The Elderly• Many Elderly

Americans Lost All of their Savings During the Great Depression:– Bank Failures – Stock Market Crash

• Too Old to Work

• Many Lost Their Homes & Had to Beg for Food!

Social Security Act!• American Workers &

Employers Must Make Payments into the Social Security System

• When Americans Retire at 65, They Can Get Their Money Back in Monthly Payments

• Helps Older People Have $$$ When They Retire!

• Known as a Pension System!

Why Do You Think The Social Security Act is Considered One of the Most

Important Accomplishments of FDR and the US?

The 2nd New Deal• More Programs

Created by FDR in 1935 to “Stimulate” the Economy

• The 1st New Deal Helped, But Did NOT Solve the Great Depression!

• Unemployment Was Still Very High!

The 2nd New Deal: WPA

• WPA – Works Progress Administration

• Established Large Scale National Works Programs to Create Jobs!

• More Public Works Projects!

The 2nd New Deal: REA• REA – Rural

Electrification Administration

• Brought Electricity to Rural Areas

• Gave People Jobs!

The 2nd New Deal: NYA• NYA – National Youth

Administration

• Set Up Job Programs for Young People & Helped Them Continue Their Education

• Since Jobs Were Limited, FDR Wanted High School Graduates to Go to College!

The 2nd New Deal: Wagner Act

• Wagner Act

• Protected Workers Rights to Form Unions

• Set Up a National Board (NLRB) to Hear Labor Disputes (Workers vs. Owners)

• HELPED UNIONS!

Social Security Act!• American Workers &

Employers Must Make Payments into the Social Security System

• When Americans Retire at 65, They Can Get Their Money Back in Monthly Payments

• Helps Older People Have $$$ When They Retire!

• Known as a Pension System!

1936 Presidential Election

• FDR Won the 1936 Presidential Election by a Landslide! (Again)

• Business Leaders (Owners) Voted Against FDR – Feared Higher Taxes to Pay for New Deal Programs

• Business Leaders Feared Increasing Government Power!

Working Class & African Americans 1936 Vote

• Working Class Americans Loved FDR (Gave Them Jobs, $$$, Food, Rent)

• FDR’s Programs Helped the Poor - Most African Americans Were Poor

• Why Had African Americans Always Voted Republican Since Abraham Lincoln Was President?

New Deal vs. The Supreme Court

• Supreme Court Ruled in 1935 that Certain New Deal Programs were “Unconstitutional”

• Executive Branch Had to Much Power:– FDR was Making the

Laws & Congress Was Approving Them

– Control of 2 Branches of Government! (Executive & Legislative)

• Violation of Checks & Balances

Essential Questions:

• Should the President of the United States have the power to create laws and programs to help the American People in times of great need?

• Even if he has to “Bend the Rules?”

“Packing the Court”• In 1937, FDR Asked

Congress to Add 6 More Supreme Court Justices (9 + 6 = 15 Total)

• FDR Wanted the New Supreme Court Justices to Approve New Deal Programs

• Plan TOTALLY Backfired!

• Everyone Feared a Dictator in Control of All 3 Branches!

Criticisms

New Deal Programs Don’t Fix

The Great Depression• In 1937, The Economy

Took Another Turn For the Worse:– Unemployment Rose– Factories Fired

Workers

• The New Deal Helped, But Did NOT End the Great Depression!

• FDR Was Blamed! World War II Will End the Great Depression!

Deficit Spending• Deficit Spending is

Using Borrowed $$$ to Fund Government Programs

• Spending $$$ The Government Does Not Have (Public Works Projects)

• Attempts to Create Jobs!

• The New Deal & The 2009 “Stimulus” Package!

Deficit Spending

• Why is it necessary for the government to spend more money than it has during an economic depression? (Hypothesize)

2010 Deficit Spending?

• Can you relate deficit spending to the “economic crisis” and President Obama’s plans (The Stimulus Package) to fix the economy today?

The “2010” New Deal?

Essential Questions:

• Should Rules Ever Be “Bent?”