The Citizen Society and the State in China. IV. Citizens, Society, and the State..15% A. Cleavages...
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The Citizen Society and the State in China. IV. Citizens, Society, and the State..15% A. Cleavages and politics (ethic, racial, class, gender, religious,
IV. Citizens, Society, and the State..15% A. Cleavages and
politics (ethic, racial, class, gender, religious, regional) B.
Civil society and social capital C. Media roles D. Political
participation (forms/modes/trends) including political violence E.
Social movements F. Citizenship and representation
Slide 3
Political Participation and civil society.. Which are NOT the
same thing Figure 1 The Nonprofit, Philanthropic Sector in China
(the size of the circles is meant to suggest the relative size of
each group) The nonprofit sector in theory refers to legal social
institutions (shehui zuzhi ) registered with the Civil Affairs
bureaucracy. There are three categories of these social
institutions: 1. Social Organizations (SOs, shehui tuanti, ), which
are similar to membership associations in the U.S.; 2. Civil
Non-Enterprise Institutions (CNIs, minban feiqiye danwei, ), which
are similar to service providers such as schools for migrant
children or the handicapped; 3. Foundations (jijinhui, ).
Slide 4
vehicles to gain support for policies and to mobilize the
masses for implementing policies. The enormous membership and
widespread extension of the networks from these mass organizations
assure participation in political action by millions Mass
organizations: State controlled interest groups The 3 largest are
the All-China federation of Trade Unions, the CYL and the All-China
Women's Federation All-China Women's Federation Established in
March 1949, it is an organization of women who are a major force in
building socialism with Chinese characteristics. It works hard to
unite and educate women, implement the basic lines of the CPC and
play an active role in the building of socialist material and
spiritual civilizations. The basic functions of the federation are
to represent and safeguard the rights and interests of women and
promote the equality between men and women.
Slide 5
How did the policy work? methods employed to enforce Chinas
one-child policy vary by province. Usually, couples are fined an
exorbitant amount that puts a second child out of financial reach.
Couples who bear a child without paying the fines are unable to
register their children. These children are regarded as non-persons
by the state and cannot access most public services, including
education, healthcare, and even employment. In addition to that,
the woman or the couple may face job loss, loss of business
licenses, loss of driving licenses, expulsion from the Communist
Party, refusal of loans, and denial of passports Chinas One Child
Policy
Slide 6
Slide 7
Sex ratio at birth in mainland China, males per 100 females,
19802010.
Slide 8
Slide 9
China faces growing sex imbalance More than 24 million Chinese
men of marrying age could find themselves without spouses by 2020,
says the Chinese Academy of Social Sciences. BBC Jan 11, 2010 The
gender imbalance among newborns is the most serious demographic
problem for the country's population of 1.3 billion, says the
academy. It cites sex-specific abortions as a major factor, due to
China's traditional bias towards male children. The academy says
gender selection abortions are "extremely common". This is
especially true in rural areas, and ultra-sound scans, first
introduced in the late 1980s, have increased the practice
Slide 10
Meet China's 'Little Emperors': The Pessimistic Generation That
Could Derail the Economy By Michelle FlorCruz @mflorcruz
[email protected] on January 14 2013 12:52 PM ESTMichelle
FlorCruz @mflorcruz [email protected] China's three-decade-old
population-control system in urban areas, the so called One Child
policy, has created a new population of Chinese that some experts
are saying puts the nation's economy at risk. But who are the
people who could jeopardize China's future? According to a new
study, they are "Little Emperors": single children, usually men,
who grow up to be "significantly less trusting, less trustworthy,
more risk-averse" than people born before the policy took effect.
The new study from Australias Monash University and the Australian
National University, based on the research of Nisvan Erkal, is
called "Little Emperors: Behavioral Impacts of China's One-Child
Policy."
28 December 2013 Last updated at 03:46 ET China formally eases
one-child policy The one-child policy has been strictly enforced,
but has become unpopular China's top legislature has formally
adopted a resolution easing the country's one-child policy, the
state news agency Xinhua reports. The Standing Committee of the
National People's Congress passed a resolution allowing couples to
have two children if either parent is an only child. A proposal to
abolish re-education through labour camps was also approved. The
changes in policy were announced following a meeting of top
Communist Party officials in November. The reforms, which came at
the end of a six-day meeting of the congress, have already been
tested in parts of the country.
Slide 13
Two kids? Thanks but no say some Chinese By Katie Hunt,
CNNKatie Hunt Updated 3:34 AM ET, Tue January 13, 2015 Hong Kong
(CNN)A year ago, China relaxed its controversial one-child policy,
allowing couples to have a second baby if the mother or father was
an only child themselves...... The financial burden of another
child is often cited as a main reason for not taking advantage of
the policy changeA year ago
Slide 14
How does China Control Civil Society
Slide 15
Wary of Egypt Unrest, China Censors Web What were the tactics:
Use official news agency to reshape the story so the news is only
about getting Chinese out of the chaos, or editorials about how
chaos shows what happens when you plant democracy when not ready or
cast as anti-government rioters block key word searches for
Egypt
Slide 16
Control of the media
Slide 17
Slide 18
Slide 19
After the July 2009 rmqi riots, China shut down most of the
domestic microblogging services including the first weibo service
Fanfou. Many popular non China-based microblogging services like
Twitter, Facebook, and Plurk have been blocked from viewing since
then. It was considered to be an opportunity to Sina's CEO Charles
Chao. [9][10] SINA Corporation launched the tested version of Sina
Weibo on 14 August 2009. Basic functions including message, private
message, comment and re-post were made possible in September 2009.
A Sina Weibo-compatible API platform for developing third- party
applications was launched on 28 July 2010. [1]July 2009 rmqi
riotsPlurkblockedCharles Chao [9][10]API [1] Weibo: China tries but
can it control its netizens?