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The Great War
1914 - 1918
Learning Targets1. I can identify the four main causes of World
War I
2. I can define Nationalism and Militarism
3. I can Identify the participants and alliances that existed in World War I
4. I can summarize the relationship between 19th and 20th century imperialism and the start of World War I.
World War I
A conflict that devastates Europe and has a major impact on the world.
Marching Towards War
Section 1
MAIN Causes of World War I
M
A
I
N
ILITARISM
LLIANCES
ATIONALISM
MPERIALISM
Arms race begins.Militarism – policy of glorifying
military power, preparing army
Militarism
Dangerous Alliances
Germany’s Otto von Bismarck works for peace after 1871.
Is fearful that France seeks revenge for territory lost in Franco-Prussian War.
Treaties
Signs treaty with Russia in 1881 in order to isolate France.
Forms Triple Alliance – Germany, Austria-Hungary, Italy, in 1882
Shifting Alliances
Kaiser Wilhelm II becomes German ruler in1888.
Germany drops alliance with Russia
Germany begins to strengthen Navy
Escalation
Russia forms alliance with France
England is uneasy with German naval expansion
Britain, France, Russia form Triple Entente Alliance
Britain signs treaty in order to remain dominant
Alliances
Germany
Italy
Great Britain
France
Russia
Triple Entente Triple Alliance
ImperialismCompetition of colonies causes mistrust
between nations.The need to protect growing empires
results in militarism.
Nationalism in Europe
Peace of the 1800’s is hiding growing problems in Europe.
Growing nationalism leads to competition between nations.
Nationalism – pride in or devotion to ones country.
Many groups, including in the Balkans demand independence.
Many groups in Balkan region win independence, Serbia becomes a nation of Slavs.
Austria-Hungary annexes Slavic region called Bosnia-Herzegovina.
Serbians are outraged, sees itself as rightful rulers of Slavic lands.
Assassination
Serbian nationalist kills Archduke Franz Ferdinand, member of the royal Austro-Hungarian royal family in 1914.
The Point of No Return: The Assassination of Archduke Franz
Ferdinand
Austria blamed Serbia for Ferdinand’s death and declared war on Serbia.
Russia pledged their support for Serbia.· example of Slavic nationalism
Germany pledged their support for Austria -Hungary.· example of German nationalism
Germany declares war on Russia.
France pledges their support for Russia.
Germany declares war on France.
Germany invades Belgium on the way to France.
Great Britain supports Belgium and declares war on Germany.
Italy switches sides and joins Allies when promised land from Britain in Treaty of London
Allied Powers
Central Powers
Neutral
World War IWorld War IWorld War IWorld War I
Allied PowersAllied Powers::Allied PowersAllied Powers:: Central Central PowersPowers::Central Central PowersPowers::Great Britain
France
Russia
Italy
Germany
Austria-Hungary
Ottoman Empire