The Crusades

Where

What

• Crusade 1,2,3 Main crusades. Actually a total of 8.

• A fight between Muslims and Christians

Crusade 1 1095-1099• Byzantine emperor Alexius 1 asked for help

against the invading Muslim Turks.• Pope Urban the 2 called upon all Christians to

aid.• Godfrey of Bouillon (1060–1100), Baldwin of

Flanders, Raymond of Toulouse, Robert of Normandy, Bohemond of Taranto, marched south through Anatolia.

• Mostly French and Norman• Arrived in Jerusalem in July• They killed and destroyed all

Crusade 11(1147-1149)• Muslims took back Edessa

• Bishop in France Bernard of Clairvaux & Pope Eugene 3 pushed for the second crusade to rid the heathens/infidels from the holy land.

• French and German armies banded together.

• Could not be successful in the Holy Land, but was successful in Portugal and Spain. Reconquista

Jerusalem Falls• Christians lost foothold in Holy Land

• Saladin ruler of Egypt took Jerusalem in 1187

Crusade 111 1189-1192(The Kings Crusade)

• Was an attempt to get back land from Saladin.

• Very successful, but unable to reconquer Jerusalem.

• France, Germany-Holy Roman Emperor Frederick Barbarossa (he drowns), England banded together.

• Made treaty with Saladin that allowed pilgrims and merchants

• Richard ransomed 150,00 marks in 1194 died 1199

The Third Crusade 1189-1192

The Last 6 Crusades• Lasted 60 years • Lost all lands back to the

Muslims• Created the strongest

divide between Catholics and Orthodox Christians

• With the fall of Antioch (1268), Tripoli (1289), and Acre (1291), those Christians unable to leave the cities were massacred or enslaved and the last traces of Christian rule

4

5*67 Ransom

Templars

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Why