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The Big Bang Theory
http://www.youtube.com/watch?v=G_MFhAoUUmQ
• The big bang theory describes the development of the universe from the time just after it came into existence up to today.
• It's one of several scientific models that attempts to explain why the universe is the way it is.
• It is the most widely accepted and popular theory to explain the origin of the universe.
The Big Bang Theory
The Big Bang Theory
• While many people believe that the Big Bang theory refers to an explosion, it actually refers to the expansion of the universe.
E = mc²• Developed by Albert Einstein
•Defined mass as highly concentrated energy with c being the speed of light.
• With high enough concentrations of energy, that energy can form matter.
Uh oh…Antimatter!
• When matter and anitmatter come into contact, they annihilate each other.
• The existence of antimatter was first predicted by Paul Direc.
Planck Epoch• Time: 0 to 10-43 seconds after the Big Bang.
• Temperature: 1032 Kelvin
• Size: about 10-35 meters
• At this point in the Big Bang timeline, gravity separates from the other forces.
Grand Unification Epoch
• Time: 10-43 to 10-36 seconds after the Big Bang.
• Temperature: 1027 Kelvin
• Size: about 10-10 meters
• Strong force separates from the weak force and electromagnetic force. (Gravity is the fourth fundamental force)
• Important: It was at this point that more matter was created than antimatter.
Electroweak Epoch• Time: 10-36 to 10-12 seconds after the Big Bang.
• Temperature: 1015 Kelvin
• Size: about 1013 meters
• Huge expansion in the beginning of this epoch.
• Weak force separates from the electromagnetic force, establishing the 4 fundamental forces we have today:
•Gravity, Strong, Weak, Electromagnetic
Quark Epoch
• Time: 10-12 to 10-6 seconds after the Big Bang.
• Temperature: 1013 Kelvin
• Size: unknown
• Quarks combine to make protons.
Hadron Epoch
• Time: 10-6 to 1 second after the Big Bang. (FINALLY, 1 SECOND!!)
• Temperature: 1010 Kelvin
• Size: unknown
• Existence of antimatter are cancelled out
Lepton Epoch
• Time: 1 second to 3 minutes after the Big Bang
• Temperature: 109 Kelvin
• Size: unknown
• Formation of hydrogen and helium starts to occur.
Epoch of Nucleosynthesis
• Time: 3 minutes to 300,000 years after Big Bang
• Temperature: 3000 Kelvin
• Size: unknown
• After 3 minutes, the universe consists of 75% hydrogen, 25% helium, and traces of lithium, boron, and beryllium.
• After 300,000 years, light in the form of radio and microwaves now exist.
Big Bang Visual• You and your lab partner will be making a visual of the big bang and all the epochs.
• This visual can be a timeline, story, book, poster, advertisement, or whatever else you can think of but it must include:
1. Each Big Bang Epoch clearly labeled and the significant event that occurred in each
2. A picture to represent each Epoch
3. You must include times, sizes, or temps
4. Creativity!!!
• Each person/group will share their visual