THE COELOMYCETES

PROF. SYED QAISER ABBASEx-Chairman Department of BotanyGC University, Faisalabad

THE COELOMYCETES

Fungi imperfecti or (Deuteromycotina) having conidia and conidiogenous cells in

cavity lined by: fungal tissues; host tissues fungal tissues host tissues both

The most important group causing diseases in; Plants; Animals; and human beings.

THE COELOMYCETES

Fungi of Cosmopolitan Distribution well known plant pathogens with wide host range

Macrophomina phaseolina, Lasiodiplodia undulata (=L. theobronae) Ascochyta pisi

Taxonomy in Historical Perspective

Grove (1919) Initial Treatment; Phyllosticta, Phomopsis and Phloeospora

Grove (1935, 1937) All fungi forming conidia in a cavity lined by fungal or

fungal and host or only host tissues. Sutton (1962, 1963)

Application the concept of conidiogenesis for taxonomic treatment of Hyphomycetes of Hughes (1953) to Coelomycetes

Kendrick (1979a, 1979b) Refined taxonomic treatment based on the concept of

conidiogenesis

Taxonomy in Historical Perspective Alexopoulos & Mims (1979)

kingdom Myceteae Gymnomycota Mastigomycota Amastigomycota: Achlorophyllous; absorptive nutrition;

generally without flagella; cells have spindle fiber which functions during nuclear division instead of a centriole. Amastigomycota

sub-Division Zygomycotina; sub-Division Ascomycotina; sub-Division Basidiomycotina; sub-Division Deutromycotina.

Taxonomy in Historical Perspective Division Deuteromycotina (an artificial taxon)

One class Deuteromycetes Subclass Hyphomycetidae Subclass Aganomycetidae: Subclass Coelomycetidae

order Sphaeropsidales (Having pycnidial condiomata) order Melanconiales (having acervular condiomata)

Sutton (1977, 1980) Coelomycetes

order Sphaeropsidales (Having pycnidial condiomata) order Melanconiales (Having acervular condiomata) order Pycnothyriales (Having pycnothyrium conidiomata)

Class Deuteromycetes

-Form-subclass: Coelomycetidae (Coelomycetes) Form-order: Sphaeropsidales (pycnidial)

Form-family: Sphaeropsidaceae Form-family: Nectrioidaceae Form-family: Leptostromataceae Form-family: Discellaceae

Form-order: Pycnothyriales (Pycnothyrium) Form-family Pycnothyriacea

From-order: Melanconiales (acervulus) Form-family: Melanconiaceae

Class Deuteromycetes

Form-subclass: Hyphomycetidae (Hyphomycetes) Form-order: Moniliales

Form-family: Moniliaceae (Hyaline conidia and conidiophore)

Form-family: Dematiaceae (Coloured conidia and conidiophore)

Form-family: Tuberculariaceae (Sporodochium) Form-family: Stilbellaceae (Synemma)

Form-order: Agonomycetales (Mycelia Sterilia)

CONIDIOMATAL STRUCTURES

(Six variants morphological types)

Phoma-type (Conidiomata Pycnidial, dark colored, leathery to carbonaceous, stromatic or non-stromatic pycnidia generally with a circular ostiole)

Zythia (Nectria)-type (Conidiomata Pycnidial as in Phoma-type, but light colored, and sometimes waxy)

Leptostroma-type (Conidiomata shield-shaped)

Discella-type (Conidiomata more or less cup shaped)

Pycnothyrial Type (Conidiomata pycnothyrium) Eustomata Type (Conidiomata Eustomatic, Multilocular of complex

structure of different shapes)

Current fungal Classification

(Before 1969, ) Three kingdom system concepts Prokaryotae Animalia Plantae

Five kingdom system by Whittaker (1969) Monera Protista Fungi Animalia Plantae

Current Status

Dick 1995: (Using Genetic engineering and by rDNA finger printing methods)

Monera Protista Fungi Animalia plantae kingdom Straminipila

• Current Status

Alexopoulos et al (1995) Protista Phylum Plasmodiophoromycota, Phylum Dictyostleiomycota Phylum Acrasiomycota Phylum Myxomycota

Monera Animalia plantae kingdom Fungi

Phylum Chytridiomycota Phylum zygomycota Phylum Ascomycota Phylum Basidiomycota

Current Status

Alexopoulos et al (1995) Stramenopila. Phylum Oomycota Phylum Hyphochytridiomycota Phylum Laburinthulomycota Diatoms Brown algae

Recent Position of Deuteromycetes

Alexopoulos et al (1995) Second class members among “Perfect” sexually

reproducing organism (Ascomycota). Not sub divided this artificial class into sub

classes or in orders. Hawksworth et al (1995)

All asexually reproducing fungi as Mitosporic fungi and also not divided into orders and families.