The Creation of the Supreme Court – was it worth it?

8/9/2019 The Creation of the Supreme Court was it worth it?

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5 _gg }fg _wrpgag Onwp} nj Hwmioe}wpg Eo} 56


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oeccgm }fg _noig}y nj _ncioi}nps ik }fg _wrpgag Onwp}s nj _on}cekm+ I} |es jnpagm ik 5


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jivgm rnsi}inks+ ]fgpg sggagm }n `g kn pnna nk gi}fgp simg jnp onarpnaisg


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es }pwg |fgk }fg errgcce}g hwpismio}ink pgsimgm ik }fg Fnwsg nj Cnpms es i} is }nmey+ @w}

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}fg Fnwsg# ec|eys oepgjwccy n`sgpzgm `y }fg Ocgpd }n }fg Hwmioiec Njjiog# lezg milki}y }n

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fes ec|eys `ggk mnkg }fe} |ey# i} aws} `g pilf}+

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eleik }fg Ce| Cnpms essga`cgm jips}# }fg Aeog |es oeppigm ik ekm ceim nk }fg \nncseod

ekm e @isfnr seim rpeygps `gjnpg }fg mnnps |gpg nrgkgm# }fg |npm Onwksgc |es sfnw}gm


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nw} `y e mnnpdggrgp ekm }fg onwksgc ekm }fg rw`cio |gpg emai}}gm }n n`sgpzg }fg

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|fe} |es lnikl nk+ ]fg ogpganky jnccn|gm e rpg!npmeikgm re}}gpk8 ec|eys }fg Aeog#

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jnp }fg seag pgesnk4 ec|eys }fg seag jnpawce |fgk }fg an}inks |gpg rw} ekm zn}gm nk4

ekm }fg Ce| Cnpms ikzepie`cy pgjgppikl }n geof n}fgp es ay kn`cg ekm cgepkgm jpigkm

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agk}ink |es aemg nj }fg sw`hgo} ae}}gp nj |fe} |es eo}weccy `gikl mgoimgm+

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milki}y+ ]fgpg epg kn cnkl onppimnps ik nwp `wicmikl+ \g fezg ek e}}gkmek} |fn is

swi}e`cy pn`gm# `w} kn gvuwisi}gcy e}}ipgm# onaaekmikl mnnpdggrgps+ ]fg onwp}pnnas epg

mgsilkgm jnp }fg onkzgkigkog nj }fg rw`cio+ \g emai} }fg rw`cio }n nwp onwp}pnnas jips}#

es }fgy epg ceplgp ekm aeky anpg rgnrcg e}}gkm }fek rpgzinwscy+ Nwp zisi}nps sikog ces}

No}n`gp fezg kwa`gpgm e`nw}


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oek# ekm miserrgep ik}n ekn}fgp pnna }n misowss }fg oesg |ficg onwksgc epg cgj} }n reod wr

}fgip `gcnklikls e} }fgip cgiswpg+

]fe} is kn} ecc+ ]fg Hws}iogs kn cnklgp pgjgp }n geof n}fgp es kn`cg# np cgepkgm np gzgk

jpigkms+ Pgzisinkisa Rwpi}ekisa# ikmggm fes gv}gkmgm }n }fg |ey hwmlagk}s epg

lizgk }nn+ Kn aeog# kn rpeygps# kn an}inks rw} ekm zn}gm nk+ Hwmlagk}s kggm kn} `g

lizgk nw} ik nrgk onwp} e} ecc+ Ij }fgy epg# ek gvrceke}ink is lizgk nj |fe} }fg oesg is

e`nw} sn }fe} aga`gps nj }fg rw`cio oek jnccn| |fe} is lnikl nk ekm rpgss pgcgesgs epg

lizgk nw} }n }fg agmie+ Ik }fg Fnwsg nj Cnpms i} |es }fg Ce| Cnpms |fn oeag jips}+

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}fe} sgksg i} is }fgip onwp}+

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Fnwsg nj Cnpms rpeo}iog |es ceplgcy ik }fg fekms nj }fg Hwmioiec Njjiog+ ]fg

repcieagk}epy s}e}ws ekm }perrikls nj }fg jikec errgec |gpg i}s rpgpnle}izg# ekm i} fem `wic}

wr ygeps nj gvrgpigkog nj fn| }fikls |gpg mnkg+ Fgpg ik }fg _wrpgag Onwp} }fgpg |es

pnna jnp ikknze}ink+ \fe} sfnwcm |g oecc geof n}fgp> _fnwcm |g |gep pn`gs> \fe}

s}ycgs sfnwcm |g emnr} |fgk rpgrepikl nwp hwmlagk}s> Es |g epg kn cnklgp pguwipgm }n

lizg srggofgs# sfnwcm |g hnik |i}f geof n}fgp ik rpnmwoikl hnik} hwmlagk}s np gzgk

siklcg hwmlagk}s ik }fg keag nj }fg onwp}> Es |g oek kn cnklgp pgjgp }n |fe} |g fezg

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Rgnrcg jgc} zgpy s}pnklcy e`nw} pn`gs+ ]fgpg |es kgzgp eky mgsipg }n |gep }fga gzgpy

mey+ \g fem ln} wsgm }n si}}ikl |i}fnw} pn`gs ik }fg Fnwsg nj Cnpms# ekm |g si} ik }fg

seag `wicmikl kn| es aga`gps nj }fg Hwmioiec Onaai}}gg nj }fg Rpizy Onwkoic |fiof is

kn} e onwp} ekm |fgpg pn`gs epg kgzgp |npk+ ]fg uwgs}ink |es |fg}fgp }fgpg sfnwcm `g e

pn`g jnp srgoiec nooesinks+ ]fgpg |gpg snag |fn seim }fe}# ij pn`gs |gpg rpnzimgm# }fgy

|nwcm pgjwsg }n |gep }fga+ @w} ik }fg gkm# es i} `goeag ocgep }fe} |g |nwcm kn} `g lizgk

e rceog e} }fg _}e}g Nrgkikl nj Repcieagk} wkcgss |g |gpg rpnrgpcy pn`gm# }fg n`hgo}inks

|gpg |i}fmpe|k+ Ferricy gzgpynkg |es |gepikl }fgip njjioiec pn`g e} }fg nrgkikl

ogpganky+ E }gea rfn}nlperf nj ws# }fws e}}ipgm# |es }wpkgm ik}n e rns}oepm+ I} rpnzgm

}n `g e `gs} sgccgp ik }fg _wrpgag Onwp} lij} sfnr+ E kg| nkg fes `ggk rpnmwogm#

jnccn|ikl }fg errnik}agk} nj _ip Hnfk Mysnk es nwp }|gcj}f Hws}iog+

N`sgpzgps |icc fezg kn}iogm snag pe}fgp anpg iarnp}ek} ofeklgs ik nwp `gfezinwp+ Kn

cnklgp onks}peikgm `y }fg pwcgs nj }fg Fnwsg# |g fezg `ggk e`cg }n pg!sferg }fg |ey nwp

hwmlagk}s epg mgcizgpgm+ Ik }fg Fnwsg nj Cnpms }fg pgesnks |fiof geof Ce| Cnpm

rpnmwogm |fgk hwmlagk} |es `gikl lizgk ik }fg Ofea`gp# ec|eys ik s}pio} npmgp nj

sgkinpi}y# |gpg wsweccy pgjgppgm }n es srggofgs+ Cnpm @iklfea rpgjgppgm }n oecc }fga

nrikinks ! kn} hwmlagk}s# es }fg Cnpms nj Errgec |gpg si}}ikl es aga`gps nj e onaai}}gg

emzisikl }fg Fnwsg ik |fnsg keag }fg hwmlagk} |es lizgk+ Kn|# es }fg Hws}iogs epg

si}}ikl ik e onwp} es aga`gps nj }fg _wrpgag Onwp}# }fgy pgjgp }n |fe} }fgy fezg |pi}}gk

es hwmlagk}s# kn} nrikinks ec}fnwlf }fg |npm nrikink is s}icc wsgm ik }fg Hwmioiec

Onaai}}gg nj }fg Rpizy Onwkoic |fgk }fg @nepm is emzisikl Fgp Aehgs}y es }n |fe} fgp

hwmlagk} sfnwcm `g+ \g epg sopwrwcnws ik nwp ofniog nj ceklwelg+

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_gzgpec hwmlagk}s fezg `ggk mgcizgpgm nk `gfecj nj }fg Onwp} `y nkg Hws}iog55+ ]fgpg

fezg `ggk n}fgps |fgpg e Hws}iog fes `ggk e`cg }n sey e} }fg s}ep} nj fis np fgp hwmlagk}

}fe} n}fgp Hws}iogs elpgg |i}f i}50+ ]fis aedgs i} wkkgogssepy jnp }fnsg |fn elpgg }n emm e

sgrepe}g onkowppikl hwmlagk}+ Ekm |g fezg mgzgcnrgm }fg rpeo}iog nj rw}}ikl }fg cgemikl

hwmlagk} jips}+ ]fg n}fgps wsweccy jnccn| ik npmgp nj sgkinpi}y# |i}f missgk}ikl hwmlagk}s

e} }fg gkm5?+ ]fis is anpg ik dggrikl |i}f }fg |ey n}fgp onwp}s kn| `gfezg# swof es }fg

_wrpgag Onwp} nj Oekeme# }fg Filf Onwp} nj Ews}pecie ekm }fg Onwp} nj _gssink }nn+ @w}

|g fezg pghgo}gm swllgs}inks }fe} |g sfnwcm s}pizg }n eppizg e} e siklcg hwmlagk} ik ecc

oesgs+ \g zecwg nwp ikmgrgkmgkog jpna geof n}fgp# ekm nwp pilf} }n sey |fe} |g `gcigzg

ik ij |g |ek} }n+ ]fgpg epg# nj onwpsg# oesgs |fgpg e siklcg hwmlagk} is rpgjgpe`cg+ @w} ij

|g |isf }n missgk} np }n gvrpgss mijjgpgk} pgesnks jnp eppizikl e} ek elpggm onkocwsink

}fgk |g epg gk}i}cgm }n mn }fis# ekm kn nkg is eo}izgcy misonwpelgm jpna mnikl sn+ Cnpm

Pgim# |fn mgocepgm }fe} i} |es kgzgp |isg jnp }fg Fnwsg }n fezg nkcy nkg srggof mgecikl

|i}f ek iarnp}ek} uwgs}ink nj ce|# |nwcm fezg errpnzgm+

\g fezg `ggk si}}ikl anpg nj}gk ik ceplgp kwa`gps+ ]fg mgjewc} rnsi}ink is }fe} |g si} ik

rekgcs nj jizg+ @w} nwp rpeo}iog is }n si} ik rekgcs nj sgzgk np kikg ij }fg Onwp} is `gikl

esdgm }n mgrep} jpna e rpgzinws mgoisink# np }fgpg is e rnssi`ici}y nj i}s mnikl sn# np ij }fg

oesg peisgs silkijioek} onks}i}w}inkec isswgs np jnp n}fgp pgesnks is nj lpge} rw`cio

iarnp}ekog5=+ I} fes `ggk swllgs}gm }fe} |g sfnwcm ec|eys si} ik }fgsg ceplgp kwa`gps+

55 GlErrcioe}ink `y Lwepmiek Kg|s ekm Agmie C}mT0252Q WD_O 5+50 GlIk pg _ilae Jikekog Onprnpe}ink T0229Q WD_O 0+5? GlP&G) z Lnzgpkikl @nmy nj HJ_ ekm n}fgps T0229Q WD_O 57+5= _gzgk ik P z Fnpkoes}cg T0229Q WD_O 5=#Errcioe}ink `y Lwepmiek Kg|s ekm Agmie C}mT0252Q WD_O

5#FA ]pgeswpy z Anfeaagm He`ep EfagmT0252Q WD_O 04 kikg ikP&G) z Lnzgpkikl @nmy nj HJ_ ekm

n}fgps T0229Q WD_O 574Knppis z Lnzgpkagk} nj Wki}gm _}e}gs T0252Q WD_O 9+

50


13/24

@w} }fis |nwcm `g cidgcy }n pgmwog }fg kwa`gp nj oesgs |g onwcm fgep geof |ggd# es |g

fezg }n sgpzg }fg kggms nj }fg Hwmioiec Onaai}}gg es |gcc es }fnsg nj }fg _wrpgag Onwp}+

E sgcgo}izg errpneof gke`cgs }n ws }n aedg }fg ans} gjjioigk} wsg nj }fg pgsnwpogs }fe} epg

ezeice`cg+

]fg sgcgo}izg errpneof peisgs uwgs}inks es }n |fiof Hws}iog sfnwcm si} nk |fiof oesg+

Onwp}s |fiof ec|eys si} gk `eko# swof es }fg W_ _wrpgag Onwp}# mn kn} kggm }n emmpgss

}fis rpn`cga+ Knp mn onwp}s |fnsg jwko}ink is ciai}gm }n mgecikl |i}f onks}i}w}inkec

isswgs ik |fiof ecc i}s aga`gps fezg guwec gvrgp}isg+ Es |g }edg ecc snp}s nj oesgs# |g

fezg }n mgoimg wrnk }fg aga`gpsfir nj }fg rekgc jnp geof oesg ikmizimweccy+ I} fes `ggk

swllgs}gm }fe} |g sfnwcm si} ik pn}e}ink np }fe} }fg Hws}iogs sfnwcm `g ofnsgk jnp geof oesg

e} pekmna+ @w} }fe} errpneof |nwcm agek e`ekmnkikl }fg onkzgk}ink }fe} }fg }|n _on}s

Hws}iogs si} nk ecc errgecs jpna _on}cekm# ij ezeice`cg+ I} |nwcm ecsn pisd mgrpizikl }fg

rekgcs nj }fg essis}ekog nj }fnsg aga`gps nj }fg Onwp} |fn fem gvrgp}isg ik }fg rnik} e}

isswg+ Nkg ailf} gkm wr |i}f e opiaikec errgec jpna }fg Onwp} nj Errgec ik Gklcekm# jnp

gvearcg# `gikl fgepm `y jizg Hws}iogs |fn fem kgzgp se} ik ek Gklcisf opiaikec onwp} e}

ecc+ _n fgpg }nn e sgcgo}izg errpneof is `gikl emnr}gm# es i} |es ik }fg Fnwsg nj Cnpms#

wkmgp }fg swrgpzisink nj }fg Rpgsimgk} ekm }fg Mgrw}y Rpgsimgk}+ ]fg pgswc} is }fe} }fg

Rekgc |icc knpaeccy ikocwmg e} cges} }|n Hws}iogs |i}f gvrgpigkog ik }fg epge nj }fg ce|

}fe} is }fg sw`hgo} nj }fg errgec+

Ankgy

5?


14/24

_grepe}ink nj }fg Ce| Cnpms jpna }fg rpnogss nj cglisce}ink onwcm fezg `ggk eofigzgm

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_}ekmikl Npmgps+ I} |nwcm fezg `ggk rnssi`cg `y }fis ageks }n onkjikg }fg sgpzikl Ce|

Cnpms pilf} }n rep}ioire}g ik }fg `wsikgss nj }fg Fnwsg }n hwmioiec |npd+ Nj onwpsg }fis

|nwcm kn} fezg aemg awof mijjgpgkog }n fn| }fg Ce| Cnpms |nwcm fezg `ggk rgpogizgm

`y }fg rw`cio+ I} |nwcm kn} fezg se}isjigm gzgpynkg+ @w} i} |nwcm fezg `ggk ek eks|gp }n

eky opi}ioisa nj }fg sys}ga ik _}pes`nwpl+ Ik pg}pnsrgo}# es `wmlg}s epg kn| `gikl ow}

sgzgpgcy pilf} eopnss }fg rw`cio sgo}np# }fe} ailf} fezg `ggk }fg |isgp onwpsg+ ]fg Fnwsg

nj Cnpms fem onkmwo}gm i}s errgcce}g |npd zgpy gjjioigk}cy jnp aeky ygeps e} aikiawa

gv}pe ons}+ ]fis |es `goewsg ans} i}s jeoici}igs ecc i}s onprnpe}g sgpziogs swof es

eoonaanme}ink# I] ekm sgowpi}y |gpg sfepgm |i}f n}fgp wsgps nj }fg Fnwsg+ I} fem e

saecc mgmioe}gm s}ejj fgemgm `y }fg Rpikoirec Ocgpd |fiof fem }n `g `wmlg}gm jnp+ @w}

}fg nzgpfgems &gvocwmikl hwmioiec secepigs ekm rgksink onk}pi`w}inks# |fiof }fg _wrpgag

Onwp} kn| fes }n rey jnp) |gpg saecc# ons}ikl kn anpg }fek e`nw}


15/24

_gpziog# `y jwkms rpnzimgm `y }fg Mgrep}agk} nj Onks}i}w}inkec Ejjeips# kn| }fg Aikis}py

nj Hws}iog# ik pgsrgo} nj rw`ciocy jwkmgm oesgs ik }fg _wrpgag Onwp} ekm jnp sgpziogs

rpnzimgm `y }fg Hwmioiec Onaai}}gg nj }fg Rpizy Onwkoic ekm `y pgce}izgcy saecc

onk}pi`w}inks `y }fg mgznczgm emaikis}pe}inks ik _on}cekm ekm Knp}fgpk Ipgcekm ik

rpnrnp}ink }n }fg eanwk} nj `wsikgss onaikl jpna }fga+ ]fg pgjwp isfagk} |es }n `g

sgowpgm `y ageks nj e rpize}g jikekog iki}ie}izg onk}peo}# ekm }n `g reim jnp `y ageks nj

}fg pgk} reim jnp }fg pgjwp isfgm `wicmikl }n }fg rpikoirec onk}peo}np+ I mn kn} dkn|

|fg}fgp }fg Ofekogccnp nj }fg Gvofguwgp |es onkswc}gm+ I swsrgo} kn}# es fis eks|gp }n

eky pguwgs} }n jwkm }fg rpnhgo} |fnccy# np gzgk aeikcy# nw} nj oeri}ec rpnzimgm `y }fg

lnzgpkagk} |nwcm ecans} ogp}eikcy fezg `ggk ik }fg kgle}izg+ I} |es kgzgp ik mnw`} }fe}#

ec}fnwlf snag nj }fg pwkkikl ons}s |nwcm `g ag} jpna }fg swpofeplg nk onwp} jggs ekm

}fg onk}pi`w}inks jpna _on}cekm ekm Knp}fgpk Ipgcekm# e sw`s}ek}iec rpnrnp}ink |nwcm

fezg }n `g reim jnp nw} nj jwkms rpnzimgm `y }fg Aikis}py nj Hws}iog+ Cnpm Jeconkgp seim

}fe} }fg _wrpgag Onwp} |es }n `g e `nmy |i}f i}s n|k `wmlg} ekm i}s n|k eìci}y }n

mg}gpaikg fn| i} srgk} }fg ankgy essilkgm }n i} `y }fg ]pgeswpy+ ]fe} ankgy |nwcm `g

fekmgm nzgp }n i} ekm onwcm kn} `g# es fg rw} i}# ki``cgm e|ey e} jnp n}fgp jwko}inks `y }fg

aikis}gp57+ I} |nwcm fezg }n onkzikog }fg ]pgeswpy nj }fg sgpinwskgss nj i}s ìm 5:+ @w}

}fgpg |es kn swllgs}ink }fe} }fg onarepe}izgcy saecc ekkwec `wmlg} }fe} |nwcm `g kggmgm

}n gke`cg }fg _wrpgag Onwp} }n jwko}ink rpnrgpcy |nwcm `g cidgcy }n rw} wkmwg rpgsswpg

nk rw`cio jwkms+

57 Pgrnp} nj }fg _gcgo} Onaai}}gg nk }fg Onks}i}w}inkec Pgjnpa @icc &FC) &Hwcy 022=)8 Onks}i}w}inkec

Pgjnpa @icc &FC)# FC Rergp 507!II &Gzimgkog)# U7:+5: Iìm# U:5+

57


16/24

E kn}g nj |epkikl |es snwkmgm e`nw} }fis |fgk }fg mg}eics |gpg `gikl mg`e}gm `gjnpg }fg

_gcgo} Onaai}}gg+ Cnpm Fn|g nj E`gpeznk# |fn es Lgnjjpgy Fn|g fem nj onwpsg

sgpzgm es Ofekogccnp nj }fg Gvofguwgp# |es e aga`gp nj }fe} Onaai}}gg+ Fg rnik}gm nw}

}fe} }fg snwpog jpna |fiof i}s jwkms oeag |es zi}ec }n }fg onwp}s ikmgrgkmgkog jpna }fg

Gvgow}izg5


17/24

wkeznime`cg ik lnzgpkagk}+ ]fe} |es |fe} Cnpm Fn|g |es |epkikl eleiks}+ Fis emziog

|es misaissgm `y }fg rpnrnkgk}s nj }fg sofgag |fgk i} |es lizgk siv ygeps eln+ Ik fis

pgrcy Cnpm Jeconkgp rnik}gm nw} }fe} }fgpg kggmgm }n `g snag mganope}io eoonwk}eìci}y 02+

]fg imge }fe} }fg _wrpgag Onwp}s `wmlg} gs}iae}gs sfnwcm `g fekmcgm `y }fg Fnwsg nj

Onaanks |es# ik }pw}f# kgzgp cidgcy }n lg} njj }fg lpnwkm+ Ik e cgo}wpg |fiof fg lezg }n

}fg Ews}peciek Iks}i}w}g nj Hwmioiec Emaikis}pe}ink ik Aey 0229 Ofigj Hws}iog Jpgkof

onksimgpgm }fg eplwagk}s jnp jwkmikl mipgo}cy `y Repcieagk} `w} pghgo}gm }fga nk }fg

lpnwkm }fe} aikis}gpiec pgsrnksi ici}y jnp }fg jwkmikl nj onwp}s is kgogssepy ik e

mganope}io snoig}y

05

+ I} is |np}f kn}ikl }nn }fe} gvrgpigkog ik }fg Wki}gm _}e}gs ikmioe}gs

}fe} Onklpgss# nk |fnsg fekmcikl nj swof ae}}gps }fgpg epg jg|# ij eky# onks}peik}s# mngs

kn} mgjgp ew}nae}ioeccy }n `wmlg} pguwgs}s swài}}gm }n i} `y }fg _wrpgag Onwp}+

Onklpgss is rep} nj }fg npmikepy jgmgpec `wmlg}epy rpnogss+ ]fgsg pguwgs}s oekkn} `g

ec}gpgm `y }fg Njjiog nj Aekelgagk} ekm @wmlg} njjioiecs# `w} }fgy fezg }n ress sopw}iky

`y }fg hwmioiepy swònaai}}ggs ekm i} fes `ggk swllgs}gm }fe} wkjeznwpe`cg mgoisinks

aey ikjcwgkog }fgip pgsrnksg }n }fga00+

Ij Cnpm Fn|g |es swllgs}ikl }fe} nwp _wrpgag Onwp}s `wmlg} sfnwcm `g sw`hgo}gm }n

sopw}iky ik }fe} |ey# i} |es e} `gs} ek wkogp}eik pgagmy+ @w} }fg }pwg silkijioekog nj fis

ik}gpzgk}ink cey kn} sn awof ik }fg sncw}ink }fe} fg |es swllgs}ikl es ik }fg rpn`cga }fe}

fg imgk}ijigm+ ]fg rpn`cga |es fn| }n rpgsgpzg }fg hwmioiepys ikmgrgkmgkog jpna }fg

gvgow}izg+ Anzikl }fg errgcce}g hwpismio}ink jpna }fg Fnwsg nj Cnpms |nwcm mgrpizg }fg

02 Iìm# U:7+05 Ofigj Hws}iog P _ Jpgkof#@nwkmepy Onkmi}inks ]fg Jwkmikl nj Onwp}s |i}fik e Onks}i}w}inkec

Jpeag|npd# Agc`nwpkg# 57 Aey 0229+00 Gwlgkie J ]nae# Onklpgssinkec Ikjcwgkog ekm }fg _wrpgag Onwp}8 ]fg @wmlg} es e _ilkeccikl Mgziog#

?? H Cglec _}wm 5?5# 5?= &5995)4 Jpekd @ Opnss ekm @cedg H Kgcsnk# _}pe}glio Iks}i}w}inkec Ikjcwgkogs nk

_wrpgag Onwp} Mgoisinkaedikl# 97 K| W C Pgz 5=?


18/24

ke}inks filfgs} onwp}# |fgpg ikmgrgkmgkog ae}}gps ans}# nj |fe} fg pgjgppgm }n es }fg

onarcg}g mg}eofagk} ekm `gkgzncgk} rpn}go}ink nj }fg cglisce}wpg0?+

]fis |es kn} sggk# ik Erpic 022=# es awof anpg }fek e }fgnpg}ioec mijjiowc}y |fiof |nwcm

kn} `g e} ecc cidgcy }n oewsg rpn`cgas ik rpeo}iog+ Fn| }fikls fezg ofeklgm+ Mgaekms

jnp sezikls# swof es ecans} gzgpy rw cio mgrep}agk} is kn| }fpge}gkgm |i}f# epg

pganpsgcgss ekm wkonarpnaisikl+ Es mgrep}agk}s epg kn| `gikl esdgm }n ow} }fgip

`wmlg}s `y 07' nk ezgpelg nzgp }fg kgv} jnwp ygeps# gzgpy}fikl }fe} }fgy mn is cie`cg }n

`g ejjgo}gm+ Ans} nj }fg jikekog jnp }fg _wrpgag Onwp}s eo}izi}igs is rpnzimgm jnp nw} nj

rw`cio jwkms# ekm }fg onwp} is eks|gpe`cg }n Repcieagk} jnp i}s gvrgkmi}wpg0=+ _n# es e

mgrep}agk} nj s}e}g |fnsg wsg nj rw`cio jwkms is anki}npgm `y }fg ]pgeswpy# i} is kn} }n `g

iaawkg jpna }fis rpnogss+ Ikmggm i} fes `ggk aemg ocgep }fe} }fg onwp} |icc `g gvrgo}gm

}n aedg ow}s jpna }fis ygeps `wmlg} `gjnpg i} is errpnzgm# ik }fg seag rpnrnp}ink }n

gzgpynkg gcsg+ ]fis is kn} swprpisikl# ik e |npcm ik |fiof ow}s epg ecpgemy `gikl jeogm e}

gzgpy cgzgc |i}fik }fg rw`cio sgo}np+ \g oekkn} pgesnke`cy gvrgo} }n `g iaawkg jpna

}fis rpnogss+ @w} }fgpg fes `ggk kn ikmioe}ink yg} }fe} }fg soecg nj }fg ow}s |fiof |g

aws} eofigzg is kgln}ie`cg+

\fe} mngs }fis agek jnp }fg pwcg nj ce|> Es fes nj}gk `ggk seim# e} i}s onpkgps}nkg cigs

}fg ikmgrgkmgkog nj }fg hwmioiepy+ Es Cnpm @iklfea nj Onpkficc rw}s i} ik fis pgogk}

`nnd nk }fg sw hgo}# e }pwcy ikmgrgkmgk} hwmioiepy is nkg nj }fg sejglwepms eleiks}

gvgow}izg ce|cgsskgss07+ ]fis is snag}fikl }fe} |g }gkm }n }edg jnp lpek}gm ik }fis

0? I`im# U:0+0= Repcieagk}epy errpnzec jnp }fg onwp}s srgkmikl rceks is snwlf} }fpnwlf _wrrcy Gs}iae}gs rpgsgk}gm }n

}fg Fnwsg nj Onaanks+07 ]na @iklfea# ]fg Pwcg nj Ce| &0252)# r 07+

56


19/24


20/24

|fiof sfnwcm lnzgpk }fg pgce}inksfir `g}|ggk }fg hwmioiepy ekm }fg Gvgow}izg }nn+ ]fis

|es |fe} Cnpm Fn|g |es esdikl jnp+ Fis gjjnp}s }n rgpswemg }fg _gcgo} Onaai}}gg }fe} i}

sfnwcm errcy }n }fg _wrpgag Onwp} |gpg kn} swoogssjwc+ ]fe} is pglpg}}e`cg+ @w} i} oekkn}

`g eccn|gm }n `g }fg gkm nj }fg eplwagk}+ Ik fis _ip Mezim \iccieas cgo}wpg nk }fg pwcg nj

ce| Cnpm @iklfea seim }fe} }fg Cnpm Ofekogccnps onkmwo} ik pgce}ink }n |fe} fg

mgsopi`gm es }fg onks}i}w}inkec rpikoircg nj hwmioiec ikmgrgkmgkog |nwcm kn mnw`} `g

swsogr}i`cg# ik rpikoircg# }n hwmioiec pgzig|0


21/24

_w`s}ek}iec `gkgji}s fezg ikmggm onag jpna }fgsg ikopgesgs+ @w} }fgsg iarpnzgagk}s mn

kn} onag |i}fnw} ons}+ Anpg garcnyggs }n swrgpzisg rw`cio eoogss agek anpg |elgs

ekm secepigs# }n `g emmgm }n }fg |elgs ekm secepigs nj aga`gps nj s}ejj |fn epg garcnygm

}n rpnzimg }fg sgpziogs }fe} |gpg rpgzinwscy rpnzimgm `y }fg Fnwsg ew}fnpi}igs+ Nzgpecc

fn|gzgp }fg ikopgesg ik kwa`gps fes `ggk uwi}g anmgs}# jpna e }n}ec nj 0? ik }fg Fnwsg

nj Cnpms }n e }n}ec nj ?9 ik }fg _wrpgag Onwp}+ ]fgpg epg ecsn }|n elgkoy ekm nkg

}garnpepy aga`gps nj s}ejj |ficg }fg s}ejj pguwipgagk}s epg `gikl essgssgm+ ]n }fg ons}

nj reyikl jnp }fgsg garcnyggs aws} `g emmgm swa reye`cg es pgk} }n }fg mgzgcnrgp }n rey

jnp }fg ons} nj }fg onkzgpsink# }fg ons}s nj aeik}eikikl ekm sgpzioikl }fg `wicmikl ekm i}s

guwiragk} ekm ekkwec ons} nj }fg Hws}iogs secepigs ekm onk}pi`w}inks }n }fgip rgksinks+

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es}nkisfikl mgaekm }n aedg nj ek iks}i}w}ink |fiof |es s}icc jikmikl i}s jgg} ik pgsrnksg

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nj jivgm ons}s pgk}# pe}gs ekm }fg secepigs ekm rgksink onk}pi`w}inks nj }fg Hws}iogs+ Kn|

|g jeog }fg rpnsrgo} nj mgaekms jnp gzgk anpg ow}s# }fg soecg nj |fiof |g |icc kn} dkn|

wk}ic }fg lnzgpkagk}s _rgkmikl Pgzig| ik No}n`gp+ _nag sezikls epg rnssi cg# nj

onwpsg+ @w} e ow} nj }fg aelki}wmg }fe} |g epg jeoikl oekkn} `g eofigzgm |i}fnw} sgpinws

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rnik} |es |gcc aemg `y }fgJikekoiec ]iags e jg| |ggds eln8

]fg kgv} lnzgpkagk} |icc kggm }n evg s}e}g gvrgkmi}wpg# ekm jg| rw`cio sgpziogs

oek `g srepgm }fg ofnr+ @w} }fg emaikis}pe}ink nj hws}iog is nkg nj }fg pepg

05


22/24

gvogr}inks+ ]fg `gkgji} nj suwggxikl }fg onwp}s sfngs}pikl `wmlg} |nwcm `g

kglcili`cg |ficg }fg rn}gk}iec ons} nj wkmgpaikikl }pws} ik }fg hwmioiec sys}ga

|nwcm `g gknpanws ]fg ik}glpi}y nj }fg onwp} sys}ga aws} kn} `g wkmgpaikgm

e} eky rpiog+06

]fg |pi}gp |es srgedikl nj }fg onwp} sys}ga es e |fncg# kn} e`nw} }fg _wrpgag Onwp} ik

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fezg `ggk anzgm jpna }fg wksfedge`cg rpn}go}ink nj Repcieagk} }n e sys}ga |fiof

gvrnsgs ws }n mgaekms jnp sezikls eleiks} |fiof Aikis}gps aey kn} |isf }n rpn}go} ws#

ekm |nwcm `g wkcidgcy }n `g e`cg }n mn sn ij }fgy mim+

\es i} |np}f i}>

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`i} anpg rnsi}izg ik pgrcy }n ay n|k uwgs}ink+

\g kn cnklgp cizg ik ek elg nj mgjgpgkog+ Lizikl ek iks}i}w}ink e lpekm keag is kn

lwepek}gg }fe} i} |icc `g pgsrgo}gm+ ]fg Onwp} fes aemg kn e}}gar} }n ln mn|k }fe} jecsg

}peic+ I} mngs kn}# es I fezg gvrceikgm# s}pizg }n essgp} i}s milki}y `y |gepikl pn`gs ekm

ikmwclikl ik ogpgankigs+ Gzgpy}fikl mgrgkms nk |fe} i} mngs fn| }fg Hws}iogs onkmwo}

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pgsrnksg |fgk onkjpnk}gm `y rpeo}ioec isswgs }fe} ailf} lizg pisg }n mijjiowc}y# |es }n

`pwsf }fga esimg nk }fg lpnwkm }fe} }fg isswg |es nkg nj rpikoircg+ I} ec|eys sggagm }n

ag }fe} }fg anpg iarnp}ek} uwgs}ink |es fn| i} |nwcm ecc |npd nw} ik rpeo}iog+ ]edikl

06Jikekoiec ]iags cgemgp#06 Erpic 02528 Hws}iog is ofger gzgk `y }fg mnxgk+

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nkgs s}ekm nk rpikoircg }fg rpikoircg nj sgrepe}ink is ecc zgpy |gcc+ @w} ik }fg gkm nj

}fg mey }fg Hws}iogs fezg e hn` }n mn+ ]fg uwgs}ink is# epg }fgy ik e rnsi}ink }n mn i} `g}}gp

kn| }fek }fgy |nwcm fezg `ggk ij }fgy |gpg s}icc |npdikl ik }fg Receog nj \gs}aiks}gp+

I }fikd }fe} }fg eks|gp }n }fe} uwgs}ink is# wkmnw`}gmcy# ygs+ I fezg ecpgemy agk}inkgm }fg

|eys ik |fiof i} fes `ggk rnssi cg }n nrgk wr |fe} }fg Onwp} mngs }n }fg rw`cio+ @w}

}fgpg is awof anpg }n i} }fek }fe}+ E} }fg }nr nj nwp cis} I |nwcm rw} }fg `gkgji}s nj

ikopgesgm sreog# ekm nj `gikl cnoe}gm ik nwp n|k wicmikl+ \g fezg `ggk e`cg }n ikopgesg

nwp kwa`gp nj hwmioiec essis}ek}s# jpna jizg }n gilf}+ ]fis fes fem e aepdgm gjjgo} nk }fg

sgpziog }fe} }fgy oek rpnzimg+ ]fg pnw}ikg |npd is srpgem anpg |imgcy ekm }fgpg is anpg

}iag jnp }fga }n }fikd ekm }n gvrcnpg ezgkwgs jnp pgsgepof+ ]fe} fes cgm }n anpg

misowssink `n}f eankl }fgasgczgs ekm |i}f }fg Hws}iogs }fek |es gzgp rnssi`cg ik }fg

oesg nj }fg Ce| Cnpms+ ]fis iarnp}ekog nj }fis# gsrgoieccy ik oesgs |fgpg |g si} ik ceplgp

kwa`gps# sfnwcm kn} `g wkmgpgs}iae}gm+ ]fg emmgm zecwg }fe} e jikec onwp} nj errgec

`pikls }n }fg hwmioiec rpnogss is }fg }iag }fe} }fis lizgs jnp }fnwlf} ekm jnp misowssink+

Pganzgm jpna }fg mis}peo}inks nj }fg Fnwsg# }fis is snag}fikl }fe} is rpnzikl }n `g

ikopgesiklcy zecwe`cg+ \g ecsn kn| fezg nwp n|k ci pepy+ ]fg ci`pepy nj }fg Fnwsg nj

Cnpms fes e lgkgpnws onccgo}ink nj ce| `nnds# `w} awof nj i} |es ik }fg |pnkl rceog+ ]fg

rep} }fe} |es nk }fg Ce| Cnpms Onppimnp swjjgpgm jpna ceod nj sreog ekm# es i} |es

wkmgp!pgsnwpogm# |es kn} zgpy |gcc nplekisgm+ ]fg I] sys}gas# sfepgm |i}f }fg pgs} nj }fg

Fnwsg# |gpg pe}fgp gcmgpcy+ \g kn| fezg nwp n|k mgmioe}gm sys}gas |fiof fezg aemg i}

rnssi`cg jnp ws lpge}cy }n iarpnzg }fg sgpziog }fe} i} lizgs }n }fg Hws}iogs ekm }n

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onk}garce}g jicikl mnowagk}s gcgo}pnkioeccy09+ ]fg sreog }fe} }fg Pglis}py noowrigs# ekm

i}s eìci}y }n mgec |i}f }fg rw`cio# fezg `ggk lpge}cy iarpnzgm+

Nkg fes nkcy }n onk}garce}g |fe} |g |nwcm cnsg ij |g |gpg }n `g anzgm èod }n }fg

Receog nj \gs}aiks}gp ekm suwggxgm ik}n }fg rceogs ezeice`cg }n pgecisg }fg soecg nj }fg

`gkgji}s+ _wof e anzg kn| |nwcm# pgeccy# `g wk}fikde`cg+ I} is kn} hws} }fe} nkg oekkn}

}wpk }fg ocnod èod+ I} |nwcm mgs}pny }fg iks}i}w}ink }fe} fes hws} `ggk opge}gm# ekm |i}f

}fe} ecc }fg nrrnp}wki}igs }fe} kn| gvis} jnp i}s jwp}fgp mgzgcnragk}+ \fg}fgp }fg Hws}iogs

epg yg} aedikl `gs} wsg nj }fgsg `gkgji}s is ekn}fgp ae}}gp+ Rgpfers i} is kn} jnp ag }n

sey+ _n# cidg Ofeipaek Aen# I |nwcm rpgjgp pgsgpzg ay rnsi}ink nk }fe} ae}}gp+ @w} }fg

nrrnp}wki}igs }fe} }fgsg iarpnzgm jeoici}igs lizg ws epg swof }fe} I oek sey# |i}fnw}

pgsgpze}ink# }fe} }fg opge}ink nj }fis kg| onwp} |es |np}f|ficg+ I} is ecc }fg anpg

iarnp}ek}# }fgk# }fe} i} sfnwcm kn} `g wkmgpaikgm `y ow}s ik i}s `wmlg} |fiof |nwcm aedg

i} iarnssi`cg jnp i} }n onk}ikwg }n aedg rpnrgp wsg nj }fgsg lpge}cy iarpnzgm# `w} gk}ipgcy

kgogssepy ekm errpnrpie}g# jeoici}igs+ \g |icc mn ecc |g oek }n sgg }fe} }fis mngs kn}

ferrgk+?2

0= Hwkg 0252 Cnpm Fnrg nj Opeilfgem D]

09 _gg _wrpgag Onwp} Rpeo}iog Mipgo}inks# RM 5=+5 |fiof s}e}gs }fe} }fg _wrpgag Onwp} ik}gkms }n }edg jwcc

emzek}elg nj }fg nrrnp}wki}igs njjgpgm y anmgpk ikjnpae}ink }gofkncnly+?2 I ea lpe}gjwc }n ay hwmioiec essis}ek}# Hnsgrf @eppe}}# jnp fis fgcr ik rpgrepikl }fis cgo}wpg+

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