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How Similar are Chimps and Humans? Implications What are the similarities?
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The Human Chimp
Aug 22nd
How Similar are Chimps and Humans?
• Implications
• What are the similarities?
Molecular Clocks
• Used to measure genetic distances and to date times of evolutionary divergence
• How it works:
DNA• The best molecule for use with molecular
clocks• To measure the change in DNA structure:
– Mix DNA from 2 species– Measure how many degrees of temperature the
melting point of the mixed DNA is reduced below the melting point of pure DNA from a single species
– A melting point lowered by 1°C means the DNAs of the 2 species differ by roughly 1%
Family Tree of the Higher Primates
Man the Hunter
• Unclear whether early Homo sapiens were hunters or scavengers
• Big-game hunting led to…
The Human Family Tree
The Great Leap Forward
• When modern humans replaced Neanderthals• 3 changes launched us in the direction of
modern humans– 4 mya – upright posture– 3 mya – Australopithecus robustus and A.
africanus– 2.5 mya – tool use
• 40,000 years ago in EuropeThe Great Leap Forward
Examples of Aurignacian Culture art