The French Media

In which media do you trust the most ?

• Television 47 %

• Press 48 %

• Radio 55 %

Sources Sofres 2004

General structure

• The television

• Internet

• The radio

• The main newspapers

• The magasines

History of french TV

The Office de Radiodiffusion-Télévision Française (ORTF) was the national agency charged, between 1964 and 1974, to provide public radio and television in France.

In France, the public monopoly on broadcasting was established in 1945 when the Radiodiffusion française (RDF) was formed.

From the beginning, the public broadcaster experienced fierce competition from the "peripheral stations": French-speaking stations aimed at the French public but transmitting on long wave from neighbouring countries, such as RadioMontecarlo (RMC)from Monaco, Radio Luxembourg / RTL from Luxembourg

History of french TV (continued)

On August 8 1974, the ORTF was split into 7 institutions:

• TF1 (later to be privatized - in 1987) • Antenne 2• FR3• SFP - Société Française de Production

(programme production) • INA - Institut National de l'Audiovisuel

(archives)• TDF - Télédiffusion de France

(transmission) • Radio France- French national and

international radio

Regulation of TV and Radio: introduction of the CSA

The Conseil supérieur de l'audiovisuel is an independent administrative authority that was created by the Law of January 17th, 1989 to guarantee broadcasting freedom in the conditions laid down by the modified Law of September 30th, 1986.

Nine Conseillers are nominated for a period of six years by presidential decree.

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Rule and mission of the CSA

• The CSA cares of the pluralist political expression on TV and radio ;

• The CSA issues broadcasting licences to FM and AM radio and private television companies. It also has authority over radio and television services

• The CSA issues opinions on government bills on broadcasting ;

• The CSA manages the frequencies for radio and television ;

• The CSA establishes the rules of election campaign programmes that public radio stations and television channels have to produce ;

• The CSA oversees the quality of programmes.

Presentation of the main channels

• TF1 is a private French TV network

• Owned in majority by Bouygues group

• TF1's 35% average market share

General presentation of the channel

The group

The president of TF1

Patrick LE LAYChairman & Chief Executive Officer

Audience shares

• Women below 50• 34,4%• 35,5%

• -• Individuals aged 4 and above

• 31,5%• 31,8%

• -

General features

• Number of programmes in the top 100

89 • Advertising market share

• 54,7%• 54,8%

France television: the group

France Télévisions

• France Télévisions is the French public national television broadcaster.

• It manages:• France 2 • France 3• France 4 (new digital

network)• And France 5 (which is

also named Arte)

France 2

• France 2 is the largest French public TV network

• France 2 used to be called Antenne 2 until September 7, 1992.

• Antenne 2 was the first color channel in France (in 1967).

France 3

• France 3 is the second largest french public TV network, part of the France télévisions

• It is made up of regional television stations and the program is slightly different depending on the broadcasting region, with only the national news being presented from paris, followed by Regional news provided by each regional broadcaster

France 5

• . Principally featuring educational programming

• France 5 is available round the clock on cable, but over the air its analog programming is replaced by that of ARTE during the evening hours

Presentation of the holding

President of the group

Bertrand Meheut

Chairman of the Executive Board

  

President of the group

Nicolas de TavernostExecutive chairman of the group

• M6 was launched in 1987

• This channel is more oriented to adolescent and young-adult demographics.

• Turnover: 1 192,8 M d’€

• Audience share in 2004: 12,5%

Study of the audience (2005)

Evolution of the audience of the main channels

Evolution of the audience per year

What is your favorate channels ?

Commercials and TV

Internet

Evolution of equipment ratio of computers in the families

Ratio equipment according to the age

Some data

• In february 2006, 26 063 000 french people aged more than 11 years were connected on internet (it represents 50,3% of this population)

• The population which is using internet has increased of 6% since last year

Some data (continued)

This table shows the number of people which have an Adsl connexion at home

The radio

The cumulate audience of the radios

Time of hearing per day (in min)

Share of audience of each radio

Newspapers & magasines

Presentation of the main groups in France

The press law in France of 1986

Concentration of mediaownership can be only 10% of the national press + 15% of the regional press

The Newspapers

Le Monde

• Le Monde is a French daily evening newspaper. It is generally well respected, often the only french newspaper easily obtainable in non francophone countries.

• The newspaper should not be confused with the monthly publication Le Monde diplomatique, of which Le Monde has 51% ownership, but which is editorially independent.

• Le Monde was founded by Hubert Beuve-Méry at the request of General Charles de Gaulle after the German army was driven from Paris during World War II, and took over the format of Le Temps, whose reputation had suffered during the Occupation.

Libération• Libération (left wing) is a French

newspaper founded in Paris in 1973 by Jean-Paul Sartre, Pierre Victor alias Benny Lévy and Serge July in the wake of the protest movements of May 1968.

• Libération has a decidedly self-described progressive editorial line, generally supportive of causes such as anti-racism, feminism, and workers' rights.

• It is a militant newspaper that, however, does not support any particular political party, acts as a counter-power, and generally has bad relations with both left-wing and right-wing administrations.

• According to a deputy editor, Libération, though not affiliated with any political party is, from its 1968 origins, naturally left-wing.

Le Canard enchaîné

Le Canard enchaîné is a satirical newspaper published weekly in France, founded in 1915, featuring investigative journalism and leaks from sources inside the French government, the French political world and the French business world, as well as a large number of jokes and humorous cartoons.

The Canard is known for its independence; it does not publish any advertisements and its owners are not tied to any political or economic group.The Canard is notable because of its focus on scandals in the governmental and business circles of France.

L’humanité

• L'Humanité ("Humanity"), formerly the daily newspaper of the French Communist Party (PCF), was the only French newspaper owned by a political party.

• Now the paper is independent, but still maintains broad links with the PCF.

• It was founded in 1904 by the Socialist Party leader Jean Jaurès.

• The fall of the Soviet Union and the continued decline of the PCF's electoral base produced a crisis for L'Humanité.

• Its circulation, once over 400,000, slumped to 48,200. In 2001, after a decade of financial decline the PCF sold 20% of the paper to a group of private investors led by TV channel TF1 (Bouygues group) and including Hachette (Lagardère group).

L’équipe

• L'Équipe (French for "the team") is a French nationwide daily newspaper devoted to sports. The paper is particularly noted for its coverage of football, rugby, motorsports and cycling.

Sales of newspapers

The magasines

A common, consumation

2,1 billion magasines are sold each year

(100 magasines/family)

The common price of a magasine is 1,9 euro

85% of french people are buying a magasine

A continue growth

• The turnover has increased of 70% in 20 years (3% per year)

The diffusion of the magasines

The total diffusion of the magasines has increased of 60% in 20 year (2,7% per year)

Commercials and medias

Profit and medias

When people are using the different media ?