The Coming of The French

• Rene Robert Cavalier Sieur de la Salle explored from 1682-1687– The 1682 voyage down the Mississippi

River– Second expedition and Fort St. Louis

(1684)• Missed the river by 400 miles and ended up

in New Spain• Lost and Dead

The Spanish Response

• Govenor Alonso de Leon

– Sent expedition to secure Texas (Tejas) in 1690

– San Francisco de los Tejas became the first east Texas mission

Competing Plans to Secure Texas

Religion• Cheap• Not aggressive• Appear to natives

as nice people

Military• Expensive• Takes more time• Train military• Appear aggressive

to native people

Mexican officials chose Religion because it is cheaper--Does not Work!

The French Refuse to Give Up!

• The French sent…– Louis Juchereau de St. Denis to trade with the

Caddo Indians (to build rapport with them)• Went well and the Indians trusted the French a lot

more than the Spanish• St. Denis travels south of the Texas border

– Arrested by Spanish officials and thrown in jail– St. Denis becomes a French Spaniard because he became a

traitor

Spanish Expansion in Earnest

--Guadalupe de los Nachogdoches (mission)400 miles from the nearest city

--Presidio de los Adaes (Military Fort)

--San Antonio de Valero (mission)

--San Antonio de Bexar (mission)

Los Adaes and The Chicken War (1719)

• The French hear about the wonderful fort the Spanish have called Los Adaes

• The French sent 7 soldiers to attack Los Adaes

• The Spanish hear about the upcoming attack and leave the fort

Chicken War cont’d.

• The French are surprised to see that there is only one guard there and he was guarding a chicken coop

• Out of anger, the French destroy the chicken coop and the one Spanish guard gets away

• This shows the Spanish that the French are going to be hostile towards them

Comic Book Image of The Chicken War

Steps to Stop the French Threat

• Populate San Antonio by sending more troops

• Build a Fort on La Salle’s failed expedition

New Leader

• Marquis de Aguayo– New President Governor of New Spain

– Called New Spain and Texas lands Coahuila y Tejas

– Founded San Antonio San Jose Mission in 1722

– Made Los Adaes a Spanish Capitol of Texas

– Founded the Presidio La Bahia (fort) in 1722

The Seven Years War (1756-1763)

• Treaty of Paris (1763)

– England gets Florida

– Spain gets Louisiana

The Coming of the Anglos

Texas within an Independent Mexico

Incursions by Americans into Tejas

A. Spain’s response to new aggressive neighbors–America was a threat to Spain

1)Work with Indians west of the Appalachian Mountains

2)Control the Mississippi River

Pinckney's Treaty (1795)

1. Gave rights to access the Mississippi River to the Americans

2. Recognized the 31st parallel as the southern part of the U.S.

*This treaty was BAD NEWS for the Spanish!

Filibusters

• People looking to expand territories and expand slavery–Philip Nolan (1797)• American• Was forced out of Spanish Territory by the

Spanish• Nolan returns in 1800 with a small militia– Caught and killed in 1801 by Spanish authorities

Napoleon and the Louisiana Purchase

Other Incursions

• Zebulon Pike’s expedition in 1809 (forerunner to Lewis and Clark)

-----1st American to enter Spanish trade routes• Andrew Jackson’s invasion of Florida (1818)• Adams-Onis Treaty (1819)– U.S. gets Florida from Spain– Undefined boundary between Texas and Lousiana

Spanish Texas in the 1800s

• Tejas population around 5,000 settlers (not including Indians)

• Major population centers: El Paso, San Antonio, Laredo, and the Seno Mexicano