Embed Size (px)
DESCRIPTION
The Roman Legion The greatest military on Earth, the legions were loyal to their Generals in the field and not to politicians back in Rome
Citation preview
As Rome expanded the slave population increased, eventually reaching 1/3 of the population
The Roman Legion
The greatest military on Earth, the legions were loyal to their Generals in the field and not to politicians back in Rome
Patricians
Plebeians
Proletariat
Slaves
Sulla
Sulla creates his own personal army and breaks Roman law and tradition by marching on Rome to seize power and control for himself and his army
Marius
Roman consul Marius raises his own army to fight Sulla
The First Civil War
Vs.
Optimates(wealthy)
Populares (poor)
Sulla
Sulla defeats Marius and takes the title Dictator and absolute Power over Rome, which he will hold onto until his retirement three years later. Sulla had the opportunity to execute the young nephew of Marius but decided against it. That young nephew would remember Sulla’s example of how to take power in Rome, the nephew was………
Julius Caesar
Spartacus
Spartacus was a slave who led the largest slave rebellion in Roman history. He nearly escaped Rome but was crushed by the wealthiest General in Rome………
Marcus Licinius Crassus
Who was aided by the young up and coming Julius Caesar
The First Triumvirate
Julius CaesarPompey
Crassus
Crassus is killed while in Syria
To gain power and fame Caesar conquers Gaul (modern day France)
Fearing Caesar’s ambition, the Senate puts it’s support behind Pompey
Julius Caesar
The most powerful man in Rome
Triumph Dictator
Cicero
A Roman Senator, Cicero is considered the greatest Roman philosopher
The Idea of the Republic
- Law should be based on reason and logic and not emotions (Stoic Law)
- The Republic should control law and order
- The people should control the Republic, thus controlling what the law is
- Those entrusted with the law should not be corrupted
- The Republic should enforce values through the education system that do not lead to corruption
Republic
Law
People
Leaders
Education
CatoCicero Scipio
The Conspiracy
Brutus
The Third Civil War
Octavian(Caesar’s Nephew)
Vs.
Marc Antony and Cleopatra
(Caesar’s General and widow)
.........
Augustus
Took the title Princep, which means “First Citizen” but is considered the first emperor of Rome and rules Rome for 40 years. His reign is known as the Pax
Romana or Roman Peace
SenateLegislative
ConsulExecutive
Constitution
Legal Code
Pax Romana - Augustus – 27BC-14AD Marcus
Aurelius – 180 AD
Fall of Rome – 476 AD
The Roman Empire
Centralized Power
Corruption and Conspiracy
SlaveryProfessional Armies
Professional Armies Expansion
Expansion
Need for Money
Raise Taxes
Inflate the Currency
High Prices
High Unemployment
The Welfare State
GBread
Circus
CircusCircus
Circus Maximus
The Empire is too large so the Emperor Diocletion divides it in two. The Emperor Constantine will eventually reunite the Empire but move the capital from Rome to
Constantinople (Istanbul)
Social Conflict
Vs.
PagansGreed, Violence
and Excess
Christianity
Charity and Pacifism
Less Wealth and less people to serve in legions to guard the frontiers
Rome is forced to hire barbarians to guard to frontiers borders
The Germanic Tribes flood into Rome and in 476 AD Rome “falls” when it’s leader takes the title “king” rather than Emperor
