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The European Drought Observatory (EDO) Scope and Data Jürgen Vogt, Stefan Niemeyer European Commission Joint Research Centre Institute for Environment and Sustainability Ispra (VA), Italy. http://edo.jrc.ec.europa.eu. Drought. Creeping phenomenon Not a localized event - PowerPoint PPT Presentation
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Expert meeting on European hazard and disaster data - 19/20 May 2010 - Copenhagen 1
The European Drought Observatory (EDO)Scope and Data
Jürgen Vogt, Stefan NiemeyerEuropean Commission Joint Research Centre
Institute for Environment and SustainabilityIspra (VA), Italy
http://edo.jrc.ec.europa.eu
Expert meeting on European hazard and disaster data - 19/20 May 2010 - Copenhagen 2
• Creeping phenomenon
• Not a localized event
• Long-term and far reaching impacts
• To be distinguished from aridity
• To be distinguished from water scarcity
Drought
Expert meeting on European hazard and disaster data - 19/20 May 2010 - Copenhagen 3
Communication on Water Scarcity and Drought
yearly aggregated drought indicators
yearly water scarcity indicators
EDOJRC
European Reporting and Information System (WISE)
WS&D-ISEEA
Global Drought Monitoring System
NetworkNetwork
COM(2007)414Final
EDO Context
Expert meeting on European hazard and disaster data - 19/20 May 2010 - Copenhagen 4
• Web-based Platform for detection, monitoring, forecasting and information exchange
Provide drought-related information at the European scale Mutual exchange of knowledge & methodologies Real-time monitoring and forecasting (early warning,
preparedness)
EDO - Vision
• Multi-scale approach, integrating Continental level MS level Regional level Commonly agreed products (e.g. drought indices) Joint comparison and analysis of information
• Subsidiarity principle European level information + platform (JRC) National datasets managed at MS level Regional information processed by river basin / regional
environmental authorities De-central data holding
Expert meeting on European hazard and disaster data - 19/20 May 2010 - Copenhagen 5
MeteorologicalData
Stations
Fields
Fore- casts
Relevant Authorities: European, Member States, River Basins, …
Communication on Drought and Communication on Drought and Water ScarcityWater Scarcity
Drought Management PlansDrought Management Plans
EDO Map ServerEDO Map Server
EDO System Setup
European Data Layers
LC/LU
Soil
DEM
…
RBs
VEGETATION STATE
Hydrological Processes
MONITORING MONITORING & MODELLING& MODELLING
Land Surface ProcessesRemote SensingData
FAPAR
NDWI
TimeSeries
ProductsProducts
Rainfall Anomalies
Soil MoistureAnomalies
VegetationVigour
…
Expert meeting on European hazard and disaster data - 19/20 May 2010 - Copenhagen 6
• Precipitation
Monthly SPI (for different aggregation periods)1 week forecast
• Soil MoistureDaily soil moistureDaily soil moisture anomalyForecasted soil moisture anomalyForecasted soil moisture trend
• Vegetation statusNDWI 10-day daily compositesfAPAR 10-day composites.fAPAR anomalies 10-day composites.
Current EDO Database – Europe
Coverage of the entire European continent
Expert meeting on European hazard and disaster data - 19/20 May 2010 - Copenhagen 7
Drought Indicator Data source Spatial resolution Temporal resolution
SPI Ground observations 5 Km monthly
Soil Moisture LISFLOOD hydrological model 5 Km Daily
Soil Moisture Anomaly LISFLOOD hydrological model 5 Km Daily
Soil Moisture 7-day Forecast
LISFLOOD hydrological model 5 Km Daily
Soil Moisture 7-day Forecast anomaly
LISFLOOD hydrological model 5 Km Daily
NDWI 10-day composites MODIS satellite sensor 1 Km Daily
fAPAR 10-day composites MERIS satellite sensor 1.2 Km Decadal (10 days)
fAPAR 10-day composites anomaly MERIS satellite sensor 1.2 Km Decadal (10 days)
Content of the EDO Database
Expert meeting on European hazard and disaster data - 19/20 May 2010 - Copenhagen 8
Standardized Precipitation Index (SPI)
http://edo.jrc.ec.europa.eu/
SPI
3-month Standardized Precipitation Index (SPI)for 10-12/2008 aggregated to regional level
Como, IT
0.000 - 0.023Extremely drySPI < -2.00
0.023 - 0.067Severe dry-2.00 ≤ SPI < -1.50
0.067 - 0.159Moderately dry-1.50 ≤ SPI < -1.00
0.159 - 0.841Near normal-1.00 ≤ SPI < 1.00
0.841 - 0.933Moderately wet1.00 ≤ SPI < 1.50
0.933 - 0.977Very wet1.50 ≤ SPI < 2.00
0.977 - 1.00Extremely wetSPI ≥ 2.00
Cumulative probabilityClass nameSPI value
0.000 - 0.023Extremely drySPI < -2.00
0.023 - 0.067Severe dry-2.00 ≤ SPI < -1.50
0.067 - 0.159Moderately dry-1.50 ≤ SPI < -1.00
0.159 - 0.841Near normal-1.00 ≤ SPI < 1.00
0.841 - 0.933Moderately wet1.00 ≤ SPI < 1.50
0.933 - 0.977Very wet1.50 ≤ SPI < 2.00
0.977 - 1.00Extremely wetSPI ≥ 2.00
Cumulative probabilityClass nameSPI value
Expert meeting on European hazard and disaster data - 19/20 May 2010 - Copenhagen 9
Aim Detection of short term changes in precipitation as compared to the long-term average & forecast
ProductionProducer: JRCAlgorithm: EDO SPI processing chain.
Input Data
Meteorological precipitation measures at a daily time step derived from point measurements of around 1800 meteorological stations throughout Europe, and communicated via the Global Telecommunication System (GTS) of WMO.
Input Data provider JRC-MARS database
Temporal resolution Monthly
Spatial resolution 5 Km
NotesCalculated at different time scales (1, 3, 6, 9, 12 months). SPI3 is displayed on the EDO Mapserver.
Data availability JRC Desert Action
References McKee et al, 1993 and 1995 (index description)
Standardized Precipitation Index (SPI)
Expert meeting on European hazard and disaster data - 19/20 May 2010 - Copenhagen 10
Soil Moisture Information
Based on LISFLOOD5km spatial resolution
Soil Moisture
1.8 2.2 2.6 3.0 3.4 3.8 4.2 4.6 5.0 very wet very dry
13 April 2010
Soil Moisture Anomaly
-4 -3 -2 -1 0 1 2 3 4 wetter normal drier
13 April 2010
-4 -3 -2 -1 0 1 2 3 4 wetter normal drier
Soil Moisture Anomaly Forecast (7 days)
Until 22 April 2010 Until 22 April 2010
Soil Moisture Trend (7 days)
wetter no change drier
Expert meeting on European hazard and disaster data - 19/20 May 2010 - Copenhagen 11
Aim Modelling of soil moisture (current situation and one week forecast)
Production Produced by JRC LISFLOOD hydrological model
Input Data Meteorological data, soil data, DEM, …
Input Data provider JRC-MARS database (MARS-STAT activity-IPSC/JRC) and DWD forecast data.
Temporal resolution Daily
Spatial resolution 5 Km
Notes Soil moisture is presented in form of soil suction (pF) values of the top soil layer.
Data availability JRC DESERT Action
ReferencesDe Roo et al. (2000) (model)Laguardia and Niemeyer (2008) (quality evaluation against radar soil moisture estimates)
Soil Moisture Information
Expert meeting on European hazard and disaster data - 19/20 May 2010 - Copenhagen 12
NDWI, decade 2-11 May 2010.
Spectral index correlated with the vegetation water content.
Calculated every day from the previous 10 MODIS images available.
Time-composite algorithm.
Normalized Difference Water Index (NDWI)
Expert meeting on European hazard and disaster data - 19/20 May 2010 - Copenhagen 13
Aim Vegetation water content detection
ProductionProducer: JRC Algorithm: EDO NDWI processing chain.
Input Data MODIS images pre-processed by DLR
Input Data provider JRC FOREST Action
Temporal resolution Daily
Spatial resolution 1 Km
Notes 10-day Maximum Value time composites.
Data availability JRC DESERT Action
References Gao (1996) (index description)
NDWI 10-day Composites
Expert meeting on European hazard and disaster data - 19/20 May 2010 - Copenhagen 14
Photosynthetic Activity (fAPAR)
fAPAR, 21-31 May 20091km resolution
fAPAR Anomaly, 21-31 May 2009
• Calculated from MERIS and SeaWIFS data (1997 )• http://fapar.jrc.ec.europa.eu
Fraction of Absorbed Photosynthetically Active Radiation (fAPAR)
Expert meeting on European hazard and disaster data - 19/20 May 2010 - Copenhagen 15
Aim Vegetation status indicator
Production
Producer: ESAAlgorithm: JRC MGVI algorithm (adopted by ESA for the operational production of MERIS Level-2 Land Products), time compositing and spatial aggregation level-3 algorithms.
Input Data MERIS Level-2 Land Products (ESA)
Input Data provider ESA
Temporal resolution Decadal (products available 6 days after the end of the considered decade)
Spatial resolution 1.2 Km
Notes 10-day composites produced following the approach by Pinty et al. (2002)
Data availability ESA. Data freely distributed through the ESA Service Support Environment (SSE)
References
Gobron et al. (2004) (MGVI description),Aussedat et al. (2007) and Pinty et al. (2002) (compositing algorithms), Gobron et al. (2007) (evaluation).
fAPAR 10-day Composites
Expert meeting on European hazard and disaster data - 19/20 May 2010 - Copenhagen 16
Aim Indicator of anomalies in vegetation development.
ProductionProducer: JRCAlgorithm: EDO fAPAR anomalies production chain.
Input Data MERIS Level-3 Aggregated Products (ESA) and SeaWiFS fAPAR products (JRC).
Input Data provider ESA and JRC
Temporal resolution Decadal (products available 6 days after the end of the considered decade)
Spatial resolution 1.2 Km
Notes
10-day composites produced following the approach by Pinty et al. (2002).MERIS time series (2002-now) are extended with SeaWiFS fAPAR estimations obtained with a fully compatible algorithm developed at the JRC.
Data availability JRC DESERT Action
References Rossi et al. (2008) (drought detection); Gobron et al. (2002) (SeaWiFS fAPAR algorithm)
fAPAR Anomaly 10-day Composites
Expert meeting on European hazard and disaster data - 19/20 May 2010 - Copenhagen 17
EDO Map Server: Output Options
Maps (Grid and administrative units)
Time Series (Specific queries possible)
PDF Reports, JPGs
KML file
Expert meeting on European hazard and disaster data - 19/20 May 2010 - Copenhagen 18
Next Steps
1. Further development and validation of indicators2. Building of composite indicator
1. Integration with MS and Regional Systems setup of a data and information infrastructure (EUROGEOSS)
Inter-regional level:- Drought Management Centre for South East Europe (DMCSEE)
National level:- Observatorio Nacional de Sequias (ONS), ES- Portail national d'Accès aux Données sur les Eaux Souterraines, BRGM, F- Italy, UK, Finland (WS&D Expert Network)
Regional level:- Confederacion Hidrografica del Ebro (CHE)
Expert meeting on European hazard and disaster data - 19/20 May 2010 - Copenhagen 19
Next Steps
•Study on the Carpathian Climate- data rescue, harmonisation, analysis- drought indicators and link to EDO
•DB on past drought events?- first study end 1990s- media monitor
EDO Prototype to be ready by end 2012
Expert meeting on European hazard and disaster data - 19/20 May 2010 - Copenhagen 20
More Information
[email protected]://desert.jrc.ec.europa.eu
http://edo.jrc.ec.europa.eu