The Industrial The Industrial RevolutionRevolution(1700-1850)(1700-1850)World ThemesWorld Themes

Mrs. MéndezMrs. Méndez

Day 1: Was the Industrial Revolution a blessing or a curse?

How did a technological revolution transform economics and society for better and for worse?

A lithograph depicting four major inventions of the 19th century: the steam press, electric telegraph, locomotive, and steamboat.

Industrial England: “Workshop of the World”

Why did industrialization begin in Britain first?

“That nation of shopkeepers!” - Napoleon Bonaparte

"une nation de boutiquiers"

Why did industrialization begin in Britain?Why did industrialization begin in Britain?CHANGES IN FARMINGCHANGES IN FARMING

The Enclosure Movement

Enclosure Lands TodayEnclosure Lands Today

Why did industrialization begin here first?

CHANGES IN FARMING

Why did industrialization begin in Why did industrialization begin in Britain?Britain?

RESOURCES & INFRASTRUCTURERESOURCES & INFRASTRUCTURE

Natural Resources Natural Resources and Infrastructureand Infrastructure

Metals, Woolens, Metals, Woolens, and Canalsand Canals

CANALS: Britain’s earliest transportationinfrastructure

Why did industrialization begin here first?

RESOURCES & INFRASTRUCTURE

COALFIELDS andINDUSTRIAL AREAS

Coal:More powerful than water

Iron: More powerful than wood

Why did industrialization begin here first?

NATURAL RESOURCES

Industrial England: Why did industrialization begin here first?

Young Coal Miners

Child Labor - “hurriers”

Homework: Due Friday, 10/18The Industrial Revolution impacted every aspect of life in Western Europe and the United States. Directions: As you read the texts about the Industrial Revolution, CUSH (circle, underline, star, highlight) and take Cornell Notes.Remember that any handwritten notes can be used for an open-note quiz. TERMS: Be sure you are able to identify and explain the significance of the terms as they relate to the Industrial Revolution.

Day 2: Was the Industrial Revolution a blessing or a curse?

Factors that aided industrial growth• Changes in farming and human innovation (improved methods, enclosure, etc.)

• Factors for British suitability for industrial change

• Rise in population

Crop RotationBreeding AnimalsJethro Tull’s Seed Drill

Human Innovation

IMPROVED FARMING METHODS

Jethro Tull’s Seed Drill

Human Innovation

NOT Jethro Tull - The British Rock

Band

Richard Arkwright “Pioneer of the Factory

System”

INNOVATIONS and ENTREPRENEURS

The Water Frame (1764)

James Hargreaves’s James Hargreaves’s Spinning Jenny (1764)Spinning Jenny (1764)

Changes in Technology: WeavingChanges in Technology: WeavingJohn Kay’s John Kay’s

Flying ShuttleFlying Shuttledoubled doubled weaving weaving

productionproduction

Robert Fulton’s Robert Fulton’s SteamboatSteamboat

Changes in Technology: STEAMChanges in Technology: STEAM

James Watt’s James Watt’s Steam Engine Steam Engine

(1769)(1769)

STEEL: Bessemer process (1856) STEEL: Bessemer process (1856) stronger, more flexiblestronger, more flexible

Rise in Industry and CapitalismRise in Industry and Capitalism

Changes in Technology: STEAMChanges in Technology: STEAMStephenson’s Stephenson’s

Steam Steam LocomotiveLocomotive

Rise in Industry and CapitalismRise in Industry and Capitalism

Impact of the LocomotiveImpact of the Locomotive

Railroads on the ContinentRailroads on the Continent

British Suitability for IndustrializationBritish Suitability for Industrialization

Farm to FactoryFarm to FactoryImproved Methods =More efficient farming = Smaller work load = URBANIZATION Need for less workers =

RISE IN POPULATIONRISE IN POPULATIONPopulation Explosion (in millions)

Which country’s population exploded the most?PREDICTIONS?

17001700 17501750 18001800 18501850

BelgiumBelgium 1.751.75 2.252.25 3.253.25 4.54.5

BritainBritain 5.755.75 6.006.00 9.259.25 18.0018.00

FranceFrance 22.0022.00 24.0024.00 29.0029.00 36.0036.00

GermanyGermany 13.0013.00 15.0015.00 18.0018.00 27.0027.00

ItalyItaly 13.0013.00 15.0015.00 19.0019.00 25.0025.00

Urbanization: Movement to Cities For better or for worse?

The Urban GameIndustrialization and Urbanization:

For better or for worse?

Near water = hydropower

Need investors = CAPITAL$$$$$

Rise in Industry and CapitalismRise in Industry and Capitalism

The Factory SystemThe Factory System

Rigid Schedule

12-14 hour day

Dangerous Conditions

Mind-numbing monotony

Rise in Industry and CapitalismRise in Industry and Capitalism

The Factory SystemThe Factory System

Textile Workers in England

The Factory SystemThe Factory System

Young “Bobbin-Doffers”

Rise in Industry and CapitalismRise in Industry and Capitalism

The Factory SystemThe Factory System

Rise in Industry and Capitalism

Stereotype of the Factory Owner

The Urban GameUrbanization:

For better or for worse?

““Modern Times” (1936)Modern Times” (1936)

“Second Industrial Revolution” - The “Technological Revolution” (1860s-around 1912)

““Modern Times” (1936)Modern Times” (1936)As you watch the film clips, jot down any instance where you see Chaplin commenting on the effects of industrialization on society.

• How is technology depicted in this film?• What were the alternatives to working in the factory?• What drawbacks and benefits came with them?• How is the factory boss characterized?• When it comes to industrialization, who benefits and who loses?• In what ways are humans bound up in the technological systems they create?

Social and Economic Effects of Industrialization

What was it like to live and work in the new industrial cities?

“Haves” “Have-nots”

Social Effects of IndustrializationSocial Effects of IndustrializationWhat was it like to live and work in the new industrial What was it like to live and work in the new industrial

cities?cities?

Bourgeois life thrives with new

luxuries

Proletariats: Over-worked and

destitute

“Upstairs”/”Downstairs” Life

Social Effects of IndustrializationWhat was it like to live and work in the new industrial

cities?

Social Effects of IndustrializationAverage Wages in Lancashire, 1830

Age of WorkerAge of Worker Male WagesMale Wages Female WagesFemale Wages

under 11under 11 2s 3d.2s 3d. 2s. 4d.2s. 4d.

11 - 1611 - 16 4s. 1d.4s. 1d. 4s. 3d.4s. 3d.

17 - 2117 - 21 10s. 2d.10s. 2d. 7s. 3d.7s. 3d.

22 - 2622 - 26 17s. 2d. 17s. 2d. 8s. 5d.8s. 5d.

27 - 3127 - 31 20s. 4d. 20s. 4d. 8s. 7d.8s. 7d.

32 - 3632 - 36 22s. 8d.22s. 8d. 8s. 9d.8s. 9d.

37 - 4137 - 41 21s. 7d.21s. 7d. 9s. 8d.9s. 8d.

42 - 4642 - 46 20s. 3d.20s. 3d. 9s. 3d.9s. 3d.

47 - 5147 - 51 16s. 7d.16s. 7d. 8s. 10d.8s. 10d.

52 - 5652 - 56 16s. 4d.16s. 4d. 8s. 4d.8s. 4d.

57 - 6157 - 61 13s. 6d.13s. 6d. 6s. 4d.6s. 4d.

Effects of Industrialization on the Effects of Industrialization on the EnvironmentEnvironment

StaffordshireStaffordshire

Effects of Industrialization on the Effects of Industrialization on the EnvironmentEnvironment

Effects of IndustrializationEffects of IndustrializationLife in New Industrial CitiesLife in New Industrial Cities

Overcrowding in TenementsOvercrowding in Tenements

Effects of IndustrializationEffects of IndustrializationLife in New Industrial CitiesLife in New Industrial Cities

Worker Housing in ManchesterWorker Housing in Manchester

Effects of IndustrializationEffects of IndustrializationLife in New Industrial CitiesLife in New Industrial Cities

Factory Workers at HomeFactory Workers at Home

Effects of IndustrializationEffects of IndustrializationLife in New Industrial CitiesLife in New Industrial Cities

Life of the New Urban Poor - Dickensian Nightmare!

Effects of IndustrializationEffects of IndustrializationLife in Industrial CitiesLife in Industrial Cities

Worker Housing in Newcastle TodayWorker Housing in Newcastle Today

Social Effects of Industrialization:Social Effects of Industrialization:

Women in the workplaceWomen in the workplace

Social Effects of Industrialization:Social Effects of Industrialization:

Women in the workplaceWomen in the workplace

Lowell Mill Girls

Social Effects of Industrialization:Social Effects of Industrialization:

Women in the in the workpworkplace

Triangle Shirtwaist Factory Fire (1911)

Photos

Child LaborChild Labor

Girls Weaving, 1908Girls Weaving, 1908

Social Effects of IndustrializationSocial Effects of IndustrializationWhat was it like to live and work in the new industrial What was it like to live and work in the new industrial

cities?cities?

Child LaborChild Labor

Nine-Year-Old Hartford Newsgirl, 1908Nine-Year-Old Hartford Newsgirl, 1908

Social Effects of IndustrializationSocial Effects of IndustrializationWhat was it like to live and work in the new industrial What was it like to live and work in the new industrial

cities?cities?

Child LaborChild Labor

Workers Stringing Beans, 1908Workers Stringing Beans, 1908

Social Effects of IndustrializationSocial Effects of IndustrializationWhat was it like to live and work in the new industrial What was it like to live and work in the new industrial

cities?cities?

Industrialization by 1850Industrialization by 1850

World Manufacturing OutputWorld Manufacturing Output

RISE IN POPULATIONRISE IN POPULATIONPopulation Explosion (in millions)Population Explosion (in millions)

17001700 17501750 18001800 18501850

BelgiumBelgium 1.751.75 2.252.25 3.253.25 4.54.5

BritainBritain 5.755.75 6.006.00 9.259.25 18.0018.00

FranceFrance 22.0022.00 24.0024.00 29.0029.00 36.0036.00

GermanyGermany 13.0013.00 15.0015.00 18.0018.00 27.0027.00

ItalyItaly 13.0013.00 15.0015.00 19.0019.00 25.0025.00

Reactions to Capitalism

A Blessing or a Curse?