The Circulatory System Mr. Gerlach’s 7 th Grade Health Education

The Circulatory The Circulatory SystemSystem

Mr. Gerlach’sMr. Gerlach’s

77thth Grade Grade

Health EducationHealth Education

An Overview of the Circulatory An Overview of the Circulatory SystemSystem

►Check out how the heart works on the Check out how the heart works on the Web!!Web!!

►How the Heart WorksHow the Heart Works

Where the Heart is locatedWhere the Heart is located

Circulatory or Cardiovascular Circulatory or Cardiovascular SystemSystem

►Circulatory System – Circulatory System – Keeps the body Keeps the body working by delivering oxygen to body working by delivering oxygen to body cells and removing waste (Co2) from cells and removing waste (Co2) from the cells.the cells.

Removing

Delivering

Parts of the Circulatory Parts of the Circulatory SystemSystem

►The Heart - is divided into The Heart - is divided into FOURFOUR ChambersChambers

Two Two types of Arteriestypes of Arteries

► Arteries start with Arteries start with AA takes blood away !!takes blood away !!

► Aorta – Aorta – Largest blood Largest blood vessel in the heartvessel in the heart

► Pulmonary Artery – Pulmonary Artery – Carries blood Carries blood containing carbon containing carbon dioxide from your heart dioxide from your heart to your lungsto your lungs

Three Types of VeinsThree Types of Veins

► Veins start with Veins start with V V bringsbrings blood back blood back to me to me 1. Inferior Vena Cava – 1. Inferior Vena Cava –

Where the Where the blood enters blood enters the heartthe heart from the body. from the body.

2. Superior Vena Cava – 2. Superior Vena Cava – Where the Where the blood enters blood enters the heartthe heart from the body. from the body.

3. Pulmonary Vein – 3. Pulmonary Vein – Carries blood-containing Carries blood-containing oxygen from your lungs oxygen from your lungs to your heart.to your heart.

The Four Valves of the HeartThe Four Valves of the Heart

► Tricuspid Valve – Tricuspid Valve – Lets the blood fill in Lets the blood fill in the right atrium the right atrium before it enters the before it enters the rightright ventricle. ventricle.

► Bicuspid Valve – Bicuspid Valve – Lets the blood fill in Lets the blood fill in the left atrium the left atrium before it enters the before it enters the left ventricleleft ventricle

The Four Valves of the HeartThe Four Valves of the Heart

► Right Semi lunar Right Semi lunar Valve-Valve- Lets the Lets the right right ventricle fill before ventricle fill before releasing the blood into releasing the blood into the pulmonary artery.the pulmonary artery.

► Left Semi lunar Left Semi lunar Valve –Valve – Lets the Lets the blood blood fill in the left ventricle fill in the left ventricle before sending it to the before sending it to the aortaaorta

► SeptumSeptum –– Divides the Divides the heart in halfheart in half

Three Kinds of Blood VesselsThree Kinds of Blood Vessels

►Arteries – Arteries – Carries blood away from the Carries blood away from the heartheart

►Veins – Veins – Carries blood back to the heartCarries blood back to the heart►Capillaries – Capillaries – Delivers low-oxygen blood Delivers low-oxygen blood

to veins (Smallest)to veins (Smallest)

Video of the Valves of the Video of the Valves of the HeartHeart

►The Valves of the HeartThe Valves of the Heart

Parts of the BloodParts of the Blood► Red Blood Cells –Red Blood Cells – Made in Made in

bone marrow; carries bone marrow; carries oxygen, food, and rids body oxygen, food, and rids body of CO2 and Wasteof CO2 and Waste

► White Blood Cells –White Blood Cells – Help Help fight disease and infectionfight disease and infection by destroying bacteria and by destroying bacteria and germs that enter the body. germs that enter the body. Made in the lymph nodesMade in the lymph nodes

Parts of the BloodParts of the Blood

► Platelets –Platelets – Help Help blood to clot,blood to clot, to to prevent excess prevent excess bleeding.bleeding.

► Plasma –Plasma – Water Water portion of the bloodportion of the blood; ; 55% of blood is 55% of blood is plasmaplasma

FourFour Types of Blood Types of Blood►Type A:Type A: 42%42% Accepts A and O Accepts A and O►Type B:Type B: 10%10% Accepts B and O Accepts B and O►Type AB:Type AB: 3%3% Accepts AB and O Accepts AB and O►Type O:Type O: 45% Universal Donor45% Universal Donor►RH FactorRH Factor = = is the + and – of the is the + and – of the

bloodblood

Four Four Filters of the BloodFilters of the Blood1.1. LiverLiver

2.2. KidneysKidneys

3.3. Lymph Lymph NodesNodes – – located in located in the neckthe neck

4. Spleen –4. Spleen – Cemetery Cemetery for the red for the red blood cellsblood cells

How Blood Moves Through the How Blood Moves Through the HeartHeart

How Blood Moves Through the How Blood Moves Through the HeartHeart

Blood DisordersBlood Disorders

Blood Pressure:Blood Pressure: (Hypertension)(Hypertension)

The force or pressure The force or pressure developed by the heart, developed by the heart, which acts to pump which acts to pump blood through the blood through the circulatory system.circulatory system.

Blood PressureBlood Pressure

Two Distinct Two Distinct pressures that are pressures that are

measured!!measured!!

Systolic:Systolic: A measure of the A measure of the maximum forcemaximum force or or pressure developed in the pressure developed in the arteries when the heart arteries when the heart contractscontracts

Diastolic:Diastolic: A measure of the A measure of the lowest pressurelowest pressure, which , which occur in the arteries occur in the arteries during cardiac relaxation.during cardiac relaxation.


High Blood High Blood Pressure:Pressure: Continuous Continuous elevation of blood elevation of blood pressure above the pressure above the normal range.normal range.

Ex. 140/90Ex. 140/90


► Sphygmomanometer:Sphygmomanometer: An instrument used to An instrument used to measure blood pressure.measure blood pressure.

► Stethoscope:Stethoscope: An An instrument used to listen instrument used to listen to the sounds of the to the sounds of the heart, or listen to the heart, or listen to the flow of blood through the flow of blood through the vessels when measuring vessels when measuring the blood pressure.the blood pressure.

High Blood Pressure VideoHigh Blood Pressure Video

►Health Animations - High Blood Health Animations - High Blood PressurePressure

ArteriosclerosisArteriosclerosis

►Arteriosclerosis:Arteriosclerosis: Artery walls harden; Artery walls harden; caused by a diet caused by a diet high in fat and high in fat and cholesterol.cholesterol.

► Causes:Causes: SmokingSmoking DiabetesDiabetes High Blood PressureHigh Blood Pressure High CholesterolHigh Cholesterol OverweightOverweight


►ArteriosclerosisArteriosclerosis

- We will watch how arteriosclerosis - We will watch how arteriosclerosis builds up on the walls of an artery.builds up on the walls of an artery.

- Overview of the Circulatory system.- Overview of the Circulatory system.

Overview of the Circulatory SystemOverview of the Circulatory System


► Prevention: Prevention: Reduce the amount Reduce the amount

of stress in your of stress in your everyday lifeeveryday life

Change diet to Change diet to reduce the amount reduce the amount of sodium, fats and of sodium, fats and cholesterol.cholesterol.

Regular Medical Regular Medical checkups checkups

► Treatment:Treatment: Medication Medication ExerciseExercise

Diseases and Disorders of the Diseases and Disorders of the Circulatory SystemCirculatory System

►Heart Attack:Heart Attack: Stoppage in the flow of Stoppage in the flow of blood to the heart.blood to the heart.

►Prevention:Prevention: Reduce StressReduce Stress Change Diet to less intake of Sodium Change Diet to less intake of Sodium

(Salt)(Salt) Eat less foods high in fat and cholesterolEat less foods high in fat and cholesterol


►Anemia:Anemia: Lack of red blood cells or cells Lack of red blood cells or cells that do not carry enough oxygen;that do not carry enough oxygen; may may cause weakness and low energy levels.cause weakness and low energy levels.

►Prevention:Prevention: Eat foods that are rich Eat foods that are rich in Ironin Iron Treatment: RestTreatment: Rest


► Sickle Cell Anemia:Sickle Cell Anemia: Your blood is unable Your blood is unable to circulate properly.to circulate properly.

► There is no There is no prevention for sickle-prevention for sickle-cell anemia since you cell anemia since you are born with it.are born with it.

► Treatments:Treatments: Blood TransfusionsBlood Transfusions MedicationMedication

►Normal Blood CellNormal Blood Cell

► Sickle CellSickle Cell


►Mononucleosis:Mononucleosis: A A viral infection; with viral infection; with symptoms of sore symptoms of sore throat, swollen throat, swollen glands and fatigue.glands and fatigue.

► Prevention:Prevention: Avoid human salivaAvoid human saliva

► Treatment:Treatment: Bed RestBed Rest


► Leukemia:Leukemia: Abnormal white Abnormal white blood cellsblood cells In time they may In time they may

crowd out normal crowd out normal white blood cells, white blood cells, red blood cells, red blood cells, and platelets.and platelets.


►Stroke:Stroke: Happens when a cluster of Happens when a cluster of blood cells blocks blood vessels in the blood cells blocks blood vessels in the brain.brain.

► Stroke Stroke Stroke is a “Brain Attack” Stroke is a “Brain Attack”


►Prevention:Prevention: Don’t SmokeDon’t Smoke Drink in moderation (21)Drink in moderation (21) Get cholesterol checkedGet cholesterol checked Exercise 30 minutes dailyExercise 30 minutes daily Consume a low fat dietConsume a low fat diet

►Treatment:Treatment: MedicationMedication RehabilitationRehabilitation


►HemophiliaHemophilia: : Blood Blood does not clot does not clot properlyproperly

► Prevention:Prevention: No prevention, you No prevention, you

are born a are born a hemophiliachemophiliac

► Treatment:Treatment:

Transfusions of blood Transfusions of blood clotting factors.clotting factors.


►Kidney Failure:Kidney Failure: The inability of The inability of kidneys to function, kidneys to function, resulting in resulting in accumulation of accumulation of fluid and waste fluid and waste products in the products in the body.body.

► Picture is graphic!!Picture is graphic!!

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The Circulatory System Mr. Gerlach’s 7 th Grade Health Education