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THE ETHNIC DIVERSITY SURVEY
Content and Data Availability
Statistics Canada
Statistique Canada
Canadian Heritage
Patrimoine canadien
Ethnic Diversity Survey objectives
To provide information on the ethnic and cultural backgrounds of people in Canada and how these backgrounds relate to their lives today
To provide information to better understand how Canadians of different ethnic backgrounds interpret and report their ethnicity
Survey funded jointly by Statistics Canada and the Department of Canadian Heritage
Target population & sample design
Non-Aboriginal individuals aged 15 and older living in private dwellings in Canada’s ten provinces
57,200 persons selected to be interviewed between April and August 2002
Two-phase stratified sampling design based on responses to the 2001 Census ethnic origin, birthplace & birthplace of parents questions; 15 strata were created
Reference period & data collection
Computer Assisted Telephone interviews April to August 2002
Average length of interview: 35 to 45 minutes
No proxy reporting
42,500 respondents: response rate = 75.6%
Languages of interview
English
French
Mandarin
Cantonese
Italian
Punjabi
Portuguese
Vietnamese
Spanish
Response Rates
Total cases 57,242 100%
Out-of-scope 1,026 2%
Cases in-scope 56,216 98%
Final Response Rate 42,480 76%
Complete 41,097 73%
Partial 1,383 3%
Non response* 13,736 24%
*Includes no contact, refusals, interviews prevented due to the respondent’s medical/ physical condition, language barriers, respondents absent for the duration of the survey, etc.
Content development
Theoretical framework developed
Balance of content, response burden and manageable costs
Operationalization of concepts into workable questions to be asked of a diverse population
Consultation with Advisory Committees
Focus groups, one-on-one testing, pilot test
Survey themes & questionnaire content
Entry
• Age, sex, marital status• Family / household composition
Ethnic self-definition
• Ethnic ancestry• Ethnic identity• Importance of ancestries and identities
Survey themes and content (continued)
Respondent background
• Birthplace
• Citizenship
• Year of immigration
• Other countries lived in
• Visible minority status
• Religion: importance of, participation
Survey themes and content (continued)
Knowledge & use of languages
• First language: understood & spoken
• Knowledge of languages
• Home languages
• Languages used with friends
• Languages used with family to age 15
• Languages used at work
Survey themes and content (continued)
Family background
• Ethnicity, first language, highest level of schooling and religion of mother and father
• Birthplace of parents and grandparents
• Ethno-cultural, immigration, language, education and religion data for spouse
• Language data for child aged 3 or older
Survey themes and content (continued)
Family Interaction
• Frequency of contact with family living in Canada
• Frequency of contact with family living in parents’ & grandparents’ birthplaces and in other countries
• Visits to country of birth & parents’ & grandparents countries of birth
Survey themes and content (continued)
Social Networks
• Friends in ethnic group, up until respondent was age 15 and now
– For 2 highest rated ancestry groups other than “Canadian”
• Importance of carrying on customs and traditions
– For 2 highest rate ancestry groups other than “Canadian” ranked a 4 or 5 in importance in ID module
Survey themes and content (continued)
Civic Participation
• Participation in groups or organizations in the past 12 months (ethnic and other types)
• Frequency of participation (for 3 groups)
• Ethnicity of co-members (for 3 groups)
– For 2 highest rated ancestry groups other than “Canadian” ranked a 4 or 5 in importance in ID module
• Volunteering (for 3 groups)
• Voting in federal, provincial & municipal elections
Survey themes and content (continued)
Interaction with Society
• Feeling uncomfortable because of ethnicity, culture, race, language, religion: up until the age of 15 and now
• Discrimination or unfair treatment in the past 5 years as a result of ethno-cultural characteristics: frequency, reason & place
• Hate crime: experience, reason & worry
Survey themes and content (continued)
Attitudes
• Rating of sense of belonging to family, ethnic group, town/ city/ municipality, province, Canada, North America
Trust & Satisfaction
• General life satisfaction
• Trust: general, family, neighbours, people at work or school
Survey themes and content (continued)
Socio-economic activities
• Highest level of schooling, country of schooling & current school attendance
• Labour force questions, occupation, industry & income (personal & household)
• Ethnicity of co-workers– For 2 highest rated ancestry groups other than
“Canadian” ranked a 4 or 5 in importance in ID module
Ethnic Diversity Survey products
Official release in Statistics Canada’s The Daily September 29, 2003
Analytic article: Ethnic Diversity Survey: portrait of a multicultural society
Analytical file at Research Data Centres
Custom tabulations
Possible Public Use Microdata File (2005)
Research Data Centres (RDCs)
University of British ColumbiaUniversity of CalgaryUniversity of AlbertaUniversity of ManitobaUniversity of Western OntarioUniversity of WaterlooUniversity of TorontoMcMaster UniversityUniversity of MontréalUniversity of New BrunswickDalhousie University
Analytical data file at RDC’s
Access granted through Social Sciences and Humanities Research Council:
http://www.sshrc.ca/web/apply/program_descriptions/ciss_reseach_data_e.asp
Output subject to Statistics Canada’s confidentiality rules, disclosure analysis, data quality, etc.
Final content of the Analytical File
All content from the survey (raw data)
Derived variables
Some 2001 Census information (e.g. major field of study, number of rooms in dwelling)
Postal code and other detailed geographic identifiers are present
Documentation available
Survey overview and questionnaire:
http://www.statcan.ca/english/sdds/4508.htm
Codebooks with and without frequencies
Users’ Guide
WesVar Users’ Guide (bootstrap weights)
Survey weights
Final weights & bootstrap weights (used to determine coefficients of variation) are included on the Analytical File present in the RDCS
A weight is associated with each respondent and must be used for all estimates and analysis
The use of survey weights is crucial
The sampling ratio differs widely from one strata to another;
The final weight assigned to each respondent underwent numerous adjustments for non-response and post-stratification;
The weighting of data ensure that the EDS sample is representative of the target population;
Without the weights : false / misleading results for most types of analysis.
WesVar software
Used to verify coefficients of variation (cvs)
Can also be used for regression analysis
WesVar reads .ssd, .xpt, .sav, .dat and .txt files
Does not alter the original file, but creates a new one; can be used to view or print output
Tip: include all the variables in the first WesVar file you create - otherwise you will need to repeat later and importing files can be slow
Analysis: Level of geography
Good quality data are generally available at national, regional and provincial levels and for Toronto, Montréal and Vancouver CMAs;
Atlantic provinces are always aggregated;
Counts at the census subdivision and municipality level are generally small and the results of survey estimations will probably be unreliable and/or the results may be unsuitable for publication because of the risk of statistical disclosure.
Analysis: Complexity of data
Some concepts are similar yet distinctly different from one another: ancestry, identity, visible minority status, language, religion, etc.
Multiple response variables: e.g. ethnic ancestry, identity, languages, organizations, etc.
Follow-up questions for some topics:
(a) universe is restricted;
(b) requires link to inserted ethnic ancestry/language/group or organization.
Questions?
Jennifer ChardSenior Analyst, Ethnicity & Immigration StatisticsVancouver, B.C.604-666-8880 [email protected]
Marjorie KirkTechnical ManagerEthnic Diversity SurveyOttawa, [email protected]
