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Webinar: April 3, 2013
The Fundamentals of HVAC: What Shapes the Storage Environment
Sustainable Preservation Practices for Managing Storage Environments
Introduction
• Presenter – Jeremy Linden,
Preservation Environment Specialist
Image Permanence Institute, RIT
Technical Support and Questions
• Shae Trewin – IPI Preservation Environment Specialist
• Lauren Parish – IPI Web Designer
Technical Information • Cable internet preferred rather than wireless or dial-up • Participants can use their computer’s speakers (VoIP) or
telephone. • United States
Toll: +1 (909) 259-0026 Access Code: 630-859-458 Audio PIN: Shown after joining the webinar
• Need Help? Contact Lauren Parish at [email protected] or (585) 475-7175
Questions? Submit questions using the Question Box located in the Go To Webinar control panel
Sustainable Preservation Practices for Managing Storage Environments
About this project • An Education and
Training Grant from the National Endowment for the Humanities, Division of Preservation and Access
Outline of Webinar • Influence of regional/local climate • Importance of the building envelope • Basics of HVAC systems: “The
Loop” – Heating/Cooling systems – Subcool/Reheat systems – Desiccant systems – Evaporative cooling
• Where the energy goes • Working as a team
The Goal: An Optimal Preservation Environment
An optimal preservation environment is one
that achieves the best possible preservation of collections at the least possible consumption of energy, and is sustainable over time.
Understanding HVAC
Defined: • HVAC: Heating, Ventilation, Air Conditioning • Mechanical intervention to condition air to a
preferred temperature and relative humidity
HVAC Systems are a Circular Stream of Moving Air: “The Loop”
Along Which: Temperature can be Raised or Lowered Humidity can be Raised or Lowered Filtration can Occur Outside Air can be Added and Removed
HVAC System Components • Air Handling Unit • Supply Air Ducts • Spaces Served • Terminal Equipment • Return Air Path
Buildings Commonly Have Multiple Systems; Systems Commonly Serve Multiple Spaces
The Local Climate
What do you have?
Remember: Basic Thermodynamics
• Dew Point temperature is a representation of the actual moisture content of air (absolute humidity) – Higher the dew point, more moisture is
present – Lower the dew point, less moisture is present
Local Climate
Local Climate
Local Climate
Local Climate
The Building Envelope
Class One and Two Building Envelope
Unheated Free-Standing Garage
Class Three and Four Building Envelope
Class Five Building Storage Area Envelopes
Class Six Building Storage Area Envelopes
What HVAC Systems Are Designed to Do
Spaces with Exterior Exposure
What HVAC Systems are Designed to Do
Remove Perimeter Heat Gain
What HVAC Systems are Designed to Do
Supplement Perimeter Heat Loss
What HVAC Systems are Designed to Do
Remove Heat Gain from Interior Zones
Spaces with no Exterior Exposure
What HVAC Systems are Designed to Do
Remove Heat Gain from Interior Zones
What HVAC Systems are Designed to Do
Provide Ventilation
What HVAC Systems are Designed to Do
Correct Humidity Gains or Losses
Basics of HVAC Systems
Boiler – Hot Water or Steam Energy Input: • Fuel
Forced Air Furnace with Cooling
Energy Input: • Fuel • Fan Electricity • Compressor Electricity • Condenser Fan Elec.
Basic Components of Direct Expansion (DX) Refrigeration
Systems
Window or Thru-the-Wall Air Conditioner
Energy Input: • Fan Electricity • Compressor Electricity
Condensing Units
Basic Components of HVAC Systems Cooling Mode
Basic Components of HVAC Systems Heating Mode
Air Handling Unit (AHU) Components
Air Handling Unit (AHU) Components
Fans, Ducts, Dampers
Air Handling Unit (AHU) Components
Filter(s)
Air Handling Unit (AHU) Components
Heating Coils
Air Handling Unit (AHU) Components
Humidifier
Air Handling Unit (AHU) Components
Cooling Coil/Dehumidifier
Fundamentals of Air Temperature, Relative Humidity and Absolute Humidity Dehumidification by sub-cooling and reheating
Cooling Coil Dehumidification
Sources of Cooling/Heating/Humidification
Desiccant
Dehumidification
Desiccant Dehumidification at AHU
Desiccant Dehumidification at AHU
Desiccant Dehumidification at Outside Air
Evaporative Cooling
Evaporative Cooling
Evaporative Cooling • Uses latent heat of vaporization to cool and moisten
outside air that is warm and dry • Often energy efficient compared to standard air
conditioning, practical choice for hot, arid climates • However:
– No dehumidification in system – Cooling can be reduced if moist outside air – Humidification is a by-product – cooling is the
primary purpose
Terminal Devices Variable Air Volume Boxes
Reheat Coils Perimeter Radiation
Controlling the System
How does it all work together? • Set points drive the system
operation • Based on sensors in the space or
in the AHU
• Control signal can be digital or pneumatic to valves, fan controls, damper actuators etc.
• Most systems are controlled from either a single sensor or an average group for temperature and RH
• Other sensor points are reference to check system operation
Controls typically run: • Operating schedule • Set points • OA intake • Fan speed • Coil valves • Damper positions • All the moving parts!
Working As A Team
What is the Goal? Improving communication between Collections and Facilities staff: • Helps define
preservation and energy/operation goals
• Facilitates optimization process
Collective Effort
• Requires participation of: – Collections – Administration – Facilities
• Process – not a project
Project Web Site
• Visit www.ipisustainability.org – Information on upcoming webinars – Recordings of past webinars – Webinar and Workshop power point
presentations
Reference Guidebook
• Project publication • Has bibliography of relevant
articles, guidelines and standards
• $25 – available from www.imagepermanence.org
• May 1: Best Practices for Collecting and Analyzing Environmental Data • June 5: Dealing with Summer Heat & Humidity • July 10: Investigate Your HVAC System & Identify Potential Energy Savings –
Guest Speaker Peter Herzog, Herzog/Wheeler & Associates, Energy Management Consultant
• August 7: Practical Approaches to Environmental Control for Small Institutions – Guest speaker Richard Kerschner, Director of Preservation and Conservation, Shelburne Museum, Shelburne, Vermont
• September 4: Sustainable Preservation Practices
Webinars from Jan-April are available for viewing on ipisustainability.org
Upcoming Webinars
Post Webinar Survey Please take a moment to complete the post-webinar survey that will be email to you.
Questions? Submit questions using the Question Box located in the Go To Webinar control panel
