The DEVELOPMENT of The DEVELOPMENT of

GUIDELINES AND STRATEGIESGUIDELINES AND STRATEGIES

forfor

OILY WASTE MANAGEMENTOILY WASTE MANAGEMENT

DECISIONSDECISIONS

in in

Remote Remote (ARCTIC) (ARCTIC) RegionsRegions

Las Vegas 17 March 2009

PROJECT STATUSPROJECT STATUSWaste Guidelines and StrategiesWaste Guidelines and Strategies

1.1.TechnicalTechnical Report Report – text– textcompletion 24completion 24thth April April (only Appendix E left)(only Appendix E left)

2.2. Waste Management CalculatorWaste Management Calculator completed – software will be available 1completed – software will be available 1stst May May

2009 2009 3.3. User’s GuideUser’s Guide – completed – completed

All three deliverables will be submitted to All three deliverables will be submitted to Canadian HoD for submission to the EPPR Canadian HoD for submission to the EPPR Chair for presentation to the Arctic Council Chair for presentation to the Arctic Council Minster’s Meeting in TromsMinster’s Meeting in Tromsøø on 27 on 27thth April April 20092009

ContentsContents

1.1. Project ObjectivesProject Objectives

2.2. Project HistoryProject History

3.3. Oil Spill Waste Management ReportOil Spill Waste Management Report

4.4. Decision Job Aid (“Decision Job Aid (“Waste Management Waste Management Calculator Calculator ”)”)

1. OBJECTIVES1. OBJECTIVES

Develop guidelines and recommendations Develop guidelines and recommendations for decisions regarding shoreline treatment for decisions regarding shoreline treatment in remote (Arctic) regions. in remote (Arctic) regions.

Provide decision makers and planners Provide decision makers and planners with relevant information regarding with relevant information regarding potential waste generation, waste types, potential waste generation, waste types, and waste volumes upon which they can and waste volumes upon which they can set the response objectives. set the response objectives.

Complete in April 2009.Complete in April 2009.

2. Project History2. Project History

Report prepared on “Report prepared on “Guidelines Guidelines and Strategies for Oil Spill Waste and Strategies for Oil Spill Waste Management in Arctic RegionsManagement in Arctic Regions””

The conclusions and results were The conclusions and results were then used to develop a software tool then used to develop a software tool - “- “Waste Management Waste Management CalculatorCalculator” – as a job aid for ” – as a job aid for decision makers and plannersdecision makers and planners

3. TECHNICAL REPORT3. TECHNICAL REPORT

The report was prepared for The report was prepared for the EPPR Working Group of the EPPR Working Group of the Arctic Council under the the Arctic Council under the direction of the Joint direction of the Joint Secretariat, with funding from Secretariat, with funding from the governments of Canada, the governments of Canada, Norway and the US. Norway and the US.

Key Report SectionsKey Report Sections

Decision Process:Decision Process:1.1. Waste GenerationWaste Generation2.2. Waste TypesWaste Types3.3. Waste VolumesWaste Volumes

What happens to the Waste:What happens to the Waste:6.6. Waste HandlingWaste Handling7.7. Secondary Processing and PackagingSecondary Processing and Packaging8.8. Waste Transfer and TransportWaste Transfer and Transport

Key Report SectionsKey Report Sections9. Recommended Contents of a Waste

Management Plan10. Waste Management Calculator Job Aid

Appendix A - Waste Generation Data from Shoreline Treatment Operations

Appendix D - Legislation Summary for Arctic Canada (5 levels of government: Inuvialuit – Federal – Northwest Territories – Yukon – Nunavut)

Appendix E - Legislation Summary for Norway (to be completed by 24th April)

Key ConclusionsKey Conclusions

a.a. Volume of waste generated by a response Volume of waste generated by a response operation is a function of management operation is a function of management decisions, decisions, notnot of the volume of the spill. of the volume of the spill.

b.b. Waste transfer depends on boats and Waste transfer depends on boats and helicopters.helicopters.

c.c. ““Traditional” shoreline cleanup methods Traditional” shoreline cleanup methods generategenerate hundreds and even thousandshundreds and even thousands mm33/km. /km.

d.d. In SituIn Situ shoreline treatment can be effective shoreline treatment can be effective and generates very little wasteand generates very little waste..

a. Spill Volume vs Waste Volumea. Spill Volume vs Waste Volume

The volumes and types of waste generated The volumes and types of waste generated by oil spill response activities are NOT a by oil spill response activities are NOT a function of the size of the spill, nor the function of the size of the spill, nor the location, but rather are a direct function of location, but rather are a direct function of decision made by the spill management decision made by the spill management team with respect to:team with respect to:

the response objectives,the response objectives, the treatment endpoints and the treatment endpoints and the response methods.the response methods.

Spill Volume and Waste Volume

0

50

100

150

200

250

300

,000 t

on

nes SPILLED OIL

TOTAL WASTE

WASTE GENERATION

BRAER

AMOCO CADIZ

ERIKA

PRESTIGE

HAVEN

0

50,000

100,000

150,000

200,000

250,000

300,000

350,000

Volume Spilled (tons)

Was

te G

ener

ated

(to

ns)

No Relationship between

Spill Volume and Waste Generated

T/V Exxon Valdez 1770 33000 19T/V Erika 400 21000 53M/V Cosco Busan 101 4200 42M/V Server 40 1300 33M/V Rocknes 45 640 14

RESPONSELength of Oiled

Shoreline (km)

Volume of Waste Generated

(m3)

Waste Volume

m3/km

Case Studies - Waste VolumeCase Studies - Waste Volume

Waste TypesWaste Types

• In 7 of the 10 cases (that is, except In 7 of the 10 cases (that is, except for the for the HavenHaven, , Sea EmpressSea Empress, and , and PrestigePrestige) the ) the solid waste component solid waste component was more than 95% of the wasteswas more than 95% of the wastes that were generated. that were generated.

Solid and Liquid Waste Volumes

050

100150200250300

,000

tonn

esSOLID WASTE

LIQUID WASTE

b. Waste TransferTypical Model

SEA

TREATMENT ELIMINATIONand FINAL DISPOSAL

Long TermStorage

Transport

Transfer

Intermediate storage

site 1

site 2

site 3site 4

site 5

site 6

Intermediate storage

Transport

Primary storage

Model Must be Modified for Model Must be Modified for Remote Area OperationsRemote Area Operations

No roadsNo roads Transfers will be either by Transfers will be either by

- tracked vehicle,- tracked vehicle,

- boat (barge, landing craft), or - boat (barge, landing craft), or

- helicopter.- helicopter.

Remote Area Logistics CostsRemote Area Logistics CostsMinimum long-term charter rates in northern North Minimum long-term charter rates in northern North

America for single-engine helicopters :America for single-engine helicopters : between $3,000 and $5,000 USD/day (ex. fuel)between $3,000 and $5,000 USD/day (ex. fuel) more than $10,000 USD/day for twin-engine craft more than $10,000 USD/day for twin-engine craft larger helicopters (S-92 or Boeing Chinook) up to larger helicopters (S-92 or Boeing Chinook) up to

$50,000 USD/day plus fuel$50,000 USD/day plus fuel. . Barge costs - 100,000 bbl oil-certified barge and tug Barge costs - 100,000 bbl oil-certified barge and tug

combination approx. combination approx. $20,000 to $24,000 USD/day $20,000 to $24,000 USD/day plus fuelplus fuel - fuel costs for transport underway - fuel costs for transport underway typically double the day rate.typically double the day rate.

c. Waste Generation Datac. Waste Generation Data

Very little data exist on volumes of waste generated Very little data exist on volumes of waste generated by shoreline treatment or cleanup except as gross by shoreline treatment or cleanup except as gross totals. totals.

Two Two maximummaximum volumes for specific individual volumes for specific individual shoreline segments of mixed sand, pebble, cobble shoreline segments of mixed sand, pebble, cobble sediments: sediments:

- - Mechanical removal: 4,000 mMechanical removal: 4,000 m33/km (1.3 m/km (1.3 m33/m/m2)2)

- - Manual removal: 2,500 mManual removal: 2,500 m33/km (1.4 m/km (1.4 m33/m/m22) ) In both cases, treatment end points required removal In both cases, treatment end points required removal

of almost all of the oiled sediments. of almost all of the oiled sediments.

d. Shoreline Treatment Optionsd. Shoreline Treatment Options

The preferred options are The preferred options are in situin situ techniques as these do not generate oil techniques as these do not generate oil or oily wastes, only operational or or oily wastes, only operational or logistics waste materials: logistics waste materials:

Natural recovery Natural recovery MixingMixing Sediment RelocationSediment Relocation Burning, andBurning, and Bioremediation. Bioremediation.

Shoreline Treatment OptionsShoreline Treatment Options

These These In situIn situ treatment options are treatment options are particularly attractive for remote area particularly attractive for remote area operations where waste may have to be operations where waste may have to be transferred by boat or helicopter and transferred by boat or helicopter and transported long distances for recycling or transported long distances for recycling or final disposal. final disposal.

4. “4. “Waste Management Calculator Waste Management Calculator ””

Shoreline Treatment Decision Shoreline Treatment Decision Job AidJob Aid

The tool was developed The tool was developed jointly between Polaris jointly between Polaris Applied Sciences, Inc. and Applied Sciences, Inc. and The Oil Spill Training The Oil Spill Training Company Ltd. for the EPPR Company Ltd. for the EPPR Working Group of the Arctic Working Group of the Arctic Council, under the direction Council, under the direction of the Joint Secretariat with of the Joint Secretariat with funding from the funding from the governments of Canada, governments of Canada, Norway and the USA. Norway and the USA.

4.4. ““Waste Management Calculator Waste Management Calculator ””

4.4. ““Waste Management Calculator Waste Management Calculator ””

Developed to assist decision Developed to assist decision makers and planners by indicating makers and planners by indicating the consequences of different the consequences of different decisions with respect four key decisions with respect four key inputs:inputs:• Shoreline Types,Shoreline Types,• Oil Types,Oil Types,• Degree of Oiling, andDegree of Oiling, and• Shoreline Length (optional).Shoreline Length (optional).

4.4. ““Waste Management Calculator Waste Management Calculator ””

Provides three key outputs:Provides three key outputs:• Preferred Shoreline Treatment Preferred Shoreline Treatment

Options,Options,• Oily Waste Volumes, andOily Waste Volumes, and• Waste Types.Waste Types.

TREATMENT TACTIC - VOLATILE OILTREATMENT TACTIC - VOLATILE OIL

SUBSTRATE SUBSTRATE TYPETYPE

Natural Natural RecoveryRecovery

Washing-Washing-RecoveryRecovery

Manual Manual RemovalRemoval

Mechanical Mechanical Removal Removal

In Situ In Situ Mixing-Mixing-

RelocationRelocation

In Situ In Situ BurningBurning

Bio-Bio-remediremediationation

sand-mixed YY YY NN NN NN NN NN

coarse sediment YY YSYS NN NN NN NN NN

cobble-boulder YY YY NN NN NN NN NN

bedrock-solid YY YY YSYS NN NN NN NN

vegetation YY YY NN NN NN YY NN

oiled debris YY NN YY YY NN YY NN

snow YY YY YSYS YY YY YY NN

SUBSTRATE vs TREATMENT OPTION

CALCULATIONSCALCULATIONS

Included:Included: A 3-way matrix for: A 3-way matrix for: - substrate type (- substrate type (77)) - degree of oiling (- degree of oiling (55)) - treatment option (- treatment option (77)) Separate matrices for the Separate matrices for the 55 oil types oil types Separate sets of matrices for the Separate sets of matrices for the 22

treatment end points. treatment end points.

- specific volumes estimates generated by each calculation

- colours correspond to waste volume category

CALCULATIONSCALCULATIONS

One of 10 matrices developed from the calculations

Case Study DataCase Study Data

RESPONSERESPONSEWasteWaste

VolumeVolumeGeneratedGenerated

OilOilWidthWidth(m)(m)

ActualActualCubicCubicm/mm/m

WasteWasteCalculatorCalculatorcu. m/mcu. m/m

T/V T/V ArrowArrowmechanical removalmechanical removal 4,000 m4,000 m33/km/km 33 1.3 - 4.01.3 - 4.0 1.8 – 4.51.8 – 4.5

M/VM/V Selandang Ayu Selandang Ayumechanical removalmechanical removal 2,500 m2,500 m33/km/km 1.51.5 3.53.5 1.8 – 4.51.8 – 4.5

M/V M/V Cosco Busan Cosco Busan - 2007- 2007washing + manual removalwashing + manual removal 42 m42 m33/km/km 22 0.020.02 0.05 – 0.20.05 – 0.2

M/S M/S ServerServer - 2007- 2007washing + manual removalwashing + manual removal 33 m33 m33/km/km ?? ~ 0.03~ 0.03 0.05 – 0.20.05 – 0.2

all Medium or Heavy oil types

STATUSSTATUSWaste Guidelines and StrategiesWaste Guidelines and Strategies

1.1.Report Report – text - – text - (only Appendix E to do)(only Appendix E to do) 2.2. Waste Management CalculatorWaste Management Calculator completed – software will be available 1completed – software will be available 1stst

May 2009 * May 2009 * 3.3. User’s GuideUser’s Guide – completed – completed

All three deliverables will be submitted to All three deliverables will be submitted to Canadian HoD for submission to the Canadian HoD for submission to the EPPR Chair for presentation to the Arctic EPPR Chair for presentation to the Arctic Council Minster’s Meeting in TromsCouncil Minster’s Meeting in Tromsøø on on 2727thth April 2009 April 2009

* a download from www.oilspilltraining.com* a download from www.oilspilltraining.com