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The Impact of Microgrids and Distributed Generation on Utility Grid Stability.
The Utility Grid Stability Issues caused by the load +/- 20% Hydro-Electric can only load follow to +/-10% . Storage/Renewable can help make up 10% of the 20%
Graph pricing data translated from www.nyiso.com – Prices are wholesale 12/29/2009 • www.eia.doe.gov/fuelelectric.html contains data on usage, pricing and generation
Applications Effects
Wind Mills Photovoltaic
Converters Cogeneration
Requiring Inverter Grid Connect
Fuel Cells Remote Power –
Alaska
Frequency Regulation Power Factor/Clouds Storage offers power
ride through. New York- Grid is so
stressed, Generators are required to have Inverters
Wind/ Multiple Generators
Power Factor helps Grid Stability Inverters capable of 4 Quadrant control PF are a positive Impact!
Sited by SDG&E
(Dynamic Reactive Power Control )
Quadrant 2
CHARGE EXAMPLES (Dynamic Reactive Power Control required by PG&E )
Quadrant 4 and 1
Micro GridGenerator
Solar Power
Wind Generator
Battery Backup
AC to DC
DC to DC
AC to DC
COMMON DC BUS
DC to DC
3 PHASEAC
BUS
INVERTER L-C-L FilterMeets IEEE519
Utility Grid
Local Load
Micro Grid One Line
Blinkless Grid Synchronization & The Impacts on Grid Stability
480 VAC Power can be put on the Grid near the point of Usage without infrastructure Upgrade!
A Grid Parallel System which Provides Uninterrupted Power Sources for Critical Loads
System is both IEEE1547 Compliant (Safety) and IEEE519 Compliant (Harmonic Distortion)
Blinkless Can Resolve Issues due to 20% Grid Variation
Makes Provision for Peak Shaving and for Exporting of Power
Allows for Incorporation of Photovoltaic Produced Power to follow Peak Power Demand when the Grid is Stressed
Blinkless IP Hardware Features
Blinkless (DC to AC) Patent #8,310,104 Stand Alone Power Grid Parallel Operation
Blinkless Transfer Power Factor
Correction Current Control Voltage Control Frequency Control
DC to DC Converter Patent #8,355,265 Bi-Directional Current
Flow Regardless of Voltage
Ethernet or Ethercat Communications
Soft Starting Current Control Direction Control
Independent of Which Voltage is Higher
DC to AC Converter Grid Interface
DC to DC Converter Battery Interface
Blinkless System 400 KW
Blinkless Micro Grid Benefits
Lowest Cost Energy Used First Multiple Sources for High Reliability Power Quality Reduces Equipment Failure Power Management Stores Energy When Energy Cost is Low Peak Shaves When Energy Cost is High Maintains Critical Load Operation on Grid
Loss
Wide DC Voltage Range on New Inverters
Next Generation Inverter Features
24 to 800 VDC Operation as opposed to our current specifications
4 Time speed increase on current loops/performance
Ethercat on all modes of operation More cost effective regen modules IEEE1547 compliance being integrated as a
base feature. Higher PWM Frequencies on large models. -4 F No Need for Anti-Condensation Circuit