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The Civil Rights Movement. Non- Violent Civil Disobedience. “We must be the change we wish to see in the world.” Mohandas (Mahatma) K. Gandhi. “one has a moral responsibility to disobey unjust laws. I would agree with St. Augustine that "an unjust law is no law at all“ - PowerPoint PPT Presentation
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The Civil Rights Movement
The Roots• Slavery in America- Triangle Trade• Abolitionist Movement- Douglass, Tubman, etc• Civil War and Reconstruction- Freedmen’s
Bureau, Voting Restrictions• Jim Crow takes over the South- State Laws• Plessy v Ferguson- “Separate but Equal?”• Booker T. Washington v W.E.B. DuBois• Truman Desegregates the Military-1947 p. 719-720
• Jackie Robinson plays a baseball game-1947
Who started the modern civil rights movement?
Brown v. Board of Education p. 738
Separate is automatically unequal!Unanimous Decision (9-0)Overturned Plessy v FergusonSchool Integration- The beginning of the end
for Jim CrowThurgood Marshall Argues the Case- Later
becomes the first African American member of the Supreme Court
But would the decision be enforced?
You don’t have to have a title to be a leader!- Rosa Parks starts the Montgomery Bus Boycott p.740-741
Non- Violent Civil Disobedience p. 740-741
“We must be the change we wish to see in the world.” Mohandas (Mahatma) K. Gandhi
“one has a moral responsibility to disobey unjust laws. I would agree with St. Augustine that "an unjust law is no law at all“
Martin Luther King Jr
“We the People…”
14th Amendment
Little Rock, Arkansas -1957 p. 739-740
President Eisenhower sends in the troops to enforce the Supreme Court’s Decision p. 739-740
You don’t need to know their names to know what they did! P. 790
Freedom
Riders
Fighting for the 15th Amendment
Mississsippi “Burning”
Martin Luther King'sLetter from Birmingham Jail
• “We know through painful experience that freedom is never voluntarily given by the oppressor; it must be demanded by the oppressed. Frankly, I have yet to engage in a direct-action campaign that was "well timed" in the view of those who have not suffered unduly from the disease of segregation. For years now I have heard the word "Wait!" It rings in the ear of every Negro with piercing familiarity. This "Wait" has almost always meant 'Never." We must come to see, with one of our distinguished jurists, that "justice too long delayed is justice denied."
Martin Luther King Jr.
• Montgomery Bus Boycott
• Letter from a Birmingham Jail
• March to Selma• March on Washington• Winner of Noble
Peace Prize• Assassinated 1968
March on Washington- 1963
“I Had a Dream” Speech
Leading Civil Rights Organizations• NAACP- National Association for the Advancement of Colored People• SCLC- Southern Christian Leadership Conference p. 791
• CORE- Congress of Racial Equality• SNCC- Student Non- Violent Coordinating Committee• Urban League• Black Muslims p. 806
• Black Panthers p. 807
Leaders who died!• Malcolm X p. 806 Medgar Evers Freedom Riders p.790
Selma
Government Response to the Civil Rights Movement
President Kennedy• “Affirmative Action” to
guarantee equal opportunity for all American citizens.
• Equal Pay Act – 1963• Criticized for Going too
Slow
President Johnson’s Actions• Civil Rights Act of 1964-
No Segregation of Public Places
• Voting Rights Act of 1965- First attempt to end Literacy Tests
• Campaigned for the ratification of the 24th Amendment which abolished the Poll Tax
Black Muslims
After King’s assassination
• Civil Rights Act of 1968 – Housing Market• Voting Rights Act of 1970- end to all literacy tests• Equal Employment Opportunity Act 1972 p. 859
The 2nd Wave
Black Power 1968 Olympics
Movements Inspired by the Civil Rights Movement
• Feminism-NOW, Betty Friednan- The Feminine Mystique, Gloria Steinham- Ms. Magazine, Title IX, Failed ERA- Equal Rights Amendment p. 855- 859
• Brown Power- Latinos,Cesar Chavez p. 864- 865
• AIM- American Indian Movement, Bury My Heart at Wounded Knee by Dee Brown p. 861-862
• Disabled Americans- Education, Public Access Laws
• Consumer Protection- Ralph Nader- Consumer Reports, Unsafe at Any Speed p. 855
1970s School Busing Programs
How successful has the Civil Rights Movement been?
Affirmative Action Has equal opportunity been achieved for all? Does it promote reverse discrimination? Do we still need it?
Good to Know Terms-Bakke v. UC Davis p. 850-853
Glass Ceiling p. 850-853
De Facto Segregationp.850-853
Has the “Dream” been realized?
President Barack Obama
America, our democracy needs to have this uncomfortable conversation. Are you willing?
