THE IMPACT OF THE ENLIGHTENMENT

Ch 10.3

OBJECTIVES

Discuss how enlightenment beliefs were reflected in the art, music, and literature of the time.

Summarize how Enlightenment thought influenced the politics of Europe in the eighteenth century.

ARCHITECTURE AND ARTS

Versailles Castle (Paris, France) King Lois XIV

Rococo Art =

emphasis on beauty and charm

MUSIC

Bach Handel Mozart

The eighteenth century was one of the greatest in the history for European music. Much of the music was religiously based.

ENLIGHTENMENT & ENLIGHTENED ABSOLUTISM

What are some ideas we described about the enlightenment???

-equality before the law

-freedom of religion

-freedom of speech

-freedom of press

-right to assemble

-right to hold property

How could citizens guarantee these rights

and liberties??

ENLIGHTENED RULERS

Enlightened absolutism – rulers tried to govern through enlightenment principles while maintaining their royal powers.

The philosophies believed in natural rights for all people. These rights are the ones referred to in the American Declaration of Independence: to religious worship, speech, press, assembly, property, and the pursuit of happiness.

PRUSSIA: ARMY & BUREAUCRACY

Frederick II (Frederick the Great)

abolished torture except for treason & murder

granted limited freedom of speech and press; greater religious toleration

AUSTRIAN EMPIRE

Joseph II (“I have made philosophy the lawmaker of my empire”)

-abolished serfdom

-eliminated death penalty

-equality to all above the law

-religious toleration

RUSSIA & CATHERINE THE GREAT

Equality under the law

Spread of enlightenment ideas through conquer (She effectively expanded Russia’s territory)

In the end she did not adopt Enlightenment reforms because she need the support of the Russian nobility.

Read pages 308-312And explain;

Do you think the enlightened rulers were a success or a failure?

How would you change their policies and procedures to allow enlightened ideas while still successfully running a

nation?”