The History Of Gum

By Emma Bandos

1869

• 1st patent for chewing gum was awarded

1870

• Adams makes black Jack, the 1st mass production of chewing gum

1871

• Adams patents the first gum-making machine

1886

• William white finds a way to make flavors last longer in gum.

1888

• Vending machines appeared at subway stations in Manhattan offering dif varieties of chewing gum.

1893

• The William Wrigley Company introduced Juicy Fruits and Wrigley's Spearmint, some of the best selling chewing gums in the world still today

1899

• American Chicle Co established– Yucatan gum, adams gum, beeman’s gum, and

kiss me gum• Franklin V.Canning introduced Dentyne Gum and

Chiclets

1914

• Wrigley introduced Doublemint gum• Thomas Adams introduces Adam’s Clove Gum

1938

• two brothers started a co, Topps Gum. The gum was sold at cash registers and is considered to the first "changemaker" as the marketing strategy was to get consumers to spend their change. Bazooka Bubble Gum. One of the best selling gums of all time

1940’s

• Leaf Confectionary co introduction of Rainblo Bubble gum

• Wiliam Wrigly Jr. Co. introduced Orbit

1950

• Topps introduced the first trading card but it wasn't until two years later when Sy Berger, a baseball enthusiast, decided to make a card focusing exclusively on America's pastime.

1953

• topps decided to include the first comic in each piece.

1950’s

• Sugarless gum was introduced

1970

• FDA banned the active ingredient, Cyclamate. Wich was used in sugarless gum

1977

• Introduced Wrigley Freedent Gum– Designed not to stick to dentures

1978

• Wrigley Big Red

1979

• Hubba Bubble Bubble Gum

1980

• Big League Chew

1984

• Wrigley introduces Extra sugarfree gum

1985

• Susan Montgomery Williams blows a twenty-two-inch bubble, the biggest on record.

1988

• Concord Confections, the largest manufacturer of bubble gum balls, purchased the rights to Dubble Bubble Bubble Gum.

1994

• Introduced Wrigley Winterfresh Gum

2006

• Stride gum

Making gum

• Made of “gum base” w/ added food coloring and flavoring.

• The exact composition of gum bases is usually a trade secret

• common ingredients – latexes

• which are commercially produced– paraffin wax or beeswax– polyethylene– polyvinyl acetate– stearic acid– various natural gums.

• Old gum bases were based on…– Latexes– vegetable gums like chicle– spruce gum– Mastic gum.

• manufacturing methods are fairly constant between brands

• The gum base is melted at temp of about 115°C– until it has the viscosity of thick maple syrup– Filtered through a fine mesh screen.

• Further refined by separating dissolved• particulars in a centrifuge, and further filtered.

• Clear base put into mixing vats.– Still hot and melted– Other ingredients are added

• powdered sugar– whose amount and grain size determines the brittleness of the

result• corn syrup• glucose

– which serve as humectants, coat the sugar particles and stabilize their suspension, and keep the gum flexible

• various softeners• food colorings• flavorings• preservatives• Other additives.

• homogenized mixture poured onto cooling belts– cooled with cold air

• extrusion• optionally rolling and cutting• Other mechanical shaping operations follow. • chunks of gum are put aside– Set for 24 to 48 hours.

• Coated chewing gums then undergo other operations

• The chunks are wrapped with optional undercoating– For better binding with outer layers

• then immersed into liquid sugar• The pellets are then colored and coated with a

suitable glazing agent– Usually wax.

The End

Work Cited• "A Brief History of Chewing Gum - Candy Favorites."

Candy, Bulk Candy & Wholesale Candy - Candy Favorites. Web. 09 Apr. 2010. <http://www.candyfavorites.com/shop/catalog-gum-history.php>.

• "How To Make Gum." Interview by Stride Gum. Web.• "The History Of Bubble Gum." EzineArticles Submission

- Submit Your Best Quality Original Articles For Massive Exposure, Ezine Publishers Get 25 Free Article Reprints. Web. 09 Apr. 2010. <http://ezinearticles.com/?The-History-Of-Bubble-Gum&id=225100>.

• Young, Robert. The Chewing Gum. Minnesota: Dillon, 1989. Print.