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The Film Shot
using the frameusing the frame
The Film Shot
» What is the frame? The single image in a motion
picture 24 frames per second
» What is a shot? A series of frames that are
uninterrupted (not edited)
» What is the frame? The single image in a motion
picture 24 frames per second
» What is a shot? A series of frames that are
uninterrupted (not edited)
» The distance of the camera to the subject determines the type of shot it is.
» The distance of the camera to the subject determines the type of shot it is.
Types of Film Shots
» Extreme long shot» Long shot» Full shot» Medium shot» Close-up» Extreme close-up
» Extreme long shot» Long shot» Full shot» Medium shot» Close-up» Extreme close-up
Extreme Long Shot
» Great distance away from human subjects
» Usually landscape shots: i.e. showing the whole city, world, etc.
» People look like specs» Kind of establishing shot – to
indicate setting taking place
» Great distance away from human subjects
» Usually landscape shots: i.e. showing the whole city, world, etc.
» People look like specs» Kind of establishing shot – to
indicate setting taking place
Long Shot
» About the same distance as audience to a stage
» Includes full view of human figure and clear setting (enviornment, landscape, etc.)
» Kind of establishing shot – to indicate setting taking place
» About the same distance as audience to a stage
» Includes full view of human figure and clear setting (enviornment, landscape, etc.)
» Kind of establishing shot – to indicate setting taking place
Full Shot
» Shot is cropped to just above head and just below feet
» Allows to focus on figure while still capturing the details of the face
» Variation on the long shot
» Shot is cropped to just above head and just below feet
» Allows to focus on figure while still capturing the details of the face
» Variation on the long shot
Medium Shot
» Shows human body from ankles or knees up
» Used to show interaction between characters
» Also to show movement
» Shows human body from ankles or knees up
» Used to show interaction between characters
» Also to show movement
Close-Up
» Focuses on the human face» Usually from mid-torso up» Create intimacy» Show emotional responses from
characters» Highlight object to show
importance in story
» Focuses on the human face» Usually from mid-torso up» Create intimacy» Show emotional responses from
characters» Highlight object to show
importance in story
Extreme Close-Up
» Variation on the close-up» Used to highlight a symbolically
important object or particular body part
» Variation on the close-up» Used to highlight a symbolically
important object or particular body part
Establishing Shot
» A shot that sets up the story - such as the setting, character info, etc.
» Adds to telling the story
» A shot that sets up the story - such as the setting, character info, etc.
» Adds to telling the story
Reaction Shot
» A shot that shows the a character’s reaction to something happening in the film.
» A shot that shows the a character’s reaction to something happening in the film.
Shot Reverse Shot
» A combination of shots that show conversation, etc. (usually three shots)
» Examples: conversation where you see one person in frame at a time
» A combination of shots that show conversation, etc. (usually three shots)
» Examples: conversation where you see one person in frame at a time
Camera Movement(distance related)
» Pan: Horizontal movement, left and right. » Tilt: Vertical movement of the camera angle,
i.e. pointing the camera up and down (as opposed to moving the whole camera up and down).
» Pedestal (Ped): Moving the camera position vertically with respect to the subject.
» Zoom: Technically this isn't a camera move, but a change in the lens focal length with gives the illusion of moving the camera closer or further away.
» Pan: Horizontal movement, left and right. » Tilt: Vertical movement of the camera angle,
i.e. pointing the camera up and down (as opposed to moving the whole camera up and down).
» Pedestal (Ped): Moving the camera position vertically with respect to the subject.
» Zoom: Technically this isn't a camera move, but a change in the lens focal length with gives the illusion of moving the camera closer or further away.
Camera Movement
Tripod: piece of equipment that a holds a camera
Tripod: piece of equipment that a holds a camera
Camera Movement (equipment related)
» Dolly : The camera is mounted on a cart which travels along tracks for a very smooth movement. Also known as a tracking shot.
» Dolly : The camera is mounted on a cart which travels along tracks for a very smooth movement. Also known as a tracking shot.
Camera Movement
» Steadicam: a device that the camera operator wears and that uses weights to keep the camera balance (steadied!); allows free movement of the operator
» Steadicam: a device that the camera operator wears and that uses weights to keep the camera balance (steadied!); allows free movement of the operator
Camera Movement
» Crane Shot: Camera is mounted on a crane that can move smoothly at reach high distances
» Handheld: Camera is held without equipment; creates actual movement
» Crane Shot: Camera is mounted on a crane that can move smoothly at reach high distances
» Handheld: Camera is held without equipment; creates actual movement
Camera Movement
Shot Length
» Short Take: A shot that ends quickly; creates a fast pace
» Long Take: A shot that is longer, without interruption; creates more time to interact with the subject
» Short Take: A shot that ends quickly; creates a fast pace
» Long Take: A shot that is longer, without interruption; creates more time to interact with the subject
People with Cameras
» Cinematographer: he/she is the person in charge of the camera; he/she creates the look of the shots
» Camera Operator/Cameraman
» Cinematographer: he/she is the person in charge of the camera; he/she creates the look of the shots
» Camera Operator/Cameraman