The Children of HrinThe Children of Hrin is an epic fantasy novel whichforms the completion of a tale by J. R. R. Tolkien. Hewrote the original version of the story in the late 1910s,revised it several times later, but did not complete it be-fore his death in 1973. His son, Christopher Tolkien,edited the manuscripts to form a consistent narrative, andpublished it in 2007 as an independent work.1 OverviewMain article: The SilmarillionThe history and descent of the main characters are givenas the leading paragraphs of the book, and the back storyis elaborated upon in The Silmarillion. It begins ve hun-dred years before the action of the book, when Morgoth,a Vala and the prime evil power, escapes fromthe BlessedRealmofValinortothenorth-west ofMiddle-earth.From his fortress of Angband he endeavours to gain con-trol of the whole of Middle-earth, unleashing a war withthe Elves that dwell in the land of Beleriand to the south.However, the Elves manage to stay his assault, and mostof their realms remain unconquered; one of the mostpowerful of these is Doriath, ruled by Thingol. In ad-dition, after some time the Noldorin Elves forsake Vali-nor and pursue Morgoth to Middle-earth in order to takevengeance upon him. Together with the Sindar of Bele-riand, they proceed to lay siege to Angband, and establishnew strongholds and realms in Middle-earth, includingHithlum ruled by Fingon, Nargothrond by Finrod Fela-gund and Gondolin by Turgon.Three centuries pass, during which the rst Men appearin Beleriand. These are the Edain, descendants of thoseMen who have rebelled against the rule of Morgoths ser-vants and journeyed westward. Most of the Elves wel-come them, and they are given efs throughout Beleriand.The House of Bor rules over the land of Ladros, theFolk of Haleth retreat to the forest of Brethil, and thelordship of Dor-lmin is granted to the House of Hador.Later, other Men enter Beleriand, the Easterlings, manyof whom are in secret league with Morgoth.Eventually Morgothmanages tobreakthe Siege ofAngband in the Battle of Sudden Flame. The House ofBor is destroyed and the Elves and Edain suer heavylosses; however, many realms remain unconquered, in-cludingDor-lmin, wherethelordshiphaspassedtoHrin Thalion.1.1 SynopsisSee also: Trin Turambar and NienorHrin, lord of Men of the house of Hador in Dor-lmin,marries Morwen Eledhwen and they have two children, ason Trin and a daughter, Lalaith. Trin grows to boy-hood. A kind woodworker in Hrins employ, Sador, be-comes his friend. However a plague from Angband killsLalaith when she is three.In the disastrous defeat of the Battle of UnnumberedTears Hrins brother Hor is killed and Hrin is taken toAngband, stronghold of Morgoth. Morgoth places a curseon Hrins family whereby evil will befall them for theirwhole lives, and imprisons Hrin high on mount Thang-orodrim.At Morgoths command, the allied Easterlings overrunHithlum and Dor-lmin. Morwen, fearing her sons cap-ture, sends Trin to the Elven realm of Doriath for safety.Morwen gives birth to Nienor. In Doriath, Trin is takenas foster-son by King Thingol and becomes a mighty war-rior. He befriends an Elf-archer named Beleg and the twobecome close companions. At one point during his lifewith Beleg on the fringes of the forest Trin returns toThingols court, where his wild and unkempt appearancedraws the scorn of Saeros, a proud Elf who believes thatMen should be kept out of Doriath. After Saeros hurlsa snide insult directed at Trins mother and sister, Trinthrows a dish in Saeross face, injuring him. Saeros, angryover what happened in the hall, attacks Trin frombehindin the woods the next day.Trin overpowers him, how-ever, and strips him, forcing him to run naked throughthe woods shouting for help as Trin pursues him. TheElf Mablung follows them, crying for Trin to stop, butTrin continues chasing Saeros until the terried Elf at-tempts to jump a gorge too wide for him, and falls, dyingin the water below. Mablung, having witnessed only thechase through the woods and not Saeross original assaultupon Trin, believes that Saeros was humiliated withoutprovocation and wishes to bring Trin back to trial inDoriath. Trins pride restrains him from either correct-ing the misunderstanding or submitting to trial, and hechooses rather to leave Doriath and become an outcast.Thingol holds an absentee trial for Trin, and as the onlyevidence is that Trin humiliated Saeros without cause,Thingol is on the verge of outlawing him from Doriathuntil he should choose to return and ask for pardon. Justas the Kings judgment is about to be put into eect, how-12 1 OVERVIEWever, Beleg rushes in late accompanied by an Elf-maidnamed Nellas, who witnessed Saeross assault upon Trinfrom her vantage point in a tree. With Nellass evidencetaken into account, Thingol grants Trin a full pardon,and Beleg leaves Doriath to nd Trin and bid him to re-turn to Doriath.Trin meanwhile joins a band of outlaws in the wild, theGaurwaith or Wolf-folk, of which he later becomes thecaptain.Beleg traces the signs of Trins band, gatheringnews of Trin from those who had seen or heard of him,but the outlaws repeatedly throw o his pursuit.After a year in the wild Beleg succeeds in overtaking theband at a time when Trin is absent. Mistrusting Elvesin general and having become cruel through long livesof self-centered crime, the men mistreat Beleg in an at-tempt to elicit any information he might possess. Afterbeing tortured by the lawless gang for several days, Be-leg is on the verge of death when Trin returns. Trin ishorried to see his friend so maltreated by his own men,and while tending Beleg Trin vows to forsake the eviland cruel habits he has fallen into while among the law-less men, recognizing that his bands senseless cruelty to-wards the innocent Beleg can be traced back to his ownlax standards. When Beleg recovers, he is able to deliverto Trin the message of the kings pardon; Trin is torn,but in spite of Belegs pleas refuses to humble his pride,and will not accept the pardon and return to Doriath. Be-leg then departs in order to participate in battles upon thenorth-marches of Doriath, in spite of Trins request thatBeleg stay by his side.Some time later,Trin and his men capture Mm thePetty-dwarf, who ransoms his life by leading the band tothe caves in the hill of Amon Rdh, where the ancestralhome of the Petty-dwarves is hidden. Despite the unfor-tunate death of Mms son at the hands of one of Trinsband, Mm grows to respect Trin, and the outlaws set upa permanent base in the caves. In Doriath, Beleg decidesagainst his better judgment to return to his friend, and ar-rives at Amon Rdh to a loving reception fromTrin. Theother outlaws resent Belegs presence, however, and Mm,who had earlier proclaimed his enmity towards the Elves,grows to hate him bitterly. Nevertheless, everything pro-ceeds smoothly for a while, the outlaw band gradually in-creases to a great number (though only the original ftymen are allowed entrance to the hidden caves of the Petty-dwarves), and becomes more daring and successful in thewarfare against Morgoths troops. At length, Trin andBeleg even establish the realmof Dor-Carthol, and wordspreads that Beleg and Trin, long unheard-of, have ap-peared again as the captains of a great host.However, Mms hatred towards Beleg eventually reachesa breaking point, and he approaches a band of Orcs withan oer to lead them to the outlaws headquarters onAmon Rdh, in return for the promise of monetary com-pensation. The dwarf leads them to the hidden caves, andTrins company is taken unawares. They retreat to thetop of Amon Rdh to defend themselves, but the entireband are eventually killed, excepting Beleg and Trin,whom the Orcs want alive. They bind Trin and carryhim o towards Angband, while leaving Beleg woundedand helpless, chained to a rock. Mm approaches him af-ter all the Orcs depart and is on the verge of torturing theElf to death, when Andrg, one of the outlaws, who iswounded and had appeared dead, rouses himself enoughto drive Mm away and release Beleg before succumbingto his wounds. Beleg remains in Amon Rdh until hisown wounds are healed, and then, knowing that Trin isnot among the dead and must have been taken captive,follows the company of Orcs.In pursuit of the Orcs, Beleg comes across a mutilated elf,Gwindor of Nargothrond sleeping in the dread forest ofTaur-nu-Fuin. Gwindor had been an Elvish lord beforebeing taken captive and forced to serve in Angband formany years, and Beleg remains with him. They see theOrc company pass by, and entering their camp that nightnd Trin sleeping, and carry him away from the Orcs.When at a safe distance they stop, and Beleg begins tocut Trins bonds with his sword Gurthang, which Beleghad been warned was an evil blade which would not staywith him long.The sword slips in his hand and Trin iscut; and Trin, mistaking Beleg in the dark for an Orcwho had come to torture him, leaps to his feet and killsBeleg with his own sword. When Trin sees Belegs facein a ash of lightning and realizes what he has done, hefalls into a kind of frenzy, not speaking or weeping, butrefusing to leave Belegs body. In the morning Gwindor isable to bury Beleg, but Trin remains crazed and witlesswith grief.Gwindor leads Trin through the wild for months, andTrin remains in a xed state of grief and guilt, not speak-ing, but doing only what Gwindor bids him. At length,however, the two reach Eithel Ivrin, where Trin nallyweeps for Beleg, and is healed. Having regained hissenses, he and Gwindor proceed to Nargothrond, whereGwindor lived before his long imprisonment in Angband.There Trin gains favour with King Orodreth and earnsthe love of his daughter Finduilas, although she was previ-ously engaged to be married to Gwindor, and Trin doesnot reciprocate her romantic feelings. After leading theElves to considerable victories, Trin becomes the chiefcounsellor of Orodreth and eectively commander of allthe forces in Nargothrond.This fuels Trins pride, andhe begins giving extravagant orders which are arrogantand ill-thought-out, and eventually hasten the doom ofNargothrond.Messengers sent from Crdan warn Trin to hide Nar-gothrond from Morgoth, but Trin refused to retract hisrash and prideful plans for full-scale battle,and treatsthe messengers rudely. However, after ve years Mor-goth sends a great force of Orcs under the command of adragon, Glaurung, and defeats the army of Nargothrondon the eld of Tumhalad, where both Gwindor and Oro-dreth are killed. Easily crossing over a great bridge which1.1 Synopsis 3Trin had had built against all counsel, Morgoths forcessack Nargothrond and capture its citizens while its forcesare engaged on the eld of battle. Trin returns just be-fore the prisoners are led away by the Orcs, and in anattempt to prevent this, Trin encounters Glaurung. Thedragon, wielding the evil power of Morgoth, enchants andtricks him into returning to Dor-lmin to seek out hismother and sister instead of rescuing Finduilas and otherprisoners, which, according to the last words of Gwindor,is the only way to avoid his doom.When Trin returns to Dor-lmin, he learns that Morwenand Nienor have long been sheltered in Doriath, and thatGlaurung deceived him into letting Finduilas go to herdeath. An enraged Trin incites a ght among the East-erlings who now inhabit Dor-lmin and is compelled toee once more. He tracks Finduilass captors to the for-est of Brethil, only to learn that she was murdered by theOrcs when the woodmen attempted to rescue the Elvishprisoners. Almost broken by his grief, Trin seeks sanc-tuary among the Folk of Haleth, who maintain a tena-cious resistance against the forces of Morgoth. In BrethilTrin renames himself Turambar, or Master of Doomin High-elven, and gradually overrules the gentle, lameChieftain Brandir.Meanwhile, in Doriath, Morwen and Nienor hear ru-mours of Trins deeds at Nargothrond, and Morwen de-termines either to nd Trin living or hear certain news ofhis death. Against the council of Thingol she rides out ofDoriath alone, and when the king sends a group of Elvesto follow and protect her, Nienor conceals herself amongthe riders and rejoins her mother. Mablung, leading thegroup, does not wish to proceed with Morwens mission,but feels compelled to protect her and Nienor. Whenthey approach Nargothrond, Mablung leaves Morwen andNienor with a group of riders, and takes the rest to explorethe ruins of Nargothrond in the hopes of nding informa-tion about the fall of the city and of Trins fate. Therethey encounter Glaurung, who has established himself inthe ruins of Nargothrond, and he scatters Mablungs forcebefore proceeding to the hill on which the women andElves are waiting. His coming drives all of the horsesmad, and in the frenzy Nienor is separated from all theothers. When she regains the hilltop alone, she comesface-to face with Glaurung, who, upon discovering heridentity, enchants her so that everything she knows is lost,and her mind is made blank.When Mablung returns to the hill alone, also separatedfrom his company, he nds her waiting on the hill like alost child, and is forced to attempt the long journey backto Doriath on foot, leading Nienor by the hand. The twoof them become stranded in the wilderness, and only thearrival of a fewof the other Elves fromthe scattered groupprevents them from starving to death. The few Elves con-tinue their long journey to Doriath, but in an aray witha band of Orcs Nienor runs into the woods and is lost.Eventually she collapses near Brethil on the grave of Find-uilas, where Trin nds her and brings her back to thetown. There she gradually recovers the use of speech, al-though she has no memory of any past life. Brandir fallsin love with her, but though she feels a sisterly aectionfor him, she and Trin develop a strong mutual attraction;Trin has never seen her, and she remembers nothing ofwhat she once knew about her brother, and not realizingtheir kinship, they fall in love. Despite the counsel ofBrandir, they soon marry, and Nienor becomes pregnant.After some time of peace, Glaurung comes to extermi-nate the Men of Brethil. But Turambar leads a perilousexpedition to cut him o, and stabs the dragon from be-neath while he is crossing the ravine of Cabed-en-Aras.Meanwhile, Nienor and several other of the people ofBrethil leave the safety of the town and, wishing to knowwhat transpired between the men and the dragon, jointhe scouts waiting for Turambars return on a hill a shortdistance from where the dragon was stabbed. As Glau-rung is dying on the bank of the ravine, Turambar, whois now alone, pulls his sword from the dragons belly, andthe venomous blood spurts onto his hand and burns him.Overwhelmed with pain and fatigue, he faints. Nienoreventually comes to the place of the battle, followed byBrandir hobbling on his crutch. She takes Turambarsswoon for death and weeps over him, as with a last ef-fort of malice Glaurung opens his eyes, and informs herof the fact that she and her husband are in reality brotherand sister, taunting her with her incestuous pregnancy.Glaurung then dies, and his spell of forgetfulness passesfromher, and she remembers her entire life. Forced to ac-knowledge that the dragons words were true, she throwsherself o the nearby cli into the river Taeglin, and iswashed away, as Brandir watches helplessly. When Tu-rambar wakes and returns to the hill where the scouts arewaiting, Brandir bitterly informs him of Nienors deathand of hers and Turambars true relationship as siblings,concerning which he overheard the dragons words.Be-lieving that Brandir has concocted the story as a lie stem-ming from jealousy of Nienors love for Trin, Trin killsBrandir, who declares before dying his hope that he willrejoin Nienor across the sea, which only further infuri-ates Trin. However, running crazed into the wild, Trinmeets Mablung, who has been seeking Nienor for years;as well as Morwen, who was never found after Glaurungsscattering of the Elvish company. Mablung, withoutknowing anything that has transpired since Nienor waslost in the woods, innocently conrms Brandirs tale. Af-ter Trin has learned all the terrible truth from Mablung,he returns to the place where Nienor threw herself fromthe cli, and takes his own life upon the sword, Gurthang,which killed Beleg so many years before.The main part of the narrative ends with the burial ofTrin. Appended to this is an extract from The Wan-derings of Hrin, the next tale of Tolkiens legendarium.This recounts how Hrin is at last released by Morgothand comes to the grave of his children. There he ndsMorwen, who has also managed to nd the place, but nowdies in the arms of her husband with the following sunset.4 2 PUBLICATION HISTORY2 Publication historyThe Children of Hrin was published on 17 April 2007, byHarperCollins in the United Kingdom and Canada, andby Houghton Miin in the United States. Alan Lee, il-lustrator of other fantasy works by J. R. R. Tolkien (TheHobbit andTheLordoftheRings) created the jacketpainting, aswell astheillustrationswithinthebook.Christopher Tolkien also included an excursus on the evo-lution of the tale, several genealogical tables, and a re-drawn map of Beleriand.J.R.R. Tolkien wrote that the setting is intended to beour Earth several thousand years ago,[1] although the ge-ographical and historical correspondence with the realworld is tenuous. The lands of Middle-earth were popu-lated by Men and other humanoid races: Elves, Dwarves,and Orcs, as well as divine beings, Valar and Maiar. Thestory concentrates on a man of the House of Hador, TrinTurambar, and his sister Ninor Nniel, who are cursedalong with their father Hrin by the Dark Lord Morgoth.The events take place more than 6,500 years before theWar of the Ring.According to the Tolkien Estate:The Childrenof Hrintakesthereaderback to a time long beforeTheLordoftheRings, inanareaofMiddle-earththat wasto be drowned before Hobbits appeared, andwhen the great enemy was still the fallen Vala,Morgoth, and Sauron was only Morgoths lieu-tenant. This heroic romance is the tale of theMan, Hrin, who dared to defy Morgoth, andhis familys tragic destiny, as it follows his sonTrin Turambars travels through the lost worldof Beleriand...[2]2.1 InuencesThe story is mainly based on the legend of Kullervo,a character from the Finnish folklore poems known asKalevala. Tolkien drew inspiration from the Kalevala forThe Story of Kullervo in 1914, which was to becomethe model for his tale of Trin.[3] Trin also resemblesSigmund, the father of Sigurd in the Volsunga saga, in theincestuous relationship he had with his sister. In RichardWagner's opera, Die Walkre (also drawn in part fromthe Volsung myths), Siegmund and Sieglinde are paral-lels of Trin and Nienor. Trin further resembles Sigurdhimself, as both achieve great renown for the slaying of adragon of immense power and magic.Trins resemblance to gures fromClassical andMedieval tales can be conrmedby a letter whichTolkienwrotetoMiltonWaldman, apublisherfromHarperCollins, concerning the fate of his works:There is the Children of Hrin, the tragictale of Trin Turambar and his sister Nniel of which Trin is the hero: a gure that mightbe said (by people who like that sort of thing,though it is not very useful) to be derived fromelements in Sigurd the Volsung, Oedipus, andthe Finnish Kullervo.[4]The moral issues inTheChildrenofHrin have beencompared to Tolkiens analysis of The Battle of Maldonthat shows Tolkiens interest in the theory of courage,[5]anddistinguishbetweenarroganceandtruecourage.Trins decision to build a bridge at Nargothrond whichenables the invasion by Morgoths forces resembles thecharacter Byrthtnoth from The Battle of Maldon.[6]2.2 Themes and interpretationThe themes explored in the story include evil, free willand predestination. The book reects also on heroismand courage. It has been suggested that Trins characteris not only shaped by Morgoths curse but that he himselfis also partly responsible for his actions.The curse can-not completely control his free will, and Trin displaystraits like arrogance, pride and a desire for honour, thateventually cause the doom of his allies and family.[7]2.3 WritingSee also: Narn i Chn HrinA brief version of the story formed the base of chapterXXI of The Silmarillion, setting the tale in the context ofthe wars of Beleriand. Although based on the same textsused to complete the new book, the Silmarillion accountleaves out the greater part of the tale.Other incomplete versions have been published in otherworks:The Narn i Hn Hrin in Unnished Tales.Items in the History of Middle-earth series, includ-ing:Turambar and the Foalk, from The Book ofLost TalesThe Lay of the Children of Hrin, an early nar-rative poem.None of these writings forms a complete and mature nar-rative. The published Children of Hrin is essentially asynthesis of the Narn and of the account found in the Sil-marillion. The rst part of The Children of Hurin (chap-ters I to VII) is taken directly from theNarn with theexception of the Nrnaeth Arnoediad (chapter II), whichactually forms the twentieth chapter of the Silmarillion;both in the Narn and in the much compressed Silmarillion5version (Of Turin Turambar), this battle is only brieymentioned.In the middle section (chapters VII to XII), that is, fromthe end of Trins residing on Amon Rdh to his re-turn to Dor-lmin,material is mostly drawn from theSilmarillion but is often supplemented with more com-plete but disconnected passages from the Narn (providedby Christopher Tolkien in the Appendix of theUnn-ishedTales). Such more developed scenes include theexploits of the outlaws in Dor-Carthol, Trins roman-tic connection with Finduilas, his debate with Gwindorover the strategy that the Elves of Nargothrond were toadopt in their ght against Morgoth, as well as a muchexpanded account of the coming of the Elves Gelmir andArminas to the halls of Narog. Some minor editorial pro-cess has been needed mostly to provide smooth transi-tions.The last section (chapters XII to XVIII) comes ex-clusively from the Narn, with the addition, at the end ofthe last chapter, of Hrins release fromAngband, and hislast words to Morwen.2.3.1 Editorial processWith the publication of The Children of Hrin, Christo-pher Tolkien quotes his fathers own words on his ctionaluniverse:once upon a time... I had in mind to makea body of more or less connected legend... Iwould draw some of the great tales in fullness,and leave many only placed in the scheme, andsketched.[8]Christopher Tolkien gives this apology for his exercise ofhis authorized editorial function to produce this work ofhis father:...it has seemed to me that there was a goodcase for presenting my fathers long version ofthe legend of the Children of Hrin as an inde-pendent work, between its own covers, with aminimum of editorial presence, and above allin continuous narrative without gaps or inter-ruptions, if this could be done without distor-tion or invention, despite the unnished state inwhich he left parts of it.[9]Ethan Gilsdorf reviewing The Children of Hrin wrote ofthe editorial function:Of almost equal interest is ChristopherTolkiens task editing his fathers abandonedprojects. In his appendix, he explains his ed-itorial process this way:While I have had tointroduce bridging passages here and there inthe piecing together of dierent drafts, thereis no element of extraneous 'invention' of anykind, however slight. He was criticized forhaving monkeyed with his fathers text whenputting The Silmarillion together.This pre-emptive strike must be meant to allay the fearsof Tolkiens most persnickety readers.[10]Christopher Tolkien explains how the compilation of TheChildren of Hrin was achieved:In the Unnished Tales there is a third gapin the narrative on p.96: the story breaks oat the point where Beleg, having at last foundTrin among the outlaws, cannot persuade himto return to Doriath (pp. 115-119 in the newtext), and does not take up again until the out-laws encounter the Petty-dwarves. Here I haveagain referred to The Silmarillion for the llingof the gap...[11]Christopher Tolkien elaborates in theUnnishedTalesconcerning his use of the Narn and of the Silmarillionin order to achieve a complete account of Trins tale:I have contrived a narrative, in scale com-mensurate with other parts of the Narn out ofthe existing materials (with one gap, see p. 124and note 12); but from that point onwards (seep.135), I have found it unprotable to attemptit. The gaps in the Narn are here too large, andcould only be lled from the published text ofThe Silmarillion; but in an Appendix (pp. 193.) I have cited isolated fragments from thispart of the projected larger narrative.[12]3 ReceptionThe initial reviews following the publication of The Chil-drenofHrin were mostly positive. Likening it to aGreek tragedy,The Washington Post called it a bleak,darkly beautiful tale which possesses the mythic reso-nance and grim sense of inexorable fate.[13] A positivereview was carried by The Independent (UK) (dry, mad,humourless, hard-goingandcompletelybrilliant).[14]Bryan Appleyard of The Sunday Times (UK) set The Chil-dren of Hrin above other writings of Tolkien, noting itsintense and very grown-up manner and a real feelingof high seriousness.[15] Maurice Chittenden of The Sun-day Times, said that it may merit an X-certicate dueto the amount of violent deaths.[16]ThebookreceivednegativereviewsfromtheDetroitFree Press (dull and unnished),[17]EntertainmentWeekly (awkward and immature, impenetrable forestof names ... overstued with strangled syntax),[18] andTheGuardian (a derivative Wagnerian hero ... on aquasi-symbolic quest).[19]6 4 REFERENCESOther critics distinguished two audiences. Tom Devesonof The Sunday Times said that although J.R.R Tolkienacionados will be thrilled, others will nd The ChildrenofHurin barely readable.[20]Kelly Grovier fromTheObserver, on the other hand, stated that it will pleaseall but the most puritanical of his fans, referring to thescepticism about Christopher Tolkiens involvement.[21]Jeremy Marshall of The Times generally echoed: It isworthy of a readership beyond Tolkien devotees, al-though he thought it was awed (occasionally the prose istoo stilted, the dialogue too portentous, the unexplainednames too opaque).He also presupposed that: In TheChildren of Hrin we could at last have the successor toThe Lord of the Rings that was so earnestly and hopelesslysought by Tolkiens publishers in the late 1950s.[22]3.1 SalesIllustrator Alan Lee signing copies of The Children of HrinThe Children of Hrin debuted at number one on The NewYork Times Hardcover Fiction Best Seller list.[23]According to Houghton Miin, the U.S. publisher,already 900,000 copies were in print worldwide inthe rst two weeks, double the initial expectations ofthepublishers.[24]HarperCollins, theU.K. publisher,claimed 330,000 copies were in print in the U.K. in therst two weeks.[24]4 ReferencesNotes[1] Carpenter 1981, letter No. 211[2] The Children of Hrin. Tolkien Estate. Retrieved2013-03-06.[3] Shippey, Tom (2004). Tolkien and the Appeal of thePagan. In Chance, Jane. Tolkien and the Invention ofMyth. University Press of Kentucky. pp. 155, 156. ISBN9780813123011.[4] Carpenter 1981, letter No. 131[5] Solopova 2009, p. 48, citing West, R. C. (2000). TrinsOfermod: An Old English Theme in the Development ofthe Story of Trin. In Flieger, Verlyn; Hostetter, Carl F.Tolkiens Legendarium: Essays on the History of Middle-earth. Greenwood Press. pp. 233245.[6] Solopova 2009, p. 48[7] Solopova 2009, pp. 4647[8] J R R Tolkien, edited by Christopher Tolkien, The Chil-dren of Hrin, Houghton Miin, Boston, 2007. ISBN0-618-89464-0, p.9[9] J.R.R. Tolkien, Christopher Tolkien, editor, The Childrenof Hrin, p.7[10] The Boston Globe Book Review of The Children of Hrinby Ethan Gilsdorf, 26 April 2007.[11] J R R Tolkien, edited by Christopher Tolkien, The Chil-dren of Hrin, Ballantine Books, New York, 2010. ISBN0-345-51884-5, p. 286[12] J R R Tolkien, edited by Christopher Tolkien, UnnishedTales, HarperCollins, 2009. ISBN 0-007-32257-7, p.9[13] Hand, Elizabeth (27 April 2007). The Return of theKing. The Washington Post. Retrieved 2007-09-22.[14] Boyce, Frank Cottrell (18 April 2007). Spreading theelsh gene. The Independent. Archived fromthe originalon 20 May 2007. Retrieved 2007-09-22.[15] Appleyard, Bryan (8 April 2007). What took them solong?". The Sunday Times. Retrieved 2007-09-22.[16] Chittenden, Maurice(24September2006). X-ratedTolkien: its not for the kiddies. The Sunday Times. Re-trieved 2007-09-22.[17] Salij, Marta (18 April 2007). Just kick the hobbit anddon't suer 'The Children of Hurin'". Detroit Free Press.Retrieved 2008-06-08.[18] Giles, Je (17 April 2007). The Children of Hrin.Entertainment Weekly. Retrieved 2007-09-22.[19] Crace, John (24 April 2007). The Children of Hrin byJRR Tolkien. The Guardian. Retrieved 2007-09-22.[20] Deveson, Tom (15 April 2007). Away with the fairies.The Sunday Times. Retrieved 2007-09-22.[21] Grovier, Kelly (27 April 2007). In the name of the fa-ther. The Observer. Retrieved 2007-09-22.[22] Marshall, Jeremy(14April 2007). Tolkien, beforeBilbo. The Times. Retrieved 2007-09-22.[23] The New York Times: Books-Best-Seller Lists. TheNew York Times. 4 May 2007. Retrieved 2007-05-04.[24] Italie, Hillel (1 May 2007). Sales soar for new Tolkiennovel. Associated Press. Retrieved 2007-11-17.Works cited7Carpenter, Humphrey, ed. (1981), The Letters ofJ. R. R. Tolkien, Boston: Houghton Miin, ISBN0-395-31555-7Solopova, Elizabeth (2009), Languages, Myths andHistory: An Introduction to the Linguistic andLiterary Background of J.R.R. Tolkiens Fiction,New York City: North Landing Books, ISBN 0-9816607-1-15 External linksStatement about the book by the Tolkien EstateFAQ on the subject of The Children of Hrin by theTolkien EstateStatement about the book by HarperCollinsInterview about the book with Adam Tolkien (inSpanish but with an English version at the bottomof the page)AnintroductionandbackgroundonthebookatTolkien-Online.comThe Children of Hrin FAQThe Children of Hrin with analysis and reviews8 6 TEXT AND IMAGE SOURCES, CONTRIBUTORS, AND LICENSES6 Text and image sources, contributors, and licenses6.1 Text The Children of Hrin Source: https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/The_Children_of_H%C3%BArin?oldid=669593043 Contributors: Paul A,Furrykef, Robbot, Jor, David Gerard, Gwalla, Gamaliel, Andycjp, Flex, D6, Rich Farmbrough, Dbachmann, Zaslav, CanisRufus, Thu, Phei-dias, Zetawoof, Uucp, Ceyockey, Carcharoth, Duncan.france, Colin Watson, Rjwilmsi, Nightscream, Amire80, Quiddity, BlueMoonlet,Himasaram, Elmer Clark, DannyZ, Str1977, Chobot, Roboto de Ajvol, Thiseye, Manraviel, Ms2ger, Pegship, Rfsmit, Andrew Lancaster,Richard Hallas, Enakar, Attilios, SmackBot, Red-Blue-White, Uthanc, GwydionM, Kevinalewis, Macdu, Psiphiorg, Bazonka, DonnEd-wards, MisterHand, Alanlastufka, Mirlen, Gildir, Qmwne235, T-dot, John, OliverWKim, Euchiasmus, IronGargoyle, Grandpafootsoldier,Davemon, Galadh, Eluchil404, Pink Fae, Aherunar, Randalllin, Michaelsanders, GuyFromChicago, Cydebot, MC10, TheCyanid, RobertaF., Kingstowngalway, Thijs!bot, Caedus, Picus viridis, Eilev G. Myhren~enwiki, AgentPeppermint, JimDunning, Narl Palrfalas, Lor-can.doyle, JAnDbot, .anacondabot, Connormah, Mclay1, Hans Persson, Flami72, Jfredrickson, GimliDotNet, KTo288, Darin-0, Sisu99,Bhojpuri, STBotD, VolkovBot, MikeLondon, Mogwit, Dom Kaos, Mercurywoodrose, Vi Veri Veniversum Vivus Vici, Elphion, Talk ape,Broadbot, Psyche825, BotKung, PateraIncus, Tttom, Judicial, NinjaRobotPirate, Iceage77, Amsmith0903, Sayan241, Solicitr, YLSS,SieBot, Charleys2004, PauloIapetus, Randy Kryn, De728631, Googlyelmo, Olenia Olyosia, Eruhil, Blanchardb, Trivialist, DragonBot,Howdoesitee, Miuq, Addbot, BrainMarble, Setanta747, Tide rolls, Lightbot, NeoBatfreak, Odder, Luckas-bot, Yobot, AnomieBOT,Tobz0r, The sock that should not be, Mfybht, RibotBOT, Winterwater, Eomund, Mickfelagund~enwiki, Bgpaulus, CobraBot, Jhender-son777, Reach Out to the Truth, Ethanfreak, Ajraddatz, Ncsr11, Patsfan1994, Faolin42, Princess Lirin, Kjosh61, H3llBot, Glimmer721,SporkBot, Catholic nerd, Iiii I I I, Braincricket, Bdlp, Helpful Pixie Bot, MahdiBot, ChrisGualtieri, Comatmebro, Khazar2, ArmbrustBot,OccultZone, Turin96, An Unexpected Journey and Anonymous: 1276.2 Images File:Alan_Lee_signing_The_Children_of_Hrin.jpg Source: https://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/6/66/Alan_Lee_signing_The_Children_of_H%C3%BArin.jpg License: CC BY 2.0 Contributors: The Children of Tolkien Original artist: Danie Ware File:Arda.Tengwar.svg Source: https://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/7/77/Arda.Tengwar.svg License: Public domain Con-tributors: Own work Original artist: Pmx File:Edit-clear.svgSource: https://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/en/f/f2/Edit-clear.svgLicense: Public domainContributors: TheTango! 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