Ni)l-ES ON THE TYPES OF DIPTERA NEMATOCERA (MYCETO- PHILIDAE AND TIPULIDAE) DESCRIBED

BY MR. E. BRUNETTI.

B y F. W. EDWARDS.

(Published by l)e~.mission o j the Trustees o j the 31,itish !lIuseu~w.)

On his return froni India in June 19" Mr. Brunetti hrought with him on loan froin the Indian lluseunl a rel)resentative set of all the Ncnia- tocerous Diptera (excluding Sciarinae, Ceeidoiuyiidac, Chirononlidae :rnd Culicitlac) contained in the collections of that institution. Included in the material so borrowed were the types of the great majority of the species described by him since 1908.

The re-es~inination by Air. Brunetti and tlie present writer h:is brought t o light so lllail?- points. hot11 in regard to eorreetions in syno- nyliiy and det:rils of structure i ~ o t notecl a t the time of deucription, that \VC have thought it desirable to bring :?l1 tliese together and publish them in one paper. In the notes vliich folio\\., zlthough the present autlior is of course alone responsible for st:st,en~ents niacle, it is only right to statc that ill regard to the Til~~llidne the concll~sions were arrived a t in conjunction wit11 hlr. B~unet t i , and tliat ill nc:~rly every case (esccpting oilly some cases of generic location) he is in agrcelllent with the results as here given.

Tlie species are dealt with under thc genera itild in the ellronological order in \~li ich tlley \\.ere describccl by Ijrunctti. For brevity, " Kcc.'' is used for " Ileeortls oj ' t l~e lirtlint~ -1It~s~'~!,tt," ancl '' F ~ L I L I I U " for '' FCLZI,I/!L o j Britis11 India, Dipleru ~\'c,)tctlocern." Where the nctnal type was not re-exaiiiinetl, c o i ~ ~ i i ~ e n t lias as a ~ u l e been oi~~i t ted , because in somu cases it appeared that a inistake had been nlnrle in identitication of the exanlplcs which were brought to Lolldon to represent t,he species.

r l few additional corrections have been luatlc by Dr. C. P. iilexandcls (I~fsecutor It~scilicte, i, 1913, pp. 115-120) and adopted by Bir. Urunetti in his later 60i-k.

Macroceia brunnea (Fnzinu, 53). This diffe1-j from all the other species described by Brunetti in hnving dcnse nlacrotrichia on the apical lialf of the wing. Tip of R1 ~nucli swollen, also the lniddlo part of Rs .

M. elegans (E'uuna, 51). The figure is incorrect in showing a crosu- vein in cell C z ~ l and in showing Sc darltcned. The antennle are longer than in the other species, nearly four tinies as long as the body.

M. inconspicua (Fauna, 54). Eyes nnusually large, the lateral ocelli touching the cyc-margins. Claspcrs peculiar, with a sharp sinu- ous bjackeued tooth about the middle, a pale finger-like projeetioi~ just beyond it, and onc black claw a t the tip (not two as described).

[ ,091 1

292 Records o/ the I~rdiuu Jluseun~. [VOL. XYVI, P M. ferruginea (Fauna, 56). This is alniost certainly the female of

X. ancojzs~cun. Platyura suffusinervis (Fauna, 60). Differs from all the other

~pecies described by, Brunetti in the forrn of the antennae, which are not only conspicuously flattened, but have the p i n t s of attachment of the short, deep segiilents nmch above the middle, as in Cerol~latus ; the species is ho\\,ever excluded froin Cc~oplatus by its long slender palpi. I t also differs from all Bruuetti's species except P. itrdistinclo in having the pleurotergites distinctly hairy. 'She fine setae of the tibiae are not arranged in conspicuous rows.

P. apici~ennis (Fntcna, Gl). This belongs to the group of species (P. Ju.sciatn Ng. and allies) which have the ple11rotergites bare; post- notuin pointed, with a few sliort bristles at its tip ; fine tibial setae arranged in conspicuous longitudinal rows ; 811 not reaching the wing- margin.

P. affinis (Fnrolcc, 62). Evidently near P. upicipa~nis, though the type is ninch daul~ged and rubbed. Difiers in the rather longer antennae (basal flagellar segluents quite as long as broad), longer costa (extending nci~rly half-way from IZ4+5 to X I ) , longer K2+3 and rela- tively shorter third section of the costa (less than half as long as the fourth).

P. marginata (Fale~la, 62). Oidy paratype male esamined : agrees, with description except that the \\-hole \ving-tip is dark. I t is probably the inale of P. n@nis. The Icilialc iiicntioned by Brunetti fro111 Kaini Tal belongs to another species altogether.

P. flaviventris (l~nlintc, G.1). Nearly allied to the two preceding? but distinct by the abdoiliinnl coloration. The ii~esonotuin shoulcl h:~vc been described as brownish with three darker stripes, less sharply defined than in P. n#)tis.

P. vicina (Fmr)rcc, 63). Ple~~rotergites and postnotunl bare, but An distinctly reaching the wing-~iiargin tliough faint to\vards the tip. B slight cloud bclow the apical half of Cu7. Ninth tergite of ii1ale tri- lobed (oile of tho types is a male).

P. octosegmentata (Puuna, 6-1). I'leurotergites and postnotuill bare ; AIL reaching the margin. Costa not reaching quite half-way from R,1+5 to X I .

P. ruficornis (Ftcu~ta, 64). Pleurotergites bare, povtnotuin with a few small bristles a t tlie tip. d ) ~ abbreviated as are also !]I2 and Cul. Costa reaching inore than half-\wy from K4+5 to ill1 ; third costal division quite tn-o-thirds as long as the fourth. The type is from Sylhet, 2.ii.05 ; the male mentioned from Maini Tal is a different, undescribed species. P. indistincta (Fauna, 65). Pleurotergites hairy ; postnotum bare

and not much produced. An faint and not quite reaching the margin. ' R2+3 ending quite close to the tip of RI. Antenna? somewhat flattened, but the segments articulated in the, middle. Male claspers eimple, ending in a single black apine. .

P. loneifurcata (Fautm, 65). Structurally rather similar to P. uicina, but ninth tergite of male bilobed, not trilobed.

1924.1 F. \V. EDWARDS : Diptera Nemutoceru. 293

P. funerea (Fauna, 65). As pointed out by Brunetti, this is pecu- liar in having only two ocelli, placed close together as in iJIywmyia. Pleurotergites and postnotum bare. An not quite reaching the margin ; m-cu nearly vertical.

P. flavomarginata (Fauna, 66). Apparently nearly allied to P. uicina. Abdomen of type lost.

P. fumipes (Fauna, 66). Pleurotergites and postnotum bare. An reacbing the margin close to tip of Cu2, ~n-cu coutinuing the direction of Culu. Sc reaching well beyond the base of Rs.

Isoneuromyia annandalei (Faz~ntc, 67). This is a Plutgura belong- ing to the same group as P. grandis Brun. and P. fumipes Bru6:

I. rufescens (Fauna, 559). Diflers especially from P. unnandt Eei in having the anteimae iuuch less flattened and a trifle longer (not shorter) but evidently belongs to the same group.

Mycomyia flaviventris (Fauna, 72). The type is a fenlale, not ,z ~nale. Sc ends in R I (not free as stated in the key). Fork of Cu beyond base of r-m. Evidently belongs to the group of 111. trilineata Zett. '

Possibly the female of -11. flacitliorax Brun. M. bifascipennis (Fauna, 72). The type of this species is also a

female ; subgenus Neotmpheria. M. basalis (Pauna, 73) and M. tinctipennis (Fauna, 74) are both

typical members of the subgenus Neotwzpheria with a vein-like fold between R4+5 and 1111, and the costa extendimg well beyond Rd+5.

M. ferruginea (Faz~na, 74). This is also a Neoempl~eria, although the spurious vein is not well marked, and the costa only extends slightly beyond R 4+5. The specimen from Kurseong is labelled type, although it agrees better with the description of the second specimen. The figure

l of the wing is inaccurate in several respects, e.g., in showing 8~ complete and i omitting the apical darkening of the \vings. M. trilineata (Fauna, 75). Belongs to illycm~~yza S. str., as do

all the remaining species. Mid coxa with long spur. Scutelluili with four bristles. First segment of front tarsus slightly longer than the tibia. Fork of Cu before base of T-911. The name is preoccupied by ill. tri- linenfa Zett., but a substitute is unnecessary as the species appears to be identical with the European JI. winnertzi Dz.

M. indefinita (Fauna, 7G). Mid coxa with short spur, as in AI. incisu~ato Zett. First segment of front tarsus longer than the tibia. A slight dark cloud over 7-11, and the small cell. Fork of Cu imme- diately before the base of r-m. Fork of $1 twice as long as its stalk.

M. indica (Fauna, 76). Mid coxa with long spur. First segment of front tarsus as long as the tibia. Fork of Cu well before the base of r-m.

M. flavithorax (Fauna, 77). Structurally identical with the species Dziedzicki has figured as M. a&nis Staeg., though this is a case of mistaken identification. The colour differences are unimportant, the species being very variable in this respect. The correct name for the species iB M.jmbriah (hfg.).

M. curvilinea (Fauna, 77). Mid coxa with short spur, and in other respects resembling 81. incisurata Zett.,though with different hypopygium. Apical (not basal) margins of tergitee paler. Fork of ill aa long ee its

291 Rccords of tlre Indian Museum. [VOL. XXVI,

stalk. The spcciinen from Darjiling (Bruizetti) and another from Bho- wali (Ii~irtw), also labelled type, belong t o two different, undescribed spccies.

Polylepta dubiosa (Fauna, 79). This is nearly allied to the Euro- pean P. undulata Winn., differing in having dense small microtrichia (dot-like under a magnification of 100) as well a s macrotrichin on the wings. I n P. undulata there are no microtrichia. Venation much as in P. undulah, but iEll not interrupted a t tho base. Thore are thrco occlli, the median ono quite distinct.

P. incerta (Fauna, 79). The type is a male Mywmyia, closely related to 31. cinerascens Zett., but differing slightly in the hypopygium.

Cnoriste brevirostris (Pauna, 83). The type iy a female (not ~nale) Boletina. Pleurotcrgitos hairy ; postnotuu bare. A small brown cloud over the stalk of drl and base of fork.

Palaeoanaclinia flavohirta (Fauna, 8G). A Boletina. Pleurotergites bare. Sc ends above base of Rs ; Sc2 absent. Costa reaching barely a third of the way from R4f 5 t o 1111.

Greenomyia nigricoxa (Fauna, 87). Brunetti in his recent cata- loguo has sunk this genus under Lsia, bnt though it is evidently related to Leia I bolieve it to be cluite distinct, chiefly by having the lateral ocolli far retuored f rou the eye-uargins, and C'zcl not detached a t the bme.

Odontopoda indica (Fauna, DO). This is an Ant~liititc, quite close to 'l. nemralis Mg., diifering chiclly in having only a few i~~w,rotrichia towards the tip of the wing, mainly in cell 121.

Anomalomyia indica (Pauna, 91). By the position of the ocelli clove togethcr on the front, and the absence of a c o u b on the hind tibia, this is nearer t o G'recnoinyia than to Anon~:clon~gia, thougll differiug froiu Greetionbyin in having the costa produced and C'ul detacllell a t the base. Yroln dcrodioamia, i t diEers in the absence of Sc2 and the comparativo shortness of r-m, as well as in the position of the ocelli.

Leia insignis (Fauna, 101). The type is a luale, not fcinale, well dist~i~lguished by the estraordinarily long and poiilted paraineres.

L. nigra (F(LIL)I(I, 101). This is a Greeito~)iyia, differing froill G'. ~ a i y r i w ~ ~ u in the black femora and front cosae, and distinctly sliortcr Sc.

Rhymosia flavolimbata (Fali/la, 103). Tliis is i ~ o t a Rhy,nosiu, but belongs to that group of Leiomyici (Leia Joh.) in which the lateral ocelli arc all but in contact with tlie eyes, Sc 2 is faint and placed before the iriiddle of Sc, the tip of wliich is also very faint.

R. genitalis (Putrt~cc, 104). This is a Trichonla, belonging to the slrrall atypical group of s1,ecies which have a fairly strong basal bristle on thc hind cosa. Upper clasper long and narrow, with three loiig bristles a t the tip.

R. albolaterdis (Fauna, 104). A true Rlby~nosia. Third scgiiicnt of front tarsus rather suddenly narro.wed towartls the tip,, with a row of six short blunt spines, fifth vcry slender, a little longer than fourth, claws barely distinguishable.

R. annulicornis (E'(zlrnu, 105). A Leiomyia, nearly relatt d to L. /lauolirnbata, though with very different hypopygiuiu.

R. humeralis (Fnuna, 106). Another Leioniyia, related to the last, but again with very different hypopygiuu.

Macrobrachius loqicosta ( F a t i ~ ~ u , 109). Type not examined, but the figure of the genitalia raises the suspicion that i t may be a n Exechia.

Phronia simplex (Fnuna, 111). This is really a n Exechia, related to E. basilinea, but distinct. Rs straight, r-nt about twice as long as the stalk of >l.

P. semifumata (Fauna, 111). Type not examined, but by fignrc of genitalia is evidently an Exechia.

Mycetophila cinctiventris (F(c~cn(c, 115). The type is a . fcinalc (not inale) Delopsis. Ventral bristles of second abdominal segnlent distinct. Mid-tibial bristles 5 dorsal, 3 external, 4 ventral, 1 internal. A slight but quite distinct dark cloud over r-?,L.

M. quadrifasciata (Fauna, 115). The chaetotosy of thc mid- tibiae is solnewhat nnusual : 6 dorsal, 3 estcrnal, 3 vcnt,ral, 4 internal, also oiic out of line, a t two-thirds of the length of the tibia, between the. dorsal 2nd esternal rows.

M. suffusa (Fa~rncc, 117). Related t'o the European ill. czlzeki Landr., the wing being the snine. Mid-tibial formula 5.3.2.3.

M. himdayensis (Fou~t(c, 117). A Dclopsis, ideritical with D. ci,tc/it~e~ztris (Brull.). I n solne speciliicns the fifth as well as the fourth abdoiirinal tcrgite is yellow lat,crally a t thc base.

M. binotata (Founci, 118). Appears to be only n varicty of the European ill. li/~eol(i JIg. ; no new naiilc is therefore rcquired, although ill. trinolola has been used before by Haliday.

Delopsis collaris (Fau/ltr, 110). As this nalnc is preoccupied by D. (~ll~/celol~hilu) colltwis Enderlcin, I have already rcnauled i t D. bru- nellii. 3Iid-tibial formula 5.4.3.0, heilce quite distinct froin D. ciucli- Cenlris.

Euryschalis spectralis ( F ~ ~ L L I K L , 560). This is a typical u~clllber of thc genus Coelosia.

TIPULIDAE.

Dicranomyia niamoripennis (Fauna, 3G9). Identical with Rhil~i- din pulclim de Meij., which apparently bclongs to Alcsander's subgenus Ar1bbipidia of Rliipidm.

D. demarcata (Founcc, 370). Evidently a Rhipidicc (S. str.), very close to jucone,~sis dc Meij. Flagellar scgtrlents with short necks (8) aiid irluch enlarged vcntrolly. Sc ending a littlc before luiddlc of Rs.

D. absens (Fauncc, 373). Type not brought to London. D. saltans (Fauna, 373). These speci~nens are evidently wrongly

detcrnrined as Doleschall's spccies, on account of the venation and the conspicuonsly darkened tips of the wings. I n U) opinion they are D. (Tliryplico~nyia) apicalis (Wied.).

0. frdteind (Fc'cluna, 378). Very close to the European D. didymn Mg., differing in the absence of any dark cloud a t the tip of the wing.

0, fas~fpennis (Fauna, 379). Apparently identical with D. fullo- wayi Alex., probably also, as suggested by Brunetti, with D. yunctulatu de Meij., this last being the oldest nanie.

298 Rewrds of the Indian ~liusezim. [VOL. XXm,

D. subfascipennis (Farina, 380). Very near D. [rnterna and the European D. didyma Mg., differing from both chiefly in the absence of the black tips to the femora.

D. ornatipes (Fautla, 380). Not a Dicranotnyia a t all, but a Gono- myin, identical with D. (LipopAleps) pilifera de Meij.

D. cinerascens (Faclncr, 381). Flagellar segn~ents shortly oval, short-haired. " Rost~rurn '' of hypopygium long, with two rather long and slender spines. Scl ends above base of Rs, Sc 2 well before i ts tip. The dark seam extends along the whole of CPL.

D. delicata (Fauizn, 363). Very si~nilar t o D. choren Jlg., perhaps tlie same, but female only exantined. Flagellar segments shortly oval, short-haired. Stignta grey on the basal part only, other~vise faint. Slight cloud a t tip of Rs.

D. flavobrunnea (Fauna, 381). Flagellar segments oval, hairs half as Iong again as the segments. A 3 from Chota Nagpur looks the same, except for position of Cti-a far before the discal cell. I t has two short, widely separated spines on the " rostrun~."

D. fortis (Fauna, 383). Brunetti has evidently mistaken a some- what abnormal Q ovipositor for a 3 hypopygiuni. il sl~ecinlen (pam- type) brought to London agrees with the description. Flagellar segnlents e1ongat,e, except tlie first three or four, long-haired. This is very close to D. nongkodj(l<ljaretl.sis de Meij., but has no trace of darkening on the cross-veins.

D. niqrithorax (Fauna, 385). Close to the European D. morio. Type not examined. I n a female specinien the apparent 15th antenna1 segincnt appears t o be only the narrow apical portion of the 14th. Sc ending slightly beyond base of Rs.

D. subtessellata (Fauna, 565). Genus Rhipidin (S. str.), very near R. ttlnculata Mg. Antennae shrivelled in t ype ; as far as can be seen tlte basal flagellar segments have each t\vo appendages, last two segments simple, previous three each with one short appendage. Sc ending just before middle of Rs (the most obvious dist,inction f~oi i i R. maculntn). This species has recently been rcdescribed by Senior-White as Rhipidiu zeylnnica.

D. bicinctipes (F(iunn, 566). Very close to D. kobusi de RIeij,, as determined by Brunetti. Flagellar segi~tents oval, with short necks, dorsal hair not distilictly differentiated. Fleshy lobes of hypopygi~im elongate. Tibiae with the ground-colour white, not brownish-yellow. Pre-arcular portion of the wing not so elongate as in Thryptzcomyia. Rs rather short, Ax solnewhat sinuous, anal angle faintly indicated.

D. columbina (Filuna, 567). Very close to D. tipulipes Karsch but R with two dark areas besides those a t the base and tip. The species occurs in Africa as well as Indin (Brit. Mus. Coll.), and has probably been described under other names.

D. approximata (Fauna, 567). A h o s t identical with D. lortis Brun. but the wings are transparent, without t he brawn tinge of B. fortis ; they are also aomewhnt narrower in proportion t o their length.

D. innocens (Fauna, 568). Flagellar segments shortly oval, short- haired. Two shortish spines on rostrum of hypopygium. Sc2 close; t o t ip of Scl. Tip of R I turned sharply up a t 7. This is probably

1924.1 P. W. EDWARDS : Diptera Nematocera. 297

identical with D. sordida (Fauna, 382) ; a paratype Q of the latter agrees in all important respects.

D. bicolor (Rec. xv, 285). 9 very distinct species probably better referred t o Limnobia. The hypopygiun~ is rather renlarkable, the fleshy lower clasper carrying n long pointed appendage blackened a t its tip, similar in fonn to t,he upper clasper but ~vi th a blunt ended basal arm. Sc ending far beyond base of Rs, Sc2 close to its tip.

D. prominens (Rec. xv, 285). Sc ending much before the base of Rs, alntost a s f a r as the length of Rs.

D. niveiapicalis (Rec. xv, 285). This is not a Dicrn~zotn~in. Ih inany respects i t resembles a Teucholubis, and may perhaps be 2derred t o tha t genns for the present, but on account of the peculiar structure of the antennae and palpi a new genus might well be formed for it. The basal six flagellar segments are almost united into a large cone, with short dense ln~bescence, remainder (6-8 segments, probably 6 but not easy t o count) very slender, \vit,h long hairs. Palpi very short, second segment s\vollen, nearly globrilar, third and fourth small, together much . smaller than the second. Pleura with tin-0 broad deep chocolate-brown stripes, the 1011-er one extending from the neck t o the base of the abdomen. Tibiae pure white toyards the tips, tarsi lttostly snow-white, clnlrs large and simple, empodia present,. Ctrla and r-tn a t about the sanle level, well beyond base of discal cell. Cl12 cilrl-ed down~rards a t tip. Alexander's Litt,tzobia (?) ~ e ~ r c l ~ o l n b i ~ ~ a , receittlp described from Fiji, is evidently closely related to this species, thoiigh not identical with it.

D. pictipes (Rec. xv, 286). very close t o bicirrctipes Brun., and kobusi de JIeij., differing from the former in haling the mid femora longer and more slender, and the brown cloud over the base of Rs mueh more distinct.

Ceratostephanus antennatus (Rec. r i . 272). As already known: this is a Rkipidia, nearly allied to R. ~~rncrrlntn Alg. Apparently dis- tinguishable froin R. .s~tbt~.sselrrtn (Brun.) by the shorter Sc, which ends only very slightly beyond the base of Rs, ancl hy the presence of a rather llrge and distinct grey spot orer the base of Rs ancl the tip of Sc.

. Limnobia festiva (Fatrwn, 400). Seeills to be rather Q Dicraiiotti yin than a Litnnobicr, t,hough thc niale claspers ere sillall and conceeled. Claws with one sittall sub-basal tooth, empodiuni siiiall. lying mark- ings not quite so strong as shown in the fignre.

L. tinctinervis (Focina, 101). A Dicrniroti~~yicr, identical with D. plrnc/icos/a Brun.

L. indica (Fncctta, 401). On venational characters (the long and rather curved cell R + 3 , and tlie condit.ion of the inedia, cell h1 being distinctly longer tlian cell 2nd h12 : or in other words, the anterior instead of the posterior branch of the fourth longitudinal vein being forked) this species seems to be nearer to Libnotes than to Limnobia. The relationship t o Libnotes is also indicated by the structure of the hy- popygium, which is of the Dicranomyia type as iu all typical Libnotes. L. indica is very close to, if not identical with the species described by van der Wulp as Dicranoptycha signaticollis. . .

L. trimaculata (Fau2a, 402). This is nearly allied to L. indica, aqd like tha t speciesshould probably alsobe referred to Libnotes. Both

2 98 Records of tlte Indian Mztsacm. [J'oL. XXVI.

arc evidently related t o Libnotes pictn Alcx. from Guanl, and L. mm- tirngans Ales. from Java.

L. longinervis (Fnltno, 403): Certainly a Libnotes. I n the typc the ming-n1arl;i11gs are m ~ ~ e h less conspicuous than is indicated in Hru- netti's figllre, g r o ~ ~ n d colour pale grey. No markings on pleura. Out,cr flngellar s c g m c ~ ~ t s mt,hcr c lonp te , the last twice as long as the pcn111- timatc.

L. centralis (Fntina, 403). Intermediate between Limnobia and Libnoles, t l ~ o ~ ~ g l i perhaps with more affinity with the former, since c ~ l l s 1111 and ?I,// 1112 arc eql~al, and the hypopygi11111 is of thc Limptobin type. Very close indeed t o L. nigrn, hypopygium practically idcntical. but venation differs somcx~*hat; discal cell shorter and broader, and Rs longer, almost equalling R 2+3.

L. niveipes (Fnnnn, 404j. Perhaps a true Limnobio, but differs in some rcspects from tlie typical f o r ~ l ~ s of t,he genus. Flagellar segment,s mthcr elongntc nval, x~ithout necks, and r i t h o ~ ~ t long dorsa l l~ai rs . Tnrei short, ha.snl hnlf of first sep~nent 11lacl<: apical half wl~ite like the remaining scgu~cnts. Wings rather narrowed a t base: no definitc anal angle, A2 sinl1o11s nenr l~asc .

L. nigra (Fc~rcna, 404). This is identical with the Australian L. bidentata Skuse, specimens of nhich are in the British i\Iuseun~ collection from Queensland (Bnncrolt) and have been compared with Brunetti's type: There is no strnctural difference. Some of the ilustralian specnuens have a pale area on the sides of the praescutum and on the pleura, but others agree n i th Brunetti's type in having these parts dark like t he rest of the thorns. This is therefore a most interesting casc of extremely viiclc distribution in a sinall, obscure, and apparently unconl- mon cmnefly. The species is perhaps hetter refcrrcd to Libnoles than to Limnobia ; a t any ratc the venation is practically the same as in Libnotes nigricornis Ales.

L. triangularis (F/tlt,t/r, 3 0 G ) . Tl~is is r e ~ l l y nn di;Ioclt//, verJ- near A. unilinentn Brun., but pcriiaps distinct (legs and stigma darker).

L; flavocincta (Rcc. s v , 289). The ycllow colour of the venter of the second specimen, mentioned by Brunctti, is due to its being covered '

with ~nitcs. Front tarsi all d a ~ l i . nlid tarsi some~vllat p l c a t tips only. Sc ends beyond the middle of Rs. Tip of RI tnmcd sharply upwards and cq~~a l l i ng T in length, a rather long spur continncs the direct,ion of R l . Ctdn a t base of discal cell. Wings brownish, stignla oval, dark brown.

L. marginata (Rec. xv, 290). A true Limnobirr. Outer flagellar segments rather elongate. Ccrci extremely short, though the ninth segment is large.

L. confinis (Rec. xv, 290). Also a true Li?nnobia. The antennae are remarkable in having onelong hair on each oval flagellnr segment, as i n Thrypticonyia. Nypopygium of simple structure. Wings mnch infuscated, not iridescent.

L. bi~unctata (Rec. xv, 291). Also probably n true Limnobia, but idcntical wit11 Dicrctnom?jin bicolor, described on a p re~ ions page in the anme paper..

1924.1 P. W. EDWARDS : Diptera Nemo~ocera. 299

L. tritincta (Rec. xv, 291). This is certainly a Libnotes and not a Limnobin ; the ccll 1111 is distinctly longer than cell ?nd M2. The other venational detail mentioned by Brurlctti (the straight Rs) is charac- teristic of one group only of Libnolcs, and not of tlie whole genus as he supposed. The present spccics appears to be nearly allied to L. nert'osa dc AIeij.

L. IonGpennis (Rec. s v , 392). L. 5-notnta (Rer. sv , 292) and L. nigrescens (Rec. xv, 393) arc all correctly placed in Limnobia. The last two are nearly allied, resentbling L. un>brrrta (de JIeij.) but with hypopygium of simpler struct,nre. L. l o~g ipc~ l i i s is strl~c tun l ly idcntj- cal with L. i)lfixa Walker of New Guinea, of which it is doubtlcsg merely a darker variety.

L. punctithorax (Rec. XV, 293). Genus Libnotes. Tip of R 1 turned sharply up to costa, a little shorter than .Y, with which it makes n very obtusc angle. Rs straight and rather short, its branches long and curved. Discal cell about t ~ ~ i c e as long as broad. square a t hase. Cells M1 and 2nd M 2 equal. c2110 just bcforc middle of discnl cell. .

Atypophthalmus holopticus (Rec. vi, 273). The genus cannot he maintained: bu t rn l l~ t fall under eit,hcr Dir?'nncnl?ji/t or Liq~lnfibirt; de i\Ieijcrc and Alexander x~-onld fa!-0111. the former, though I incline to the latter. The species is idcntical xx-ith Dionno~~lyict z!nrb,.r~ln de IIeij.

Geranomyia genitalis (Rcc. vi, 2'75). This appears to be itlcntical with G. ,fle/cl~eri E d r .

G. circipunctata (Fauna, 390). This proves to have a very wide distribution? as it has been redcscribed from Java by de IIeijere as G. dccemguttnla and by Alexander from Queensland as G. (Pseltdaparosa) ?.enustitl~oraz.

G. flaviventris (Rec. s v , 289). Estrcmely sinlilar to [G. ~clni- ntrialo, but fleshy claspers longer.

Aporosa aurantia (Rec. sv , 288). An Slepl/nn/oi~!~i,t. v)elonging to the salnc grollp as B. rTelec/it/rr (\\'all;.), E. e,qi~gin tle Jleij., ancl E. J~ t sconr r ty i~~n l~ (End.), being evirlelltly cloficly nllicd to the last nanicd. First scapal segment g lob~~lar , like the secontl. Flaprll~lnl with l2 distinct segments, vert,icils very loll:. five times the le~~,nt,h of the SPK-

~:leilt,s. Rs rather short, strongly arched a t its basc. R ?+S strongly :l,rched 1lpwards a t its base, then running close t o and parallel rrit,h RI. Cell very narrow. All vcins very distinct, blacli.

Rhamphidia abnormalis (Rec. xv, 296). Tl~is is probably identical with R. (BtsrA~zmphitlia) niceitorszs Skuse.

Conithorax (Rec, xv, 29s), as has already been pointed 011t by ;Zlcx- ander, is a synonym of Cernloclreilus. The presence of a cornic~~lus on the front is not, as 1 formerly supposed, a constant eharaetcr of this genus. C. lntiJrons (Rcc. xv, 299) h x no cornicnlus, and C. bret-ifrons (Rec. xv, 300) has only a very n~innte one.

Teucholabis insignis (Fauna, 430). I doubt if this is more 'than a Varietv of T. /enestrnta O.S. Thc pcculiar hypopygium is almost identical in strncture, ns arc the fifth stcrnites.

T. biannulata (Fnltna, 430). This is not a Tevcholnbis but a Lim- probably :, ";rriety of L, csnn~tlifen~ltr dc l lc i j . , from which it,

300 Records of lhe Indian M u s e ~ t m . [VOL. XXVI.

only differs in having the extreme tips of the femora pale ; the hypo- pygium and wing-markings are identical. T. anqu&capitis (Rec. m, 305) is an earlier name for ~ n y 9'. ~ o c -

ticolor, described from Sumatra. T. ornata (Rec. xv, 305). S c u t e l l ~ ~ ~ u and middle of scutunl yellonyish.

A dark suffusion a t tip of A s . Stem of halters blackish. T. ornata var. assamensis (Rec. xv, 306) is perhaps Inore probably

a distinct species, as apart from the conspicuous ditfercnce in thc !\-ing- i~larkings there are small dist,inctions in the hypopygium and abdominal sternites.

Cymnastes bistriatipennis (Rec. xv, 307). Cross-rein r vcrtical, t~\-ice its length from tip of R I . R7 present, oblique, ending in costa more thau its own lcngt,h bcyond tip of R I .

C. pennipes (Rec. xv, 308). Very close to G. jlazsitibia Alcs., the vcnat,ion being thc samc, but tip of wing scarcely darkened, anrl t l ~ c first tarsal segmcnt of the middle lcgs not distinctly palc a t t l ~ c bnsc.

Molophilus inconspicuus (Fn~17ln, 444). Hypol~yginm rcsenll)ling that of the European 111. 7nctlitts de JIeij., with a single long sleildcr ple11ra1 appcndagc.

M. assamensis (Fn117zc1, q 5 ) . Side picces of Ilypopyginm with a vcry long, slendcr, sinuons apicnl process. similar to that sccn in t l ~ e Australasiail gcnns A7nplaine1c.r7rs. Thc two pairs of claspers each as long as this process, one hairy.

Erioptera distans (Fntlnn, 451). The typc is not a malc, but a fenialc, with a short fleshy ovipositor of peculiar construction. By thc short, alnlost straight vein Ax i t scemsto bc nearer rlcypltorta tl1a11 Erioptera.

E. brevior (Fntinn, 46-7). Brunetti is doubtless correct in idcntify- ing this with his E~r~lretln inconspiczta (Fauna, 475). bnt. both llalllcs should fall as synonyms of E. grncilis dc AIeij.

E. pardlela (Fattizn, 453). iZ very distinct species on account of tlie g r a ~ t length of the cells.

E. subtincta (F(i1oIn. 466). The hypopygium is practically a s in E. notala de Meij., but the parameres are long, curved and shaq ly pointed. Probably synonymous with E. nolala, a s a Javan male I have examined agrees in structure and has the palpi brown, not yellow.

E. flava (Fatrnn, 455). The nallle is preoccupied by E. (Ejnpedrc) flrtcn Schum., butasBrunett i st.ates thnt his E. lr.al/ernln is thc salllc species, this nanlc may perliaps be used. I havc not secn the types of either, but a male selected by Brunetti t o represent t h e species proved t o be identical with E. sublincla.

E. genitdis (Frtztna, 4 3 ) . This is a Illoloplailus. The t n o pairs of claspers are equal in length, with blackened tips, one ending in a sharp hook, the other in an irregular-shaped knob.

Mesocyphona nigripes (Fnzinn, 458). This is not a Mesocyl,hmta but a Gonomyia, perhaps referable t o Alexander's subgenus Progonomyin. The figure is correct in showing no marginal cross-vein, but S c 2 is present, just beyond the base of Rs. The type is not a malc, but a female, with a fleshy ovipositor resenlbling tha t of Erioptern dislnns Rrun,

M. gracilis (Rec. sv, 310). This is doubtfully distinct from V. n i g r i p e . ~ i t is s~nallcr and ulore slender, but the vennt,ion and ovipositor are the same.

Conomyia flavomarginata (Frttlnn, 47-7). Tn t,he paratypc males examined the venation i3 pretty much as ill G. inco,npleta, cell R!$+:; hcin: x l l ~ ~ o s t as couspicuously narro~ved a s in tha t species, but RI distinctly rcnchinz thc costa. 111 the veins are brownisl~. none con- spicuousl- ycllois as in some nlliccl spccics. Brunctti does uot ~uakc clenr thc ~ n a i n diEcrencc in colour, which is the prescuce in this spccics of a conspicuons ~vhitisll stripe on the pleura estending fro111 just a11o1-e the basc of the front coxa to the basc of the nbdomcn. The side pie'ccs of the hyl)op~-giurri arc short, m i t l l o~~ t terminal projection like that of G. inco,nple/rr. the Claspers long, curved, blaEl;, and sonlewhat flattened.

C. antica (Fnrtrln, 3%). This, like Eriopeln breviov, is n synonym of Enrpetln grrrcilis clc JIeij.

Lechria nepalensis (Rcc. xr , 317). This is exceptionally interest- ing, as it appears to belong to the genus Trichorle!im, hitherto o~l ly known fro111 t\vo fossil species dcsrxil~cd h!. Jleunicr from Ealtic amber: I n Brullctti's type RI appnrent1)- ends in thc costa, and is slightly indcntcd don-nn-ards a t r . as in t,he fossil sl)ecies, tllougll to a less cxtent. Ahnost ccrtainly, llo~vevcr; this is not the truc interpretatiou ; it is more probable that the apparcnt t ip of R 1 is (as Brunetti supposed) rcnlly thc last scction of R.'. anrl thc apparent R t l ~ c transverse basal part of R.'. \Ire must t.l~cn snppose tha t the tip of RI is atrophied, leaving no trace. and r is almost I~orizontal, simulat,ing the tip of R I . Son~e support may bc lent to this vicw by the fact that there arc no macrotricl~ia on thc part of the vcin which is presumed to represent I..

A comparison with anlbcr spccilllens of Tricl~o~let lrn in the British BJusenm stronzly coufirnls this interpretation. L. ncl~nlensis agrccs closely ".it11 thc fosqil fornls in size and hnhit~ls. dift'ering only in minor points sl\rh as Ilavin: Cu'7 cnrreil do~~--nn-ards a t the tip. The vcuntiou of Tricljo- tlciirrr rather clos~ly rcscinbles that of Dioniroljt~jclrrr. and i t is possi1,Ic thnt a sinlilar i~ltcrprctntion h o u l d be applicd t o tllc lattcr genus.

Cnophomyia genitalis (P/r?l~trn. 190). This is a Cryp~erirt (Neoll'n~- noplrilrr) close to plocirlo 3Jg. The inale tppc l ~ a s lost its antennae, but the hypopygiu~n is nliilost as. in plncidn, except tha t the eighth sternite l ~ a s a drr~se t l~ongh short t u f t of brownish-ycl!o\r hair.

C. furcata ( F n u ; ~ , 191). This is an Atlell)ho~rt!/ici, resen~t) l i~~g the Europcau .l. senilis (Hal.) ; the m-ing-tip is slightly but distincfly a i r - Identical with A. (" C'lodurn ") jnrcscens (Brnn.).

G. strenua (Fulrnn, 492). Thc type of this species was not brought to London, but is evidently a true G~topAont,yin, probably identical with G. oriottnli.< de JIeij.

C. nigra (Frtrr;cn, 494). This. in my opinion, is ncarer to Gonomyin than to G)wpAo,n!jin, though it is certainly not a typical member of tllc former genus. I have emmincd the female recorded by Brunetti from the Kilgiri Hills, and find it i d e n t i c a l ~ i t h Goilomyia (" Mesocyphonn ") nigripes (Brun.). Doubt,less the type is also the same. I t may be noted that Brunetti has reversed his references t o his figures of the wings of this and G. slrenztri.

C

5

302 Records o j the Ii~tTia)~ Museum. [VOL. XXVI,

Cladura flavescens (Rec. vi, 284). Alexander was correct in supposing that this is not a trne C'lodurcl. I t is in fact an AdelpAol,~?yin ; the d n g - t i p has a few very evident macrotricllia, and the tibiae have minute 11ut distinct spurs.

C. interrupta (Rec. s v , 319). A distinct Dicrnf~oplarng~nn, xritl~ short tibial s p ~ u s . cross reiu in cell I?'. ctc. Very elosc to D, plrl- cl~riliennis Rr~un., 11111, .-1x , s i~n]~ le nt t ip ant1 no tlarl; sl)ot on wing-margill behind tip of d:r.

Paracladura (Rec. ri. 286). i l lcsall t l~r llas P I I I I ~ ~ tlris 111i(1cr Tri- clroeern. b r ~ t I bc~licve i t is a ~~c r fee t ly goorl gcn~ls. l:otli on tlctails of venation and on a very 1)t,e1lliar tarsal charnel er n l ~ i c l ~ is not I;lionll ill

any true Til~ulitl : the first tarsal seglllc'nt 011 all tjie legs is estrenlrly short. u111cl1 sllortcr tllan t l ~ c sccontl and only nl)ont t l ~ r c r tiincs as long as broad. recalling tlre condition in n1.l ny Cecidolnyiid-e anrl in tllc Cnlicitl geunls Jlolclrlon!y.r. The g e ~ i l ~ s Pttrncltrtl~crn is fnrther distin- guished from l'rickocrrn (as corrrctly pointcd o11t by Brunetti) I)y the entire abseuce of tibial spurs.

Trichocera flava (Foltna, 512) is nl~nost certainly the fenlalc of Puraclntlttm grclcilis Brnn., from 1rhich it differs oillj- in I~ar ing the lino11 of the llalters yellonish instead of dark.

Rhaphidolabis indica (E'ctn,in. 51 3). ;\1t11011g11 I llare only csanlincd the felllale typc, I think there can be little doul)t that this is identienl with R. sortTi(1n (Brnn.).

Limnophila pallidicoxa (Fctct,zct, 523). This was al~parentlj- de- scribed frolii a ~ n i s t ~ u e of sprcies. Of tllcpair b r o ~ ~ g l l t to London ( i ~ o t the types) the 111zle is a Pilnrio, tlie fclnale a Pseudoli,~~~~zoyhiIn.

L. simplex (Farlnn, 523). This is a Cryptericl, identical with Cf. (" GnopAo~n!yin '') yenitolis Brnn., as already stated by Bn~ne t t i .

L. multipunctata (Fnl~no, 359). This sce:ns t o be a Pscztdoliin- i,ophiln. The 1-enation agrees n-it11 Alesander's genus, and the nsnal snlalla11tcrior ~~lesonotnlpits arc? prcseut ; the Iic:ld is cnlnll)lcd so tha t the long neck of Z ' . s c a d o l i ~ ~ i ~ ~ o ~ i I ~ i I t ~ is not ol~vious ; nbdolnen broken.

L. honesta (Rcc. X\*, 321). Anterior i~iesonotal pits present but n~innte.

L. claripennis (Rcc. riii, 162). Tllis is a C'ryl,loio, very close t o if not identical XI-it11 the genotype. C'. l i~~~~~ol~1~i lo i t lc . s 13crgr. The flagellar cone is norinal.

L. quartarius (Rec. rii;; 154). A G~~ol~iron~yin (S. str.). very close to G. .stre)lctn and allies. The male resenlblcs G. i,ioclilil)lelrrn Ed1r. and G. jrctlernn Edw. in having two large black spots on the pleura ; i ts hypopygium is similar 'to tha t of G. fr(tlernct: but the parameres arc large and rounded, not split. The female ment,ioued by Rmnetti appears t o be identical v i t h my G. ?~igrescens ; I do not think i t belpngs to the same species as the type nlale.

L. annulipes (Rec. xv, 324). S u b g e n ~ ~ s uncertain. Sc ending much beyond apex of Rs, Sc2 near its t ip ; R2 a little longer than R2+3, arched a t base and curved upwards a t tip ; r-?)L below base of R2, scarcely half as long as the basal sec,t,ion of R4+.5.

1924.1 F. W. EDWARDS : Diptera Nematocern. 303

L. parvicellula (Rec. 325). A Go?ic?nyicc. probably identical xvith G. ctjTnis Brnn.. a t any rate a illale idelltifitd by Brunetti as G. ct&nis has the same 11~~)cpygial structure. although Cqrln is rather nearer the base of the discal cell. G. hryct~ti Ales. (Java) is very similar, l~crhaps distinguis11al)le by the rather longer and inore oblique RP.

L. qlabra (Rec. sv , 325). As far as I can see this is identical with I;. pcll,;leri Ales., described fro111 Java. Perhaps belongs to P.~e~rtloli~::c- ~~olil~ilr t , a i t l ~ o u ~ l l the head is rather less narro\ved behind than in the genus. Flagellnr scglllents nit11 very long hair; especially on the Ilpper surface, n-llere it is 3-4 times as long os the seglllents (as in Pilcrritr).

L. fusca (Rec. sr. 326). A P.~e~ttloli,,~,loplailrt. T11orax tlnll; C'lni- pers silnple, etplal ill I ~ u ~ t l ~ ; the o ~ ~ t e r \Tit11 sliglltly 11ool;cd tip. F C'ells longcr than in L. gkc~brn.

L. incompleta (Rec. s r , 3%). A Gono,nyict, itlent.icnl wit11 G. (" Jle.~pc?/pl~onn ") lzi,qril~cs Brun. The .qpcciluens are le~nales.

L. inconsequens (Ilec. sr, 320). Snl,gcnns nncertain. First lour flagcllar srglnents rntllcr larger than the otllers. Verticils a l ~ o u t as long as the segments. Claspcrs rather chort, outer sllorter than inner. '

Til~ial spllrs minute. L. flavipennis (Rcc. X\-: 2-77), I llarc not seen the type of this species,

b ~ t from the fignre of the n-ing it \ ~ o u l d al)l)car to be n. l'ricypholm. L. ornatipennis (Rec. sr, 328). An obvious l?~~ilil~rctfi?ntr The

figure is correct in showing the ~lsllal cross-rein in the costal cell. Dis- til~guislled fro111 allied species by the pale legs, the fen1ol.a being scarcely darkened.

Dicranophraqma pulchripennis (Fn~r?ln, 542). A ra t l~cr remnrlc- able cllaracter of this species is tha t the rein Ax is forlced near its tip, the posterior brauch not reaching the nlargin.

D. gracilis (Rec. riii, 133). I n this sl~ecics there is no trace of tibial spurs; this fact, tosether wit11 the position of Cziln before the diecal cell, 11-ill exelnde it fro111 this genus. Possil~ly it sho111d Ee referred t o Cl(ld~~rn. The antenllae are brolcen: but the first few flagellar segnlents are preserved. The first is large: conical: perllaps representing a fusion of several as in Cryptwicr.

Eriocera rufithorax (Fnzrnn, 53.1). The idrntity of this wit11 my E. cteizol)horoides ]nay be confir~ncd.

E. aterrima (Fnccnrr, 540). Examination of the type P ~ O X ~ S tha t this is nrongly placed in my kcy to t,lle o l d - ~ o r l d species of this genus. since R2 is abollt five times as long as RP+3. I t will therefore ruli down to Ilcading 37. and is distinguished from the other species there included by the fo l lo~ ing cllaracters : Abdolnen entirely black, l o ~ i r posteriorAcells. t,ip of R 1 twice as long as r , traces of shining bands a t the bases of the abdonlinal segments. By this last character it is evidently close to E. lnorosn 0.-S.

E. nigerrima (Fnztna, 5'71). T h e abdomen is not wholly dull black, but has broad s o m e ~ h a t shining basal bands on the tergites. The species mould therefore be better included under the first division of

. heading 71 in nly key, Quite possibly my E. robinsoni may be simply a n inlmature specimen of E. nigemin~a. A rather remarkable character i s tha t the stcrnoplenra are densely hairy.

a 2

304 Records of tlae Indinn Blltse1cn~ VOL. XXIT,

E. nigroapicalis (Rcc. X\-: 33.5). This is a A'c~~larolon~a, identical 11-it,h LV. la,rjpocrites (Brun.). T l ~ c colorat~ion certainly is ren~nrlcahle for n Sepl~roto))t~r, anrl strongly snggcstire of n red and black Eriocrrn.

E. decorata (Bee. XI-. 335). This species is rcinnrkahlc in Iial-inp t l ~ c cross-\-c>in r allout the nliddle of R 8 + 3 a s correctly slion-n in tlic fiqure. I11 order to allow for this, to the second part of heading "in luy . !cc1 should bc added thc n-ortls, "or else R 7 lonyer than R L'-:';". T!?c sulnll spots of then-icgs are ~nostly yellon-. only the larger oncc n.1iitc.

E. caliginosa (Rcc. SV, 339). Correctly plnced in 111)- Icey. In thc spcciinen es:~inined there is n snlnll fork t o 111 1 +3 in one n-ing 011ly.

Stibadocerella pristina (REc. X\', 283). The vein Ax is abscnt, and the genus therefore antedates de 11eijere's Agasto)nyi~r. The species is close to, but not identical with 8. albitnrsis de li.

Pselliophora flavofasciata (RLT. sxr, 2.33). Identical struetiirally \vith lny PS. g,.(~cilicoi.~tis, \vhicIi is erident.lg only n light variety of Brlinetti's species.

Dolichopeza obscura (Froo~n, 3.5.5). F lagel l~~in of male about a s long as hentl : ~ n d tlloras toget,Her. Rs abscnt. All tlic tarsi (in the type) have tlic last four .segments and the apical fourth of the F,rst srp- n ~ e n t \r l~itc.

D. postica (Fntcncc, 564). Tllc specimen csonlincd (not the type. but a lllnlc from the Garo Hills. L i s s a i ~ ~ ) cliffcrs from Br~inetti 's c1c::cril;- tion iu l~aviiig tlic n ic .qoi~ot~i i~~ uniformly shining b1ncl;ish. dntcnnnc :~l,ont ns lolls as t,lic ~vllole body. Rs very short and ncnrly tmnsr-erse. X? absent.

D. infuscata (Plru,icl. 5G5). Flilgellun~ bout as loilg os the lientl :tnd thorns t c~~c the r . R.$ horizontal. cnrvcd a t the base, nearly twice :IS Ion: ns R?+.;. I?'! present l~ut . faint.

D. costalis (Rcc. sv . 277). 13c.lo1igs to Neaopcc~r : \-cry ciose t o A'. ~~,.crcilis tlc 11ci.i.. I~ut. fork cell sllorter. etc.

Nesopeza albitarsis (RIT. sv . 278). S o t n AVcsol)e:n, pcrl~aps inn>- bc rcferrrd to . lLcg i .~ /o~ t~~s l i~ . since the 11-ing of the type 9 is precisely .?S iu dlcsnitdcr's 31. /~o.!oricc-~~.si.~ Rrunetti does not mention tllc, :Illtennae of the t.rpe ~iinlc? nliicll I have not seen.

N. longicornis (Ror. XI-, 2'7s). Soenis rathcr a Dopicl~opczrr than n Se.sol~~":n, thong11 all the gencr.t of this group arc poorly characterised. 'rhc structure of thc n13le n~~te iu lnc is very clist,inctive, and sugpesta .lIgisto~,lrrstir again. Rs l~orizontal, n litt'lc longer thnn R? j,;, R:! absent. '11-Cu fusion very slight, di.qcnl cell long and ntlrrov. IIind tibiae trholly white. Clnsper forlced. one part n ~ u c h thirkcr,tlian tllc other.

N. picticornis (Rec. sr, 259). This is sinlply a Ti11ttln x i th a sonic-

\\-hat peculiar venation ; very ilcnr T. inco)~s~~icrrn de AIeij.. but pcrllnps distinct by the thorax rnarl;ings. 'R2 long and ol)lique, r-nz very short, almost obliterated, discal cell vcry small, practically only four-sicled (diamond shaped), 111.3 coming off from i t almost a t the same point as 311+2, Cu-In oblique, in slightly more than punctiform contact u i t h '

t,he lower corner of tlie discal cell. Flagellanl rerticilnte. Ninth tergite .with blunt nleclian projection.

Tipula fumifasciata (&c. vi, "0). Iclentical with T. r~occl IValker, by comparison of types.

T. ochripes (Rcc. vi, 260). This is clo3e to the 1L1Lyan Clenn- croscelis .~!,nbri)tr~s (\Viecl.). but difiers distinctly in the shape of the flagellar segments, especially in the male.

T. princeps (Frrtlltcc, 306). l-:eloiigs TO the !itl~.ipe~orls eroup ; rese~~ibles T. slhil.trX.ii EC~JV.: hut is larger and clar!;cr. a i d ~ v i t l ~ quite

r 7 rlifferent 11y~)op~gi~l11. l h e outer cli?sl)er is sl~arply i,ointed, rrith :I.

triangular enlargcluent just before the ii~idcl!e. T. fuscinervis (Falr~lcl. 31.'). Identical ,\-it11 T. p~.i i lccp. The

figure is not very accurate. T. splendens (Ftrrrilcr, 31-1). 111 spite of the ~ ~ r c l ~ e c l rein R:', this

is a true T;pula nud uoc a Ctc;cctooscclis or Holo~.c~sic. T, himalayensis (F(~:riltr, S l j ) . l3runc-tti has eridcnily confused

two or Illorc s1,ecies in his clescril)iion; ill two paratype 111ales froin Darjilillg L'xn~llillc~d by the .i\-riter (n.liic!~ in gencrsl agree well u-ill1 t h e d e s c r i l ~ t i ~ l ~ . :clit1 are douhtlvsa co!lspecific with the type) the 11ypol)ygiunl has 3 vl.ry dilfercllt strl:cture frol~! tllnt s l lm~n in Grulietti's figutes. \vliich ~rlust rcl)reiellt sol,le , l ~ ~ i t e ditfcrc,nt ,>pceies. I n the for111 V-hich seellls t o be the true T. .!ri,r~cllrlye,lsis, the ninth tergite is sillall ailcl t l ~ ~ ~ a l l y a l l ~ ~ o s t c o n ~ l ~ l e t c l ~ hidtlcn h c ~ i ~ c ~ ~ t l i tlic eighth; outer claspers black, ronnclrcl a t tip: be i l~ in\\-;tl.ds. 11leur;ll aiiture rather diatillct, the pleu- ritc coiiic;~l lritli n l i~ore or Itlbs b:uckencd lloint, this poilit l~eiug sharper in sonle spec i~~ ie~ l s than others: o r~d t l ~ c pleurite soll~ctin~cs bent in\vurdAq.. The fcniorn v ;~ ry soi~lcl\rl~ut in colour ; in pale ~ p e c i l ~ ~ e n s the yellon- ring is indistinct.

T. tessellatipennis (E'crt:iirr. 31 7). The t\vo little 111ecliail projec- tions of tlicb riintll teraitl: I)e>et \\.it11 111i11ilie blacli ijristlcr. Outer ... -~ -

cluq)ers :,ro;tJvned 311cl ijenr in the ~l~icldle. T. quasinarmoratipennis (Pr!t!!:rr; 320). Thib is ul~:,:~rt.lltly icIrntic,ll

wit11 t l ~ c Fo r~~ losnn al~ecics ,~iil~scq~:ently described 1;y IlIe ns i'. bicc.r/.cc. T. griseipennis (E'tr~!;lc~, 321). Jaiii_.ing froill the description. thi S

nlust be very close to or perhnl>s the sallle as T. !hibttc/itcr de JIeij. though there niay be differc11ct.s in the hyl~opj-giulli.

I n Brunctti's spccics tlic ninth tcrgite is of peculiar forni : pointed, but for the apicsl part; bent down\\-ards, covered with fine black wtae, a t the bend a t u f t of yello~risll hair 011 each sicle.

T. striatapennis (F(t,lil//, 32.5). Thc figure is illcorrect in shorrin: R.? conll~letc. IT, is really abbrcl-intecl ns in the closely related l'. 111tctilo \Vahlgr~-ll of Europe. Xa ta rn~ura has apparently redescribed tliis species fro111 Japan as 7'. yccccr!r.if~csc;ctlc~.

T. continuata (P(~trilcc, 3%). This is el-idelltly allied to T. scssilis Ed\\v. (Pacl~!jrrl~ina delrza~.cutn Urun.), differing in the pale central area of the scntellunl and in the str i~cture of the hypopygiunl, which is large, swollen and black, only slightly einargi~late spically.

T. quadrinotata (Fauna, 330). Extren~ely close t o 1'. slhirakii Edm., differing alinost solely in the shape of the outer claspers, which are more pointed, not square-tipped. TheIlilualayan fenlale recorded by me as tha t of T. slbirnkii is cloubtlcss this species, of mhich the For~uosan 2'. sllircrkii can hardly be iiiorc than a variety.

306 Records of the Irttlico~ ~11zrscrt11~. [VOL. XXVI,

T. tenuipes ( E ( ( l ) ~ i i ( / . :3:33). The type agrees \\.it11 t l ~ i ~ t of 2'. irtlci- p u m i s \Vall;er, ( o e c Deg.). Since Brunetti liad l ) r c ~ i o ~ ~ d y ~ ~ I I : I I I I ~ ~ ~

\Valkcr's sl~ecies, liis nanl-, tuulkcri iilust re1)lucc tciilripes. T. munda (E'tc~i~~cc, 336). By coll~parisoil of types, this is t l ~ c sa111c

as T . ~*ic/rrilr \Vallter 1856 (rlec Wallcer 1848). T. cinctoterminalis ( A l r l i l c l . 338). Tlic cell Ax is rather narro\v,

111ucl1 llarrtstvcr than in T. ~~~lcr l t la , which is othcr\risc si~iiiltir. T. elegantula (F~lunrc, 339). Ty l~e i ~ o t eslinined. Tlic figure of

the \rin,rr attribntcd to tl~issyecics re:~lly rel)rcse~its T. frr~~lif~r.scil)eiriris Rru~ i . 1918.

T. imperfecta (Rec, i s , .?(jO). This is I I I ~ ~ ! l ~ , i f / ~ ~ r ~ ~ r co , ! i f~w~!s ; \\-l~ieli i t ailtedatcs by t l~ rec yetirs.

T. gravelyi (R.:c. s v ? 361). S y ~ ~ o ~ l y ~ ~ i o r ~ s with lily B r . i t l ~ r ~ ~ ~ z cr(~ssr1.

T. contigua (Rcc. sv. 265). -lnt,e~~nnc ~learly t ~ ~ i c c ;is 1011: :rs tlic thorns. C1asl)crs wit11 a short 11 iiry upper lol~c a11~1a long c11rvcc1 lo\vcr lobe the a p i c ~ l p ~ r t of \\.hieh is 11:lre. the tip black. Cell dt estreiricly narrow.

T. simillima ( E T . X?. 253). 1111s;):r trilobed. ~ l ~ i d d l e lobe the longest, bnre. 111.1ck-tipped. lower lobe niore slciidzr. hairy, alzo 1)lacli- tipl)e(l. Uzsd hilf of second ancl third scgiiieuts, and the whole of the l i s t two scgli~ents of front jnd iuiddle tarsi I~liicliish, hose of sccond seg~ l~en t only n,~rrowly l~luck in llilld legs. \lrllite rings 011 the fore :111d mid feniori~ driller oncl not quite so close t o t ip as ill gracilli~~rir, C!rtl! dark-l~ordercd, uot clear as in yitrcilli~~itr. Cell -1.c 1i111ch narro\ver thin in yrcrcillii~rrc, but less so than in corltiyrlcl.

T. f~mifasci~ennis (Rcc. sv , 266). Belongs to the frtlcil~cicriisgro~~l) ; diifers from T. s1iir.ttkit and I'. g~ccltlriirota/cl in tlie faintness of the dark lateral stripe fro111 the 1)ronotunl to tlic base of tlie al)tlol~ic~i. also in smzll tlctails of the I~ypol)ygilln~, tlie forked apes of tlie n~eclinn projectioi~ of tlic n i l~ th t,crgite is sl~inosc in sl~ircrkii. liairy in frrrrliftrs- c i s Also. the basal t\\-o-tl~irds of cell JI is quite clear in the pre- 32nt species, infuscated in sl~irnki i . Fro111 T. jr~cobsulti Etl\r. the lilost obvious distinction is that the pale area llcar the til) of cell J l is only f ;~ i~ i t l y ;indicxted and is iu~~iicdiatclp instead of sonle tlistnnce hefore Cula.

T. fumicosta (Rec. s v , 266). Allother 111e111ber of the frtlcil)eri~its group. Probably idellticnl with 2'. yrrclrlriltotc~tu, thorlgh the 11i;llc clasper differs slightly in shape fro111 that of the speci111ens (not the type) of 2'. q~~adri~zotutcz esaiiiincd and agrees better with the type of T . shirukii Edw.

T. filicornis (Rec. xv, 267). The structllre of t he nlitennae is r e m d a b l e , and quite unlilie tha t of any other Oriental species kno\m to lne. These organs are longer than the vhole body, the flagellar seglnents . with scattered long bristly hairs along their ivhole length, these hairs being about 5 times as long as the diameter of t he segments, apart from these there is a moderately dense erect pubescence 3-4 times as l o~ ig a s the diameter of the segments. Ninthtegi te rather long, rounded a t till, hairy. Costal cell slightly but obviously darkened. Cell A z moder- ately broad.

1924.1 F. W. EDWARDS : Dipterce Ret~lalocera. 307

T. flavithorax (Rec. sv , 268). The outer clasper is of pecoliaf sl~npe, hcing bcllt a t right angles hefore the i~iiddle, the outer portion vcLry slender, and bare, thc inner portion hairy. Xinth tergite with a pair of triangular 1)rojections.

T. fasciculata (Rec. sr; 2ritr). Tlre \vi~lgs of this s1)ecies are very siiiiilar to those of tlie Eurol)ean T . 1.er1icl1i.s AIg.. I ~ u t it is quite distinct by the structure of the 1iypopygiui11 aud ovipositor.

T. brevis (Rcc. s r , 270). Idrnticnl \\-ith. I'. ~.cl)osi/tr IValker. by coi~il~arison of tpl)es. Tlie claspers ;ire of \-cry 1)eculiar shalw.

Pachyrrhina demarcata (Ftrrrlrtr. 314). This is a Ti11,tl~r. related to 7'. co,itiy,rtr Brl~n. Since the 1ii1111e llns illready bee11 11ser1 i ~ i I ' i l~~t l tr , I have suggested tlie lie\\- nalile Ti)r~l,r se.ssi1i.r (.\IIII. >1:1g. Kat. IIist., scr. 9, vol. viii, 1). 96). In prol)osi~~,o t l ~ i s n n l ~ l e I had before lne speci- lneiis fro111 the Kilgiri Ilills which I belie\-cd to be P. elrtntr~~ctrl(t 13r111i.. llut ;L co~lip:~risoii with the tppc no\\. slio\vs tlltit these rel~resent :L tlis- tinct t l ~ o n ~ l i allied spccics. The iinilic s(~~hi1i.s s110uld IIC :i])])li(d to Uruuctti's tylle. u.11ich is cl~arncteriscd c,sptcially I J ~ tlie r i~ ig rd flagell11111 (~ io t all blacl; ;IS stated ill Urri~~ett i 's dc sc r i l~ t io~~) . the ~ilaii~ly ycllolv legs: and the very long, 11arro\v 011tl:r clasl~ers.