Play a Key Role– Level of Risk Varies
•Emerging Ideas– 5 -19 Ton Vehicles– Organic UAVs– Focus on BLOS/NLOS Engagements– Multi-layered Sensor Suites– Robust Communications Networks– Robotics Play a Key Role– Level of Risk Varies
DARPA FCS Design Concept PhaseContractors’ Progress
DARPA FCS Design Concept PhaseContractors’ Progress
Objective ForceArmy Science Board S&T Assessment
Objective ForceArmy Science Board S&T Assessment
* Pacing Technologies* Pacing Technologies
02468
101214161820222426283032
FY
01
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25# o
f R
equ
ired
Ob
ject
ive
Fo
rce
Tec
hn
olo
gie
s#
of
Req
uir
ed O
bje
ctiv
e F
orc
e T
ech
no
log
ies
50%50%
9%9%
41%41%FCS FCS TechTech
DecisionDecision
BeginBeginFieldingFielding
OBJ OBJ ForceForce
IOCIOCOBJ OBJ ForceForce
Available < 2006 16 of 32 50%Available 2010 - 2015 13 of 32 41%Not available until >2015 3 of 32 9%
*Robotic Follower Vehicles *Medium Caliber Cannon*Precision Attack Missiles*Networked Fires*Sensors (Infrared/Radar)*Unmanned Aerial Vehicles – Short Endurance*Unmanned Aerial Vehicles – Long Endurance*Embedded Training
*Hybrid Electric Diesel EnginesRobotic FiresNetwork Building BlocksCommunication SystemsBattle ManagementLogisticsSupply Chain ManagementHigh Reliability
Semi-Autonomous Robotic VehiclesFuture Tactical RotorcraftSensor FusionAutomated Target IdentificationUnmanned Aerial Vehicles – Mini/MicroHybrid Electric Fuel CellsWater from Fuel CellsSupershort Takeoff and LandingDirected Energy Weapons
Tactical AirliftNetworked TrainingWireless NetworkFull Mission Rehearsal
Autonomous RoboticsElectro Magnetic LaunchEmulation Training
Apr 03Apr 03 Apr 04Apr 04 Mar 06Mar 06
ConceptDesigns
Nov 00Nov 00 Nov 01Nov 01 FY 08FY 08 FY 10FY 10
T&EShakeout
PreliminaryDesigns
DetailedDesign
Build*TRD
Demonstrator SDD Production
Pre-SDD
Current FCS Program ScheduleCurrent FCS Program Schedule
Fire Support - The Path AheadFire Support - The Path Ahead
*350,000 Tons of Ammunition*350,000 Tons of Ammunition
* Source: Certain Victory - The U.S. Army in the Gulf War, by BG Robert H. Scales Jr., page 81
Saudi ArabiaSaudi Arabia
Reduced Ammunition Requirements Are Needed ToMeet Objective Force Deployment Timelines
Reduced Ammunition Requirements Are Needed ToMeet Objective Force Deployment Timelines
Unexploded Ordnance in The Gulf WarUnexploded Ordnance in The Gulf War
• Highly Successful Multiple Launch Rocket System Delivered “SteelRain”
• 9,660 Rockets Fired in Combat, Each with 644 M77 Antipersonneland Antimateriel Grenades
• A 5% Dud Rate ---> 311,052 Unexploded Grenades
• Compounded with Additional UXOfrom ATACMS, DPICM, ClusterBombs, TLAM-D, etc.
• Highly Successful Multiple Launch Rocket System Delivered “SteelRain”
• 9,660 Rockets Fired in Combat, Each with 644 M77 Antipersonneland Antimateriel Grenades
• A 5% Dud Rate ---> 311,052 Unexploded Grenades
• Compounded with Additional UXOfrom ATACMS, DPICM, ClusterBombs, TLAM-D, etc.
• Urban or Restricted Terrain
• Dismounted Infantry
• New Lighter Vehicles
• After 6 Years, Still No Self-Destruct Fuze
• This Must Be Solved on OBJ Force
Lethality Platforms
• Urban or Restricted Terrain
• Dismounted Infantry
• New Lighter Vehicles
• After 6 Years, Still No Self-Destruct Fuze
• This Must Be Solved on OBJ Force
Lethality Platforms
Impact of Unexploded Ordnance on Future WarfareImpact of Unexploded Ordnance on Future Warfare
TRACK DATACORREL
ATE
DETECT
SENSOR C2
SENTINELRADAR
SLEW
FAAD C3I
AVENGER
ENGAGEGUNNER’S VIEW
STC IS THIS
NOT THIS
Air Defense Target Acquisition To Target EngagementAir Defense Target Acquisition To Target Engagement
2 - 8 seconds
17 secondsEngagement
A 25 Second ProcessA 25 Second Process
Target Acquisition and Data Delivery to Avenger
IF AIR DEFENSE CAN FIRE ON TARGETIN LESS THAN 30 SECONDS, WHY CAN’T
WE DO THE SAME WITH INDIRECT FIRES?
IF AIR DEFENSE CAN FIRE ON TARGETIN LESS THAN 30 SECONDS, WHY CAN’T
WE DO THE SAME WITH INDIRECT FIRES?
Army BattlefieldCommandSystem
We Must Simplify Software ManagementWe Must Simplify Software Management
Needed: One Software Solution for ObjectiveForce Fires
Needed: One Software Solution for ObjectiveForce Fires
Legacy SoftwareLegacy SoftwareObjective Force SoftwareObjective Force Software
Other New Technologies for the Objective ForceOther New Technologies for the Objective Force
• Shoot on the Move Howitzer• Smooth Bore Howitzer• Missile/Gun Combination• Highly Precise Weapons• Fuzes with 99+% reliability• Design for Demil• Shelf-life Designed in
• Shoot on the Move Howitzer• Smooth Bore Howitzer• Missile/Gun Combination• Highly Precise Weapons• Fuzes with 99+% reliability• Design for Demil• Shelf-life Designed in
Innovative Concepts are NeededInnovative Concepts are Needed
• Eliminate Excess Parts• Reduce Size/Weight• Design In Reliability/Supportability
• Eliminate Excess Parts• Reduce Size/Weight• Design In Reliability/Supportability
Strategies I’m pursuing:• Expand Collaborative Efforts-Open Communications
• Provide Financial Incentives for Government Labs/Industry• Establish a DoD/Industry Activity to Exchange Best Ideas
. . . remember to keep soldiers involved
Strategies I’m pursuing:• Expand Collaborative Efforts-Open Communications
• Provide Financial Incentives for Government Labs/Industry• Establish a DoD/Industry Activity to Exchange Best Ideas
. . . remember to keep soldiers involved
The Secretary of the Army’s Four ObjectivesThe Secretary of the Army’s Four Objectives
• Invest in People
• Assure Readiness
• Transform the Entire Army
• Adopt Sound Business Practices
• Invest in People
• Assure Readiness
• Transform the Entire Army
• Adopt Sound Business Practices
“Regardless of the challenges, however, I will move forwardwith transformation, and so should everyone else in the Army . . .if there are disbelievers, they need to get on board."
Secretary of the Army Thomas E. White, June 12, 2001
1916-23