The ASEAN Secretariat 70A, Jalan. Sisingamangaraja Indonesiahaze.asean.org/download/apmi/APMI.pdf · APMI inside cover.pmd 2 5/17/2005, 12:04 PM. 1 Southeast Asia has more than 25

Adopted by:20 Meeting of ASOEN-Haze Technical Task Force (HTTF)27-28 February 2003, Manila

ASEAN PEATLAND MANAGEMENT INITIATIVE

Sustainable Management of Peatlands:Wise Use, Prevention of Fires & Rehabilitation

A Contribution to the Implementation of theASEAN Agreement on Transboundary Haze Pollution andthe ASEAN Regional Haze Action Plan

th

ii

The Association of Southeast Asian Nations (ASEAN) was established on 8 August 1967.The members of the Association are Brunei Darussalam, Cambodia, Indonesia, Lao PDR,Malaysia, Myanmar, the Philippines, Singapore, Thailand and Viet Nam. The ASEANSecretariat is based in Jakarta, Indonesia

For inquiries, contact :Public Affairs OfficeThe ASEAN Secretariat70A, Jalan. SisingamangarajaJakarta 12110IndonesiaPhone : (62.21) 724-3372, 726-2991Fax : (62.21) 739-8234, 724-3504E-mail : [email protected]

General information on ASEAN appears on-lineat the ASEAN Website: www.aseansec.org

Cataloguing-in-Publication Data

ASEAN Peatland Management InitiativeJakarta: ASEAN Secretariat, May 2005

ii , 18p ; 16 cm

1. Peatland ecology – Southeastern, Asia2. Peatland management – Southeastern, Asia3. Peatland fires

I. Title

577.687-DDC 21st. ed.

ISBN 979-3496-15-0

Printed in Malaysia

Material in this publication may be freely quoted or reprinted with properacknowledgement

Copyright © ASEAN Secretariat 2005All rights reserved

This publication is funded by

UNEP-GEF project onIntegrated Management of Peatlands for Biodiversity andClimate Change

APMI inside cover.pmd 5/17/2005, 12:04 PM2

1

Southeast Asia has more than 25 millionha of peatlands, comprising 60% of theglobal tropical peatland resource. Thesepeatlands have significant importance forsocio-economic development and supportfor the livelihoods of local communities.However, drainage and unsustainablemanagement practices have made thepeatlands vulnerable to fire. Peatlandfires are now major problems of regionaland global significance that requireregional action. This has negativelyimpacted human health, food productionand biodiversity as well as contributed toglobal climate change.

At the 9th ASEAN Ministerial Meeting onHaze (AMMH) on 11 June 2002, theMinisters took a serious view on the issueof fire prevention and control in peatlands.The AMMH requested the ASEAN SeniorOfficials on the Environment-HazeTechnical Task Force (ASOEN-HTTF) andthe Sub-Regional Fire-fightingArrangements (SRFAs) to further explorecollaboration with the Global EnvironmentCentre (GEC). The ASEAN PeatlandManagement Initiative (APMI) is the resultof this collaborative work.

The APMI is a mechanism wherebyASEAN Member Countries through theprinciples of ASEAN cooperation willcollectively collaborate amongstthemselves or with other internationalinstitutions for mutual benefit to addressthe issues of peatland management on asustainable basis to reducetransboundary haze pollution as well asclimate change impact.

The goals of APMI are to promotesustainable management of peatlandsthrough collective efforts and enhancedcooperation among ASEAN MemberCountries towards achieving local supportand sustaining livelihood options, regionalbenefits through reduced risk of fire andassociated haze and contributing globallyin minimizing impacts of climate change.

The objectives of the APMI are:

• To enhance understanding and buildcapacity on peatland managementissues in the region

SUMMARY• To reduce the incidence of peatland

fires and associated haze• To suport national and local level

implementation activities on peatlandmanagement and fire prevention

• To develop a regional strategy andcooperation mechanisms to promotesustainable peatland management

The draft APMI was discussed at twoSRFA meetings and views receivedthrough a circulated questionnaire by theASEAN Secretariat to HTTF Focal Pointsand selected agencies experts. The pro-posal was revised and adopted follow-ing deliberations at the 20th HTTF Meetingin Manila in February 2003.

Views received were that there is anurgent need for the: a) development ofregional strategies for sustainable use ofpeatland, b) dissemination of informationon fire prevention and control, c)development of action plans, d) exchangeof experiences and expertise, e)implementation of awareness andeducation activities, f) identification of highfire risk areas, and g) conduct of specificstudies on wise peatland management. Itis expected that through regionalcooperation and efforts under theframework of the APMI, peatlands will bebetter and sustainably managed; haze andassociated problems will be reduced;water and biological resources will beprotected and improved; local, nationaland regional action plans will bedeveloped; and strategies for improvedand sustainable management of peatresources will be developed. The effortsunder APMI will also bring benefits toclimate change effects.

The APMI is envisaged as a long-terminitiative that will work through the existingASEAN structure and will be coordinatedby the ASEAN Secretariat and the HTTF.The GEC will provide technical andoperational support to the APMI and assistin generating resources to support foractivities.

APMI doc FINAL.pmd 5/17/2005, 1:35 PM1

2

Southeast Asia has more than 25 millionha of peatlands, comprising 60% of theglobal tropical peatland resource. Thesepeatlands have significant importance forsocio-economic development and supportfor the livelihoods of local communities.However, drainage and unsustainablemanagement practices have made thepeatlands vulnerable to fire. Peatlandfires are now major problems of regionaland global significance that require re-gional action.

The APMI will establish mechanismswhereby ASEAN Member Countries willcollaborate to address the issues ofpeatland management on a sustainablebasis to reduce the potential for fire andassociated haze through:

• Cross-sector information exchange• Provision of assistance to reduce

haze and effects of transboundaryhaze pollution

• Adopting best management practices• Development of specific short-term

and long-term action and managementplans

• Capacity building• Policy decisions on peatland

management

DEVELOPMENT OF THE APMI

The 19th HTTF and the 9th AMMH on 10and 11 June 2002 discussed the issuesof fire prevention and control in peatlands.The AMMH decided to explore thedevelopment of a regional initiative onpeatland management and fire prevention,and requested the HTTF and the SRFAsto explore further collaboration with theGEC. The APMI has been discussed anddeveloped further through consultations,questionnaires and regional meetings asdescribed in Annex 1 (pg.9).

INTRODUCTION

RATIONALE

As the region shares similarities in manyaspects, there is a considerableadvantage in developing an initiative thatpromotes participation and brings thedifferent actors together in a broaderframework to widen the knowledge baseand opinion, increase understanding ofmajor issues within and betweendifferent groups, facilitate exchange ofimportant and critical information onpeatland management in the region, andinitiate on-the-ground actions/projectstowards sustainable peatlandmanagement and fire prevention.

WHO IS IT FOR?

This initiative is for all ASEAN MemberCountries, particularly countries that havesignificant peatland resources orcountries affected by transboundaryhaze pollution.


3

VALUES OF PEATLANDS

Peatlands in Southeast Asia havesignificant importance for socio-economicdevelopment and support for thelivelihoods of local communities. Peatlandscan support sustainable harvesting oftimber and non-timber forest productsproviding other important goods andservices such as water supply, floodcontrol, f ishery support; and havepotential for tourism and recreation.

Peatlands in Southeast Asia aresignificant carbon stores and sinks. Ifdisturbed by drainage and burning, thecarbon is released to the atmosphere,contributing to the greenhouse effect. Ifmaintained in their natural state, CO2 isincorporated as organic carbon into dyingbiomass and stored in the peat, hencemoderating greenhouse gas emissions.Forest and peatland fires during 1997 and1998 covered the Southeast Asian regionwith dense smoke and caused anestimated $9 billion worth of damage.

Southeast Asian peat swamp forests playimportant functional roles in regulation ofhydrology. Functions such as floodcontrol, flow regulation, water supply andprevention of saline water intrusion arecrucial to maintain the integrity of thesurrounding ecosystem. For instance, insouthern Thailand, Phu To Daeng peatswamps play an important hydrologicalrole in regulating the quantity and qualityof water in lower basin. The swampsbuffer the high rainfalls of the months ofNovember and December beforeeventually discharging the water into thesea.

Distribution of peatland resources inSoutheast Asia is described in Annex 2(pg.10).

PEATLAND ISSUES IN THE REGION

Tropical peatlands in this region havefaced some damaging effect from policyand initiatives such as agriculture,fisheries, forestry, and water resources.Besides being exploited by developers fortheir resources, peatlands have also

BACKGROUND

been mismanaged due to the lack ofknowledge and understanding on theimportance of this unique ecosystem. Peatswamp forests that have been logged forvaluable timber, then drained foragriculture or other development, havecreated problems to the planning andmanagement of crops, the surroundingenvironment, freshwater regimes, andlocal livelihoods. Thus, mismanagement ofpeatlands (especially hydrologicalmanagement) leads to the drying up ofpeat soils, which become very vulnerableto fire during the dry season. Over thepast 10 years, there have been incidencesof peatland fires that resulted in thicksmoke and haze blanketing the region.

ASEAN REGIONAL HAZE ACTIONPLAN AND THE ASEAN AGREEMENTON TRANSBOUNDARY HAZEPOLLUTION

Following the severe forest and peatlandfires of 1997, ASEAN Member Countriesapproved an ASEAN Regional Haze ActionPlan to provide a framework forcooperative action to prevent and controlfuture fires. An ASEAN Agreement onTransboundary Haze Pollution was signedby all ASEAN Member Countries in 2002and entered into force in November 2003.The Agreement provides a formalmechanism for collaboration forprevention, monitoring and fire controlactivities, especially in fire prone areassuch as peatlands. The APMI has beendeveloped within the framework of thesetwo mechanisms and is intended to helpwith their implementation.


4

A “Needs and Contributions Assessment”was conducted through a questionnairecirculated by the ASEAN Secretariat toHTTF Focal Points, other agencies andexperts. A total of 20 responses werereceived by 5 February 2003, includingfrom six Focal Points (see Annex 5, pg.14 for details). Focal Points from twoASEAN Member Countries (Singapore andLao PDR) responded positively but did notcomplete the questionnaires as they donot have significant peatlands.

NEEDS AND CONTRIBUTIONS FROMASEAN MEMBER COUNTRIES

Fire

Loss ofBiodiversity

Drainage/watermanagement

Over logging

Difficulty inreforestation

Lack of inter-agencycoordination

Peatsubsidence

Conflictinginterest withlocal people

Agriculturemanagementtechniques

Others

81%

81%

71%

48%

48%

48%

38%

38%

33%

14%

Problems faced with regardto peatland management inthe region are as follows(in order of frequency)

Strategies or actions proposed or beingundertaken by the respondents toaddress the problems are:

• Developing an action plan forprevention of fire and controlledburning

• Improved law enforcement• Mapping of fire prone peatland areas• Early warning for fires on peatland• Arranging priority actions on

controlling peatland fires• Strengthening community and

relevant stakeholders’ awareness bygiving information and education

• Integration of peatland conservationwith environmentally-friendly incomegenerating activities for the localcommunity in peatland areas

• Development of networks to facilitateregional and inter-regional cooperation

• Increase gazettement of forestreserves or other protected areas inpeat swamp forests

Respondents of the APMI Needs andContribution Assessment questionnaireagreed to support its development, althoughsome requested further information.

Contributions suggested byrespondents to support APMI

Possible contributions fromcountries and other respondents tothe APMI questionnaire include:• Publications• Case studies• Arranging site visits and

study tours• Hosting training courses• Sharing of research results• Sharing of experiences and

information• Arranging demonstration

/ pilot project sites andactivities

• Fire danger rating system• Familiarise APMI at national

level• Linking the APMI with

existing national or regionalactivities


5

Suggested Activities of APMI Prioritised byRespondents

Develop and test strategy (ies) for sustainable use ofpeatlands

Document and disseminate experiences on peat fireprevention and control

Identify of sites with high fire risk

Develop regional strategy (ies) and action plans forsustainable management of peatlands

Organise awareness and education activities for the localpeople

Assist in developing proposal to raise funds for specificstudies on peatland

Collate information on status and values of peatlands

Establish demonstration sites for fire prevention andcontrol,and sustainable management of peatlands

Organise training courses and provide training materials

Collate and disseminate case studies, experiences andlessons learned in management of peatlands

Establish information exchange network

Organise regular workshops and study tours to enhanceinformation/experience exchange between countries

Provide and facilitate exchange of experts to assist insolving peatland management

1

2

3

4

5

6

7

8

9

10

11

12

13

% Level

79 H

79 H

79 H

75 H

73 H

73 H

71 H

71 H

68 H

63 H

60 H

56 H

48 H


6

PROPOSED ACTIVITIES

To enhance understanding and build capacity on peatland management issues inthe region• Build capacity for peatland management through training, workshops and study

tours, as well as development of centres of excellence• Develop awareness materials and activities to enhance understanding of peatland

values, threats and associated socio-economic impacts• Identification and promotion of demonstration sites for best management practices• Collate and disseminate information on the extent, status and values of peatlands,

and associated biodiversity in the region• Stimulate strategic research and development related to peatland sustainable

use and fire control

To reduce the incidence of peatland fires and associated haze in the region• Document and disseminate experience on peatland fire prevention and control

and post-fire rehabilitation of peatlands• Identify peatlands in the region with high fire fire risk and promote preventive

measures• Monitor of weather conditions and hot spots in high risk areas and issue alerts

as appropriate• Support key interventions to address peatland fire problems

To support national and local level implementation activities• Establish pilot project(s) in each country (according to local needs) to test

new sustainable management and fire prevention approaches for peatlands• Promote the application of best management practices for peatlands• Assist in the development of plans and projects at national and local level for

the sustainable management and fire prevention in peatlands

To develop a regional strategy and cooperation mechanisms to promote sustainablepeatland management• Develop a strategy for the sustainable management of peatlands in the ASEAN

region including the prevention of fires and the protection of biodiversity• Enhance regional cooperation and exchange of expertise to address peat

management issues• Strengthen exchange of information and experience through mechanisms such

as the ASEAN Haze Action Online and the SEA-Peat netowrk and Peat-Portal• Assist in generating resources to support regional/national activities• Support the implementation of the ASEAN Regional Haze Action Plan and the

ASEAN Agreement on Transboundary Haze Pollution

THE ASEAN PEATLAND MANAGEMENT INITIATIVEGOAL

To promote sustainable management ofpeatlands in the ASEAN region throughcollective actions and enhancedcooperation to support and sustain locall ivelihoods, reduce risk of f ire andassociated regional haze and contributeto global environmental management.

OBJECTIVES

1. To enhance understanding and buildcapacity on peatland managementissues in the region

2. To reduce the incidence of peatlandfires and associated haze in theregion

3. To support national and local levelimplementation activities on peatlandmanagement and fire prevention

4. To develop a regional strategy andcooperation mechanisms to promotesustainable peatland management


7

OUTPUTS

• Operational mechanism forcooperation and exchange amongASEAN Member Countries to addresspeatland management, f ire andassociated haze

• An ASEAN strategy and nationalaction plans on sustainable peatlandmanagement

• Demonstration sites for peatlandrehabilitation, fire prevention, watermanagement, and communityparticipation

• Enhanced understanding andcapacity of stakeholders related topeatland management, f ireprevention and control

• An ASEAN peat fire hazard riskassessment and fire monitoringmechanism

OUTCOMES

• Reduction in incidence of peatlandfires and associated transboundaryhaze as well as improved health andproductivity of affected communities

• Improved protection and sustainableuse of water and biologicalresources in peatlands

• Enhanced socio-economic well beingof local communities living in andaround peatlands through betterlivelihood options

• Reduction in green house gasemissions from peatlands andreduced vulnerability to global climatechange

MANAGEMENT ANDIMPLEMENTATION ARRANGEMENTS

The management and implementationarrangements for the APMI are as follows:

• The APMI is envisaged as a long-terminitiative of ASEAN to be implementedusing the existing ASEANmechanisms

• The HTTF will provide oversight andpolicy guidance to the APMI. Thecurrent HTTF focal points will facilitateactivities at the national level. The HTTFfocal points may designate otherappropriate agencies to assist withspecific activities at country or locallevels

• The ASEAN Secretariat will supportthe formal coordination amongstMember Countries and facilitate themain regional activities and meetings.The GEC and other interestedagencies will provide technical andoperational support to the APMI andassist in generating resources tosupport for activities


8

INPUTS

The following inputs are envisaged

ASEAN Member Countries

It is envisaged that ASEAN MemberCountries will support the implementationof the APMI by:• Making available information and

experiences on peatlandmanagement

• Preparation and implementation ofaction plans for sustainablemanagement and fire prevention inpeatlands at national and local levels

• Making available national experts toassist in regional activities

• For countries with significantpeatlands, establishing at least onepilot project site to test newapproaches to peatland management

• Providing technical or f inancialsupport for regional or countryactivities according to their ability

Partners

It is envisaged that partners will includethose organisations or on-going projectsthat are undertaking activities related tosustainable management of peatlands inthe region. They will contribute by:• Assisting in the implementation of

appropriate components of the APMI• Exchanging experience and lessons

learned from their activities• Inviting participation of countries and

institutions in the ASEAN region intheir activities as appropriate

Supporters

Supporters may include donors, researchand educational institutions or the media.They will assist by:• Providing funds or technical guidance• Promoting the initiative and providing

other support

WORKPLAN

The APMI will be implemented through aseries of rolling short-term work plans.The initial work plan of the APMI for theperiod 2003-2005 was endorsed by the20th Meeting of the HTTF held on 27-28February 2003 in Manila and is providedas Annex 6 (pg.15). This work planincorporates activit ies for whichcountries and partners have alreadyapproved support or indicated an interestto develop further. It is envisaged that oncethe APMI is promoted, other countries,partners or supporters will wish to haveongoing activit ies included in theframework of the APMI. The ASEANSecretariat will update the work plan fromtime to time to include these additionalactivities in the same way as is done forthe ASEAN Regional Haze Action Plan.During the initial work plan period a longerterm programme of work and associatedfunding will be developed in conjunctionwith the participating countries andpartners.

REPORTING

Reports on the implementation of the APMIwill be prepared for HTTF every sixmonths.


9

ANNEX 1CHRONOLOGY OF THE DEVELOPMENT OF THE APMI

1997-98

5 - 6 July1999

August2001

10 June2002

10 - 11June 2002

July 2002

12-13August2002

December2002

15-16January2003

February2003

Major forest and land fires in Southeast Asia associated with an El Niñoinduced drought. These forest fires burnt or partially degraded more than1.5 million ha of peatlands, primarily in Indonesia, but also to a lesserextent in Malaysia, Brunei Darussalam and Thailand. In studies undertakenby the Asian Development Bank and the Indonesian National PlanningAgency, fires in the area of peat soils were identified as the majorcontributors (about 60% of particulates) to the smoke and haze whichenveloped a major part of the region.

An information paper on peatland fires was presented at the 13th HTTFMeeting and the 7th AMMH by GEC.

Funding was provided by the ASEAN Regional Centre for BiodiversityConservation to the GEC in Malaysia for promotion of conservation ofpeatland and development of a Southeast Asia Peat network to link agen-cies working on the issue in the region.

At the time of the Ministerial Forum during the World Conference andExhibition on Land and Forest Fires Hazards in Kuala Lumpur, the MalaysianMinister of Science Technology and the Environment called for coopera-tion amongst ASEAN Member Countries to address the issue of fire pre-vention and control in peatlands.

19th HTTF and the 9th AMMH discussed the need for action for fire preven-tion and control in peatlands. An update was given to the HTTF by theGEC on peatland management and fires in the region and development ofthe SE Asian Peatland Network. The AMMH requested the HTTF and theSRFAs to further explore collaboration with the GEC.

Initial draft of proposal for the APMI was prepared by the AEAN Secre-tariat, HTTF Chair and GEC. It was circulated to ASEAN Member Countriesfor comment.

The 11th Joint SRFAs Meeting in Singapore reviewed the concept pro-posal and supported further development and the assessment of countryneeds through a questionnaire survey.

Circulation of the ASEAN Peatland Management Initiative – Needs andContribution Assessment questionnaire by ASEAN Secretariat to HTTFFocal Points. Sending out of questionnaires to all other interested indi-vidual and institutions through the SEA-Peat Network on the internet.

The 12th Joint SRFAs Meeting in Brunei Darussalam reviewed the progressreport on the development of the APMI and recommended further consul-tations with the countries and preparation of a revised proposal for dis-cussion at the HTTF meeting.

Preparation of a revised version of the APMI based on the feedback andquestionnaires received from the majority of ASEAN Member Countriesas well as other consultations with Member Countries.


10

ANNEX 2DISTRIBUTION OF PEATLAND RESOURCES INSOUTHEAST ASIAIn 1992, the extent of peatland resources of Southeast Asia was estimated by Immirzi andMaltby (1992) to be around 35-40 million ha. However, increased development, landconversion and degradation caused by forest fires have reduced peatland resourcessignificantly over the past few years. Remaining natural peatlands in Southeast Asia isestimated to be around 25-30 million ha. Most peatlands occupy low altitude, sub-coastalareas extending inland for distances up to 300 km. The depth of peat varies from 0.5 tomore than 15 meters.

In 1987, it was estimated that the remaining total peatland areas inIndonesia amount to about 17 million ha, down from the originalpeatland areas of about 20 million ha (Silvius et al, 1987). It isestimated that up to 3 million ha of peatlands have been convertedor destroyed between 1987 to 2000 An increasing area of peatlandis being used for the cultivation of perennial/ estate crops such asoil palm. The major peatland areas in Indonesia are:a) Sumatra: Approximately 4.6 million ha of remaining peatlands

occur mainly along the east coast of North Sumatra down toSouth Sumatra

b ) Kalimantan: Peatlands occupy 3.5 million ha mainly on the westcoast of West Kalimantan, in the central part of Central Kalimantanand some parts of East Kalimantan

c) Irian Jaya: Peatlands occur mostly on the southern coast andsome fringes of the south-western coast with a total areaestimated at 8.7 million ha

Total peatland areas in Malaysia are estimated to be between 2- 2.5million ha (Mohd-Ali, 1989; Dent, 1986). However, substantial peatswamp forests have been cleared for agriculture and are underplantation crops such as oil palm and rubber. Estimates put totalpeatland area in Peninsula Malaysia at 0.9 million ha (Mohd-Ali, 1989)but pristine peatlands amount to less than 50,000ha. In Sabah andSarawak, peat swamps are estimated to cover an area of about 1.5million ha with major areas in state of Sarawak.

Total peat swamp areas of Thailand is estimated to be about 64,000ha. Most of the peat swamp forest is situated in Narathiwat Provinceof southeast Thailand, which has an area of 45,000 ha. The mostimportant site is Pru Toh Daeng.

The main peat deposits are in the Belait peat swamp in the Southand in the Tasek Merimbun Park in Central Brunei.

The main areas of peat are in the Southern Island of Mindanao,primarily in Agusan Marsh and Liguasan Marsh.

The main areas of peat are located in the Mekong Delta.

Some small topogenous peatlands are found in the southern lowlandsof Lao PDR.

Indonesia

Malaysia

Thailand

BruneiDarussalam

Philippines

Vietnam

Lao PDR


11

ANNEX 3DESCRIPTION OF SELECTED SPECIALISTORGANISATIONS INVOLVED IN WORK ON PEAT/BIODIVERSITY/ CLIMATE CHANGE ISSUES ANDONGOING REGIONAL STUDIES/ ACTIVITIES

DESCRIPTION

Regional, based in IndonesiaThe ASEAN Secretariat coordinates and provides support forregional activities on environmental issues of commonconcern and interest including the coordination of theimplementation of the ASEAN Regional Haze Action Plan

International NGO with offices and activities on peatlands inIndonesia, Malaysia and Thailand

Regional centre, based in SingaporeInvolved in monitoring and providing information on hotspots,forest fires and haze in the region

Regional centre, based in the PhilippinesServes as main focal point for networking and institutionallinkage among ASEAN member countries and between ASEANand EU to enhance the capacity of ASEAN in promotingbiodiversity conservation

Regional networkAn information exchange network comprising of over 50individuals and organisations involved in peat research andconservation in Southeast Asia coordinated by the GEC

Academic/scientific research institutionInvolved in Kalimantan Tropical Peat Swamp Forest ResearchProject (KALTROP), in collaboration with various universitiesincluding the University of Nottingham and University ofHokkaido. KALTROP is currently the biggest integrated multi-stakeholder, collaborative research on peatlands in Indonesia.Research activities include biodiversity, management andlinkage to climate change issues

Scientific research institution

Academic, scientific research institutionConducts studies/research activities on biodiversity/ecologicalaspects of peat swamp forest mainly in the Tanjung Pondokpeat swamp forest in Perak. Collaborates with other universitiessuch as the University of Nottingham and UniversitiPalangkaraya on peat related research

ORGANISATIONS

ASEAN Secretariat

Wetlands International– Asia Pacific

ASEAN SpecialisedMeteorological Centre

ASEAN RegionalCentre forBiodiversityConservation

SEA-PEAT (SoutheastAsia PeatlandNetwork)

University ofPalangkaraya(Indonesia)

Indonesian Institute ofScience (Indonesia)

Universiti SainsMalaysia (Malaysia)


12

DESCRIPTION

Scientific research institutionSemi-government research institution on forestmanagement, forest resources conservation andsustainable use. Undertake various studies on peat swampforest biodiversity, sustainable use and conservation

Scientific research institutionThe centre is part of the Royal initiative/studies on peatswamp forest and is overseen by the Royal ForestDepartment. Conducts research/studies in the peat swampforest of Pru Toh Daeng in Southern Thailand in theNarathiwat province

Academic, scientific research institutionConducts various studies in the Belait, Tasek MerimbunPark peat swamp forest areas in Brunei Darussalam

Academic, scientific research institutionInvolved in research activities, with the ASEAN SpecialisedMeteorological Centre on remote imaging and sensing ofchanges in land use patterns and monitoring of peatlandsthat are prone to outbreak of fires during dry season

ORGANISATIONS

Forest ResearchInstitute ofMalaysia

Princess SirindhornPeat SwampForest ResearchCentre (Thailand)

University BruneiDarussalam(BruneiDarussalam)

Centre for RemoteImaging, Sensingand Processing(CRISP), NationalUniversity ofSingapore


13

ANNEX 4LIST OF POTENTIAL PILOT PROJECT SITES INSOUTHEAST ASIAA preliminary list of important peatlands in Southeast Asia has been identified throughinformal consultation with various peatland experts in the region. These sites could beconsidered further as possible study or demonstration sites.

Indonesia

Malaysia

Thailand

BruneiDarussalam

Singapore

Philippines

Viet Nam

• Berbak National Park, Sumatra (Ramsar site)• Peatlands of the Sebangau and Ex-Mega-rice

project area• Central Kalimantan• West Kalimantan peatlands

• Raja Musa/Sg Karang Forest Reserves, Selangor• Loagan Bunut National Park, Sarawak• Maludam Peninsula, Sarawak• Southeast Pahang peatswamp forests

• Pru Toh Daeng National Park, Narathiwat province• Thale Noi peatlands

• Belait Peatlands

• Nee Soon swamp forest

• Agusan Marsh, Mindanao

• Minh Ha peatlands


14

ANNEX 5SUMMARY OF RESPONSE OF THE APMIQUESTIONNAIRE

FOCAL POINT

1

-

1

1

1

1

-

1

-

-

-

6

TOTAL

2

-

6

1

6

1

-

1

2

1

4

24

COUNTRY

Brunei Darussalam

Cambodia

Indonesia

Lao PDR

Malaysia

Myanmar

Philippines

Singapore

Thailand

Viet Nam

International

TOTAL

AGENCY/EXPERT

1

-

5

-

5

-

-

-

2

1

4

18


15

ANNEX 6INITIAL WORK PLAN FOR THE ASEAN PEATLANDMANAGEMENT INITIATIVE 2003-2005(Endorsed by HTTF 27-28 February 2003)

Activity

Workshop onbestmanagementpractices

Workshop onBestManagement

Conference onWaterManagement inPeatlands

Manual of bestmanagementpractices forpeatlands

Production/translation oflocal languageinformationand trainingmaterials

Study tour toMalaysia/Thailand

Awarenessprogramme

Study tour/trainingprogramme

Research anddevelopment

Manual oncommunityinvolvement inpeat fireprevention

Country/site

Narathiwat,Thailand

Indonesia

Malaysia

Regional

Regional

Regional

Regional/eachcountry

Regional

Regional,country

Regional,country

Timing

April2003

October2003

March2004

2003-2004

2003-2005

April2003

2003-2005

2004-2005

2003-2005

2004 -2005

Responsi-bility

RoyalThaiForestDept, WI,GEC

Ministryo fForestry,Indonesia

Dept ofIrrigationandDrainage,Malaysia,AsianDrainageCentre

ASEANSecretariat,GEC, WI

GEC, WI

GEC, WI

ASEANSecretariat,Membercountries

To bedetermined

To bedetermined

GEC, WI

Collaborators

OENP, Thailand

WI, GEC

GEC, Dept ofAgriculture,Dept ofForestry,Malaysia

Many agencies

ASEANSecretariat,Local partners

RFD, ThailandFD, Malaysia

GEC, WI

Budget(US$)

$6000

$15,000

$25,000

$30,000

$20,000

$10,000

$15,000

Funder/status(C)Confirmed(P)Proposed

ARCBC(C)

CIDA-CCCDF (C)

IPTRID (C)IWMI (P)UNEP-GEF(C)

UNEP-GEF(C)CIDA-CCCDF (C)

CIDA-CCCDF (C)

CIDA-CCCDF (C)CARE (C)

To bedetermined

CIDA-CCCDF (P)

1. Capacity building


16

Activity

Practicalhandbook onpeat firecontrol

Pilot project onfire preventionat provinciallevel

Pilot project onfire preventionat district level

Identificationof peatlandswith high firerisk

Monitoring ofhotspots inpeatland areas

Promotion ofpreventionmeasures inhigh risk areas

Fire preventionandrehabilitation

Fire preventionand watermanagement inMega riceproject area

Communityinvolvement inpeatrehabilitation

Peat fireprevention andrestoration

Country/site

Regional

WestKalimantan,Indonesia

SiakDistrict,RiauIndonesia

Regional

Regional

Regional,countries

NorthSelangorPSFMalaysia

CentralKalimantan,Indonesia

Sg Puning,KalimantanIndonesia

BerbakNationalPark,Indonesia

Timing

2003-2003

2003

2003

2003-2004

2004-2005

2003-2005

2003-2004

2003-2005

2003-2004

2003-2005

Responsi-bility

GEC, WI,ProjectFirefightSEA

ProvincialForestDepartment,WestKalimantan

DistrictOffice,Siak

GEC, WI

To bedetermined(linkagewithASEANHazemonitoringactivities)

To bedetermined

SelangorForestDepartment/GEC

CentralKalimantanprovince/WI

WI, Kehati

BerbakNationalPark/WI

Collaborators

FAO, GFMC,Germany

MoF, BPPT,BMG

MoF, BPPT,BMG

To bedetermined

GFMC, GEC

FRIM

GEC, WHC

WI, WHC

GEC, WHC

Budget(US$)

$15,000

$100,000

$100,000

Fundsrequired

Supportrequired

Supportrequired

$5000Initialstudy

$50,000

$50,000

$80,000

Funder/status (C)Confirmed(P)Proposed

CIDA-CCCDF (C)

CIDA-SEAFDRS(C)

CIDA-SEAFDRS(C)

Initial supportIndonesiaCIDA-SEAFDRS(C) CIDA-CCCDF (C)

ARCBC (C)ITTO (P)

CIDA-CCCDF (C)

CIDA-CCCDF (C)

CIDA-CCCDF (C)

2. Reduce peatland fires and associated haze

3. Pilot projects and national activities


17

Activity

Underdiscussion

Fire preventionandrehabilitation

Fire prevention& watermanagement

To beconfirmed

Develop aregionalstrategy toprevent peatfires

Regionalpeatlandinformationexchange

Directory ofpeatlandexpertise andprojects

Develop longterm activitiesand fundingsupport

Country/site

Pru TohDaeng

U MinhThuongNationalParkVietnam

Belait,Brunei

Sarawak

Regional

Regional

Regional

Regional

Timing

2003

2003-2004

2003-2005

2004-2005

2003-2004

2003-2005

2003-2004

2004-2005

Responsi-bility

RFD/DoNP

ForestDepartme-nt/VietnamEnvironme-ntalProtectionAgency

ForestDept,DeptEnvironme-nt ParksandRecreation

SarawakForestDept/NREB

ASEANSecretariatASOENHTTF

ASEANSecretariat(ASEANHazeActionOnline)GEC(Peat-portal)

ASEANSecretariat,GEC

ASEANSecretariat

Collaborators

Underdiscussion

CARE

Underdiscussion

Underdiscussion

GEC

SEA-Peatnetwork

SEA-Peatnetwork

GEC

Budget(US$)

$5000

Underdiscussion

Underdiscussion

$20,000

$30,000

$5,000

$5000

Funder/status (C)Confirmed(P)Proposed

ARCBC (C)

CARE (C)

Underdiscussion

ITTO (P)

UNEP-GEF(C)GPI (C)

ARCBC (C)UNEP-GEF(C)CIDA-CCCDF (C)

ARCBC (C)UNEP-GEF(C)

GEC (C)

4. Regional strategy and cooperation


18

Abbreviations

PartnersASOEN-HTTF – ASEAN Senior Officials on the Environment-Haze Technical Task ForceBPPT – Agency for the Assessment and Application of Technology, IndonesiaDoNP – Department of National Parks, ThailandFD – Forest Department, Peninsular MalaysiaFRIM – Forest Research Institute of MalaysiaGEC – Global Environment CentreGFMC – Global Fire Monitoring CentreMoF – Ministry of Forestry, IndonesiaNREB – Natural Resources and Environment Board, SarawakOENP – Office of Environment and Natural Resource Policy and Planning, ThailandRFD – Royal Forest Department, ThailandWI – Wetlands International

Funding sourcesARCBC - ASEAN Regional Centre for Biodiversity Conservation (Existing Grant to GEC)CARE – CARE-Vietnam (existing project)CIDA-CCCDF - CIDA – Canadian Climate Change development Fund (Existing grant toGEC/WI)CIDA- SEAFDRS - CIDA – South East Asia Fire Danger Rating System project (ongoing)GPI – Global Peat Initiative (New grant to GEC)IPTRID – International Programme for Training on Irrigation and Drainage (grant to DID,Malaysia)ITTO – International Timber Trade Organization (proposal)IWMI – International Water Management Institute (proposal)UNEP-GEF- UNEP-Global Environment Facility – (Approved grant to GEC/WI)


Documents

The ASEAN Secretariat 70A, Jalan. Sisingamangaraja Indonesiahaze.asean.org/download/apmi/APMI.pdf · APMI inside cover.pmd 2 5/17/2005, 12:04 PM. 1 Southeast Asia has more than 25