The Growth and The Growth and Development of Development of

Industry in AmericaIndustry in America

Standards…Standards…

SSUSH 11: The growth of big SSUSH 11: The growth of big business and technological advances business and technological advances after reconstruction. after reconstruction.

Take Five…Take Five…In 1862, Abraham Lincoln signed the In 1862, Abraham Lincoln signed the

Homestead Act. It opened about Homestead Act. It opened about 270 acres for white settlement west 270 acres for white settlement west of the Miss. River. Many believed of the Miss. River. Many believed westward movement was part of a westward movement was part of a greater plan called:greater plan called:

A.A. SectionalismSectionalism

B.B. NullificationNullification

C.C. ReconstructionReconstruction

D.D. Manifest destiny Manifest destiny

Ripe for industryRipe for industry

Abundant raw materialsAbundant raw materials

Large labor supplyLarge labor supply

Technological advancesTechnological advances

Growing number of entrepreneursGrowing number of entrepreneurs

Federal assistanceFederal assistance

Expanding domestic and international Expanding domestic and international marketsmarkets

Visionaries and New Visionaries and New InventionsInventions

Thomas Edison 1847-1931Thomas Edison 1847-1931

Visionaries and New Visionaries and New InventionsInventions

Alexander Graham BellAlexander Graham Bell 1847-1922 1847-1922

New Steel Production New Steel Production TechniquesTechniques

PittsburghPittsburgh Rise of theRise of the

Petroleum IndustryPetroleum Industry

Pioneer Oil Run, 1865

Andrew CarnegieAndrew Carnegie

Rags to RichesRags to Riches

U.S. SteelU.S. Steel

The Gospel of WealthThe Gospel of Wealth

Wilbur and Orville WrightWilbur and Orville Wright

Other Visionaries: The Other Visionaries: The AirplaneAirplane

The Wright Brothers (Library of Congress)

Other Visionaries: The Other Visionaries: The AutomobileAutomobile

Gottfried DaimlerGottfried Daimler

Henry FordHenry Ford

Henry FordHenry Ford“You can paint it any color, so “You can paint it any color, so

long as it’s black”long as it’s black”

Take FiveTake FiveIn what ways did railroads and In what ways did railroads and

advances in communication affect advances in communication affect geographic patterns in the U.S.?geographic patterns in the U.S.?

A.A. They stalled the need for new They stalled the need for new inventionsinventions

B.B. They assisted in maintaining They assisted in maintaining cultural traditions in an areacultural traditions in an area

C.C. They changed the physical They changed the physical characteristics of a regioncharacteristics of a region

D.D. They stalled migrationThey stalled migration

Transportation AdvancesTransportation AdvancesContinued growth of the railroadContinued growth of the railroad

Railroad tycoonsRailroad tycoonsCornelius VanderbiltCornelius VanderbiltAndrew CarnegieAndrew CarnegieJay GouldJay Gould

““Commodore” Cornelius Commodore” Cornelius VanderbiltVanderbilt

Biltmore EstateBiltmore Estate

Jay Gould “Robber Baron”Jay Gould “Robber Baron”

The Rise of the American The Rise of the American CorporationCorporation

CorporationsCorporationsLimited liabilityLimited liability

Consolidated OrganizationsConsolidated OrganizationsHorizontal integrationHorizontal integrationVertical integrationVertical integrationMonopoliesMonopolies

RockefellerRockefellerTrustsTrustsIda TarbellIda Tarbell

J.P. MorganJ.P. Morgan

John D. RockefellerJohn D. Rockefeller“The growth of a large “The growth of a large

business is merely survival of business is merely survival of the fittest”the fittest”

Ida TarbellIda Tarbell

J.P. MorganJ.P. Morgan

J.P. Morgan…on lifeJ.P. Morgan…on life

You can't pick cherries with your You can't pick cherries with your back to the tree.back to the tree.

Anyone who has to ask about the Anyone who has to ask about the annual upkeep of a yacht can't annual upkeep of a yacht can't afford one.afford one.

A man always has two reasons for A man always has two reasons for doing anything -- a good reason doing anything -- a good reason and the real reason.and the real reason.

Social Darwanism vs. Social Darwanism vs. PhilanthropyPhilanthropy

Survival of the fittestSurvival of the fittest

The Gospel of WealthThe Gospel of WealthRussell ConwellRussell Conwell

Horatio AlgerHoratio Alger

Socialist Labor PartySocialist Labor PartyHenry GeorgeHenry George

Edward BellamyEdward Bellamy

Edward BellamyEdward Bellamy

Henry GeorgeHenry George

Business and the CourtsBusiness and the Courts

Supreme Court supports big Supreme Court supports big business…business…

The Republican PartyThe Republican PartyStalwartsStalwarts

Roscoe ConklingRoscoe Conkling

Half-BreedsHalf-Breeds

James BlaineJames Blaine

““Mugwumps”Mugwumps”

James A. Garfield (1881)James A. Garfield (1881)

Charles Julius GuiteauCharles Julius Guiteau

Chester A. Arthur ( 1881-1885)Chester A. Arthur ( 1881-1885)

Pendleton ActPendleton Act

Tariff Act of 1883Tariff Act of 1883

James A. Garfield (1881) RJames A. Garfield (1881) R

Chester Arthur (1881-Chester Arthur (1881-1885) R1885) R

The DemocratsThe Democrats

Grover Cleveland (1885-1889) & Grover Cleveland (1885-1889) & (1893-1897)(1893-1897)

Grover Cleveland (1885-Grover Cleveland (1885-1889) & (1893-1897) D1889) & (1893-1897) D

Political CartoonPolitical Cartoon

Politics of the DayPolitics of the Day

““Free Silver”Free Silver”

The Protective TariffThe Protective Tariff

The Sherman Anti-Trust ActThe Sherman Anti-Trust Act

Sherman Anti-trust CartoonSherman Anti-trust Cartoon

The Labor MovementThe Labor Movement

Economic depressionEconomic depression

5 Types of industrial work5 Types of industrial work

Common laborCommon labor

Skilled laborSkilled labor

Factory laborFactory labor

Sweatshop LaborSweatshop Labor

MiningMining

Workingman’s PlightWorkingman’s PlightImmigrant WorkersImmigrant Workers Divisions within the ranksDivisions within the ranks Ethnic rivalryEthnic rivalry

Labor Contract LawLabor Contract LawWomen & childrenWomen & children

Thousands of immigrants Thousands of immigrants arrived through Ellis Island arrived through Ellis Island

daily…daily…

Child LaborChild Labor

Triangle Shirtwaist Triangle Shirtwaist CompanyCompany

Unable to use fire escapes, Unable to use fire escapes, workers jumped to their deathsworkers jumped to their deaths

146 Workers died that day…146 Workers died that day…

UnionizationUnionization

Molly MaguiresMolly MaguiresKnights of LaborKnights of LaborAFLAFL

A “Coffin” Notice for the Molly A “Coffin” Notice for the Molly MaguiresMaguires

Uriah Stephens & Terrance Uriah Stephens & Terrance PowderlyPowderly

Samuel GompersSamuel Gompers

Labor StrikesLabor Strikes

The Great Railroad The Great Railroad StrikeStrike

Coxey’s Coxey’s ArmyArmyHaymarket SquareHaymarket SquareHomestead StrikeHomestead StrikePullman StrikePullman Strike

Haymarket Square 1890Haymarket Square 1890

Homestead StrikeHomestead Strike

Homestead Quarters of the Homestead Quarters of the MilitaryMilitary

Putting down the strikersPutting down the strikers

George Pullman & Striking George Pullman & Striking workersworkers

Eugene Debs 1855-1926Eugene Debs 1855-1926