The Flour Pot BakeryThe Flour Pot Bakery Waste Audit & Biogas Waste Audit & Biogas

PotentialPotential

Danielle Keeter Danielle Keeter

Bioenergy Summer Bioenergy Summer School Internship 2009School Internship 2009

The Flour Pot Bakery’s stand at The Flour Pot Bakery’s stand at the Haile Village Farmer’s Marketthe Haile Village Farmer’s Market

The Inspiration for this The Inspiration for this ProjectProject

• Ryan Graunke’s paper “Food and Fuel: Ryan Graunke’s paper “Food and Fuel: Biogas Potential at Broward Dining Biogas Potential at Broward Dining Hall” Hall” • Won the Student Research on Campus Won the Student Research on Campus

Sustainability Award from the Association Sustainability Award from the Association of the Advancement of Sustainability in of the Advancement of Sustainability in Higher Education (AASHE).Higher Education (AASHE).• http://www.aashe.org/documents/resources/G

raunke2008.pdf

http://farm4.static.flickr.com/http://farm4.static.flickr.com/3223/3024356415_1d195ecbab3223/3024356415_1d195ecbab.jpg?v=0.jpg?v=0

Experiment GoalsExperiment Goals

• Conduct waste audit for Conduct waste audit for The Flour Pot The Flour Pot BakeryBakery

• Quantify average methane output from Quantify average methane output from food wastefood waste

• Use food waste as feedstock for anaerobic Use food waste as feedstock for anaerobic digesterdigester

MethodsMethods

• Waste stream separated into:Waste stream separated into:• Compostable paper Compostable paper • Food wasteFood waste• Recyclable metal/plastic Recyclable metal/plastic

• Plastics 1-7 and most metalsPlastics 1-7 and most metals55

• Non-recyclable Non-recyclable • Grind food waste to start homogenizing the Grind food waste to start homogenizing the

samplesample• Blend sample in food processor to complete Blend sample in food processor to complete

homogenizationhomogenization• Food waste then baked to analyze volatile solid Food waste then baked to analyze volatile solid

contentcontent

The Process of Anaerobic The Process of Anaerobic DigestionDigestion

Source 4

Anaerobic Digester Anaerobic Digester TechnologyTechnology

Anaerobic digester design: continuous stir tank reactor.

•Energy Park’s anaerobic Energy Park’s anaerobic digester:digester:

•1 lb daily1 lb daily •100 liters daily at peak100 liters daily at peak

The Benefits of BiogasThe Benefits of Biogas• Provides power from wasteProvides power from waste• Decreases amount of material going to Decreases amount of material going to

landfillslandfills• Nutrient rich outputNutrient rich output

• Use as fertilizerUse as fertilizer

• May be scaled according to project sizeMay be scaled according to project size• Provides local source of powerProvides local source of power

http://snre.ufl.edu/pubsevents/source/http://snre.ufl.edu/pubsevents/source/spring08/images/best2.pngspring08/images/best2.png

Alachua County Waste DataAlachua County Waste Data

• Total Municipal Total Municipal Solid Waste Solid Waste DisposedDisposed11

• 159,080 tons159,080 tons

• PopulationPopulation33

• 241,364 people241,364 people

• MSW per capitaMSW per capita22

• 0.91 tons/capita0.91 tons/capita

Source: Source: http://appprod.dep.state.fl.us/www_rcra/reports/WR/Recycling/2006AnnualReport/AppendixG/Alachua.pdf

1. 2005 data. 2. 2006 data. 3. 2008 data.1. 2005 data. 2. 2006 data. 3. 2008 data.

Alachua County Waste Alachua County Waste CompositionComposition

• 800 tons per day of 800 tons per day of municipal solid municipal solid wastewaste

• The remaining 68% The remaining 68% is shipped to is shipped to Union CountyUnion County

Source: Source: http://appprod.dep.state.fl.us/www_rcra/reports/WR/http://appprod.dep.state.fl.us/www_rcra/reports/WR/Recycling/2006AnnualReport/AppendixG/Alachua.pdfRecycling/2006AnnualReport/AppendixG/Alachua.pdf

About About The Flour Pot BakeryThe Flour Pot Bakery

• Traditional European style bakeryTraditional European style bakery

• No preservatives, no artificial No preservatives, no artificial additivesadditives

• Active in every local farmer’s market Active in every local farmer’s market

• The Flour Pot Bakery’sThe Flour Pot Bakery’s website: website:• http://www.theflourpotbakery.com/http://www.theflourpotbakery.com/

ProcessProcess

• Two weeks of collectionTwo weeks of collection• Separation Separation • WeighingWeighing• Physical breakdown of food wastePhysical breakdown of food waste• Analyze for volatile solid contentAnalyze for volatile solid content

• Provides methane output dataProvides methane output data• Feedstock for anaerobic digesterFeedstock for anaerobic digester

Waste Audit ResultsWaste Audit Results

Compostable Paper (lbs) Food Waste (lbs) Non-Recyclable (lbs) Recyclable (lbs) Total (lbs)7/21/2009 4.3 34.8 13.8 1.8 54.77/22/2009 1.2 34.1 8.2 0.3 43.87/23/2009 3.1 30.3 11.2 1.9 46.57/24/2009 2.4 9.1 12.5 1 257/25/2009 1 5.7 7.3 0.4 14.47/27/2009 1.2 6.5 22 1.3 318/3/2009 2.6 13 10.4 2.1 28.18/4/2009 0.4 3.4 5.4 0.4 9.6

The Flour Pot Bakery Waste Audit

Waste CompositionWaste Composition

The Flour Pot Bakery: Waste Composition 7/21/09 through 8/4/2009

6%

54%

36%

4% Compostable Paper (lbs)

Food Waste (lbs)

Non-Recyclable (lbs)

Recyclable (lbs)

Volatile Solid DataVolatile Solid Data

date tray tray+WW WW tray+TS TS tray+ash ash VS21-Jul 3.7553 78.3795 74.6242 61.6381 57.8828 7.1302 3.3749 54.5079

7/21/2009 3.7116 78.0966 74.385 60.6755 56.9639 7.2601 3.5485 53.41547/21/2009 3.7358 78.0667 74.3309 60.347 56.6112 6.8813 3.1455 53.46577/23/2009 3.7845 75.4172 71.6327 50.7032 46.9187 9.8638 6.0793 40.83947/23/2009 3.7655 75.3506 71.5851 50.6601 46.8946 10.1197 6.3542 40.54047/23/2009 3.6725 75.7757 72.1032 50.2422 46.5697 10.1074 6.4349 40.13487/24/2009 3.7159 75.1754 71.4595 24.375 20.6591 4.9372 1.2213 19.43787/24/2009 3.7504 75.0277 71.2773 24.5388 20.7884 4.9376 1.1872 19.60127/24/2009 3.7232 75.0575 71.3343 24.6266 20.9034 5.0699 1.3467 19.55677/27/2009 3.6792 75.021 71.3418 48.345 44.6658 8.7308 5.0516 39.61427/27/2009 3.6697 75.9022 72.2325 48.455 44.7853 9.4515 5.7818 39.00357/27/2009 3.6843 75.5263 71.842 48.284 44.5997 9.8231 6.1388 38.4609

MC (1-TS/WW) TS/WW VS/WW VS/TS0.224342774 0.775657 0.730432 0.9416940.234201788 0.765798 0.718094 0.9377060.238389418 0.761611 0.719293 0.9444370.34501003 0.65499 0.570122 0.870429

0.344911162 0.655089 0.566325 0.86450.354124366 0.645876 0.55663 0.8618220.710897781 0.289102 0.272011 0.9408830.708344732 0.291655 0.274999 0.9428910.706965653 0.293034 0.274156 0.9355750.373918236 0.626082 0.555273 0.8869020.379984079 0.620016 0.539972 0.87090.379197405 0.620803 0.535354 0.862358

Average 0.416690619 0.583309 0.526055 0.905008

Volatile Solid AnalysisVolatile Solid Analysis

Physical Properties of The Flour Pot Bakery's Food Waste

32%

61%

7%

Moisture content

Volatile Solids

Ash

Combined Results Combined Results

• Average food waste output of 17.11 Average food waste output of 17.11 lbs/dailylbs/daily

• 4.7 kg/daily of volatile solids4.7 kg/daily of volatile solids

• 72.25 ft72.25 ft33 /daily methane production /daily methane production• 540.47 gallons/daily540.47 gallons/daily

In Summary In Summary

• Organize process with a local businessOrganize process with a local business

• Analyze waste stream compositionAnalyze waste stream composition

• Volatile solid contentVolatile solid content

• Methane outputMethane output• Potential to offset energy consumptionPotential to offset energy consumption

SourcesSources1. 1. http://docs.google.com/gview?http://docs.google.com/gview?

a=v&q=cache:Z6JfYHI4gs8J:www.co.alachua.fl.us/assets/uploads/images/a=v&q=cache:Z6JfYHI4gs8J:www.co.alachua.fl.us/assets/uploads/images/gm/ear/Economic%2520Development/Recycling%2520and%2520Wastegm/ear/Economic%2520Development/Recycling%2520and%2520Waste%2520Alternatives.pdf+%22alachua+county%22+%22waste%22+%2520Alternatives.pdf+%22alachua+county%22+%22waste%22+%22composition%22&hl=en&gl=us%22composition%22&hl=en&gl=us

2. 2. http://appprod.dep.state.fl.us/www_rcra/reports/WR/Recycling/2006Annualhttp://appprod.dep.state.fl.us/www_rcra/reports/WR/Recycling/2006AnnualReport/AppendixG/Alachua.pdfReport/AppendixG/Alachua.pdf

3. 3. http://quickfacts.census.gov/qfd/states/12/12001.htmlhttp://quickfacts.census.gov/qfd/states/12/12001.html4. http://images.google.com/imgres?imgurl=http://wgbis.ces.iisc.ernet.in/4. http://images.google.com/imgres?imgurl=http://wgbis.ces.iisc.ernet.in/

energy/paper/Tr_114/chapter2_clip_image002.jpg&imgrefurl=http://energy/paper/Tr_114/chapter2_clip_image002.jpg&imgrefurl=http://wgbis.ces.iisc.ernet.in/energy/paper/Tr_114/wgbis.ces.iisc.ernet.in/energy/paper/Tr_114/chapter2.htm&usg=__U6uK6CrnOP5ZM_18_67VEVXXY38=&h=622&w=600chapter2.htm&usg=__U6uK6CrnOP5ZM_18_67VEVXXY38=&h=622&w=600&sz=22&hl=en&start=19&um=1&tbnid=OLczafCPsidIdM:&tbnh=136&tbn&sz=22&hl=en&start=19&um=1&tbnid=OLczafCPsidIdM:&tbnh=136&tbnw=131&prev=/images%3Fq%3D%2522anaerobic%2Bdigestion%2522%2Bw=131&prev=/images%3Fq%3D%2522anaerobic%2Bdigestion%2522%2B%2522process%2522%2B%2522simple%2522%26hl%3Den%26sa%3DG%2522process%2522%2B%2522simple%2522%26hl%3Den%26sa%3DG%26um%3D1%26um%3D1

5. 5. http://www.alachuacounty.us/government/depts/pw/waste/recycling/bigbluhttp://www.alachuacounty.us/government/depts/pw/waste/recycling/bigblue/whattorecycle.aspxe/whattorecycle.aspx