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The Greek City- States 4.2

The Greek City-States 4.2. Center of Greek Life Polis – Greek city-state and the center of Greek life Our word politics comes from polis Town where

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Page 1: The Greek City-States 4.2. Center of Greek Life Polis – Greek city-state and the center of Greek life Our word politics comes from polis Town where

The Greek City-States4.2

Page 2: The Greek City-States 4.2. Center of Greek Life Polis – Greek city-state and the center of Greek life Our word politics comes from polis Town where

Center of Greek LifePolis – Greek city-state and the center of Greek lifeOur word politics comes from polisTown where people met for political, religious, and social gatherings

Community of people with common identity and common goals

Acropolis – fortified area at the top of a hill used for refuge and religious center

Agora – open area below the acropolis used as a market

Page 3: The Greek City-States 4.2. Center of Greek Life Polis – Greek city-state and the center of Greek life Our word politics comes from polis Town where

City-States Aristotle argued “We must rather regard every citizen as

belonging to the state.” Great loyalty to a city-state Great distrust of other city-states – led to Greece

downfall Created the hoplites

Heavily armed infantry (foot) soldiers carrying a shield, short sword, and thrusting spear

March into battle in a rectangular formation to create a wall of shield - phalanx

Page 4: The Greek City-States 4.2. Center of Greek Life Polis – Greek city-state and the center of Greek life Our word politics comes from polis Town where

Greek ColoniesSet out in search of trade and better farmland

New city-states independent from originalLed to increase of tradeMainland exported pottery, wine and olive oil

Western areas exported grains and metalsBlack Sea area exported fish, timber, wheat, metals, and slaves

Page 5: The Greek City-States 4.2. Center of Greek Life Polis – Greek city-state and the center of Greek life Our word politics comes from polis Town where

TyrannyTrade led to wealth and wealth led to tyrants

Not necessarily wicked; just took power by forceMost peasants supported because it got them

out of debtTyrants took power then kept it by hiring soldiers.

Built markets, temples, and walls.Build support for the tyrant

Eventually led to democracy – government by the peopleTyrants couldn’t last but showed many people

can be part of governmentAlso an oligarchy – government by a few

Page 6: The Greek City-States 4.2. Center of Greek Life Polis – Greek city-state and the center of Greek life Our word politics comes from polis Town where

Sparta The art of war was all the mattered – all other art was

frowned upon. Needed land so they conquered neighboring Laconians

then Messenia Turned them into helots – serfs from capture

Created a military state Rigidly organized and tightly controlled Ate simple meals all together Black broth was a piece of pork boiled in animal

blood, salt, and vinegar

Page 7: The Greek City-States 4.2. Center of Greek Life Polis – Greek city-state and the center of Greek life Our word politics comes from polis Town where

Men Women

Sparta Men v Womenhttp://www.youtube.com/watch?v=jEItBM1dc9o

Forced into military at age 20.

Could marry but forced to live in barracks until 30

Could vote at 30 and move home

Must stay in military until 60.

Freedom because they stayed at home without husbands

Must stay fit to bear children

Upheld strict Spartan values of war – taught sons to be brave.

Page 8: The Greek City-States 4.2. Center of Greek Life Polis – Greek city-state and the center of Greek life Our word politics comes from polis Town where

Sparta governmentOligarchy led by two kings

Led men into battlesEphors – 5 men elected each year

In charge of educating youth and conduct of civilians

Counsel of elders – the 2 kings and 28 male citizens over the age of 60 decided what issues would be brought to general public

Closed off from the rest of the world; did not like visitors and weren’t allowed to travel

Page 9: The Greek City-States 4.2. Center of Greek Life Polis – Greek city-state and the center of Greek life Our word politics comes from polis Town where

AthensLargest polisAt first ruled by king but then became oligarchy of

aristocratsCreated an economic crisis and eventually gave up

power to Solon – who freed peasants of all debts and tried to redistribute wealth but was unsuccessful

After several years Cleisthenes gained power and laid the groundwork for democracy

http://www.youtube.com/watch?v=uLyW5UYPYYs

Page 10: The Greek City-States 4.2. Center of Greek Life Polis – Greek city-state and the center of Greek life Our word politics comes from polis Town where

Assignment Read and answer the questions about Growing up Greek When finished flip your answer sheet over and draw a line

down the page On one ½ draw what you think life in Sparta would look like

on the other ½ draw what you think life in Athens would look like.


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