Upload
gelsey
View
52
Download
0
Tags:
Embed Size (px)
DESCRIPTION
The C anad ian H ome F ront. Shifting Ties. Why did Canada’s closest relationship shift from Britain to the US? Ogdensburg Agreement, 1940 Established the PJBD. War Time Production. Increased production required infrastructure developments and gave people jobs - PowerPoint PPT Presentation
Citation preview
The Canadian Home Front
Shifting Ties Why did Canada’s closest
relationship shift from Britain to the US?Ogdensburg Agreement, 1940 Established the PJBD
War Time Production Increased production
required infrastructure developments and gave people jobs
Production and exports soared, bringing Canada out of the Great Depression
WLMK gave government strict control over the wartime economy, why?Ensured that industrialists
didn’t fix prices to increase profits
C. D. Howe Minister of Munitions and
SupplyBuilt and maintained Canada’s
wartime economy Auto-industry produced jeeps
and trucksRailcar manufacturers
produced tanksEnsured government had
control over industryResulted in civil service
expansion: ○ 46 000 in 1939 to 116 000 in
1945
Victory Bonds Canadian government needed to
raise money to finance infrastructure expansion
Bonds acted as a loan to the federal government from the populace
11 million people raised $8.8 billion
Wartime Prices and Trade Board Controlled prices,
prevented inflation, distributed resources
People had to use ration cardsLimited amount of
goods people could buy
Meat, tea, sugar, gasoline, major appliances
Conscription? WLMK said conscription
wouldn’t be imposed for OVERSEAS SERVICE
National Resources Mobilization Act, 1940Required men to register
for military service IN CANADA, not overseas
By 1941, Nazi advances in Europe and War in Pacific renewed calls for conscription
Conscription? Plebiscite, April 1942
“not necessarily conscription but conscription if necessary”
Canadians voted to release WLMK from his earlier promise○ 79% Anglophones voted
YES○ 72% Francophones voted
NO
Conscription? Order-in-Council, 1944
Conscription announced WLMK wished to send 16
000 troops overseasProtests in QuebecBut, only 2463 reached
front lines and 79 died by end of WWII
Conscription in WWII was much less divisive than in WWI
Role of Women Shortage of workers, so in 1941
young women were recruited Urban: factory work, welders,
machinists Rural: ran farms By 1943 all women were recruited
Role of Women Gave them new
social positioning Challenged
gender stereotypesWomen no longer
at home, but working in public spaces more
Gendered jobs less appealing (nursing, textiles, teaching)
Role of Women At the end of WWII,
most women gave jobs back to returning soldiers
Some resisted, causing growth in women’s rights movement
“Canada’s Own Rosie” - CBC
Japanese Internment Racist attitudes flared
up against Canadians of Japanese heritageReports of atrocities
from POW campsFears of Japanese
attack (Pearl Harbour)
BC Premier ordered all Japanese males between 18-45 to work camps in 1941 and relocated entire families
Japanese Internment WLMK invokes War
Measures Act in 1942, ordering all people of Japanese decent to camps21 000 people relocated
Human Rights Violation
Discrimination and racism Public apology in 1988
$21 000 to each evacuee still living