The Jews in Nazi GermanyHere, kids, I have some

sweets for you. But you both have to come

with me.

LO: To understand

and explain racial

persecution of the Jews in the 1930s

Lesson

1

Propaganda Manipulation Terror

Starter – 10 minutes:

1. Complete the word search consumable

2. Copy the table opposite in the back of your books. Put the words into the right column in the table below – Some words may fit into more than one column

G U T W T S S E I L L A R N L P MA E T Q Y R H Q R Y W P Q B K O NS U S P I E S S D H R A D I O I BD Y U T P P H C S V E O W V H U EF T I Y A A G V T B M I S C G C CG R O T O P F G S N R U D X N U XF I L M S S O B E M O Y F E F Y ZJ E P R H W D H R W F B L S D T EK W M E J E S K R W N O H Z S R DC O N C E N T R A T I O N C A M PL W Z D D S S L A V T K F N A E YU Q X S S I M A G E S S F B Q W T

GESTAP0CONCENTRATION CAMP

SHOTINFORMER

ARRESTVIOLENCE

SPIESNEWSPAPERS

BOOKSFILMS

IMAGESRADIO

RALLIES

“The Jews inhabited Hitler’s mind. He believed that they were the

source of all evil, misfortune and tragedy. They were devils whom

he had been given a divine mission to destroy…”

Lucy Dawidowicz, 1975.

What did Hitler think of the Jews?

LO: To understand and explain racial persecution of the Jews in the 1930s

"If I am ever really in power, the destruction of the Jews will be

my first and most important job. As soon as I have power, I shall

have gallows after gallows erected. Then the Jews will be hanged one after another, and they will stay hanging until they

stink. As soon as they are untied, then the next group will

follow and that will continue until the last Jew is exterminated”.

Hitler, 1922

What did Hitler think of the Jews?

Hitler hated the Jews. He considered them communists and war profiteers who had ‘stabbed Germany in the back’ at the end of World War I. Where did these ideas come from?

Jews were historically blamed for

killing Christ, so they were:

Politically – denied basic rights in many Christian countries.

Economically – excluded from

professions.

As a result, they either:

Became very poor and so attracted to

communism, which scared the wealthy

Became very rich by setting themselves up as

moneylenders (a profession closed to

Christians) so they were hated by the poor.

or

Why did Hitler hate the Jews?

What did Hitler think of the Jews?

LO: To understand and explain racial persecution of the Jews in the 1930s

As soon as he came to power, Hitler began a systematic state-led attack on the German Jews.

In 1933 he organized a boycott of Jewish businesses. SA members barred entry to Jewish shops.Jews were made to use separate seats on buses and trains, and were banned from public places like parks and cafes.Jews were excluded from many professions. Jewish civil servants and teachers were sacked and Jews were not allowed to edit newspapers or study law.Jews could not join the Chamber of Culture or the German Labour Front, further removing them from public life.

Nazi anti-Jewish policies 1933–39

Jews Forced To Carry Anti-Jewish Signs

Jewish businessmen are forced to march in central

Leipzig, carrying signs that read, "Don't buy from Jews.

Shop in German businesses!"

 Enforcing the German Boycott

During the April 1933 boycott, two SA members

guard the entrance to a Jewish-owned leather-

goods shop.

The sign reads "No respectable German

shops here!"

SA troops distribute boycott pamphlets

to German pedestrians. The

sign held by one of them reads:

"Attention Germans. These Jews (Five and Dime Stores) are the parasites

and gravediggers of German craftsmen. They pay starvation wages to German workers. The chief owner is the Jew, Nathan Schmidt."

LO: To understand and explain racial persecution of the Jews

in the 1930s

SA members force a Jewish shop owner to wear a boycott

sign around his neck and

have his picture taken in front of his

store,     The sign

reads:"Germans

Defend Yourselves

- Do not buy from Jews!"

LO: To understand and explain racial persecution of the Jews in the 1930s

A Jewish lawyer carrying self-Insulting sign"I will not complain to the police again."

1935: Jewish

students are made fun of

by their class. The writing on

the blackboard

says,"The Jew is our greatest

enemy!Beware of the Jew!".

LO: To understand and explain racial persecution of the Jews in the 1930s

A young boy is forced

to paint "Jew" on the wall of

his father's store.

LO: To understand and explain racial persecution of the Jews in the 1930s

Humiliation of Jews in Vienna (March 1938)Jews are forced to scrub the pavements

LO: To understand and explain racial persecution of the Jews in the 1930s

Shortly after the German invasion of Austria, Nazi Storm Troopers stand guard outside a Jewish-owned business.

Graffiti painted on the window states: "You Jewish pig may your hands rot off!"

Humiliation was a part of the psychological warfare that Nazis used against Jews.

One Jew is forced to cut the beard of another

under German supervision

as the local population watches with delight.

A German soldier tutors two Jewish men

on how to give the Nazi salute correctly.

Jews of Minsk Mazowiecki, Poland,

forced to ride on each other to "compete" in running in the Market Square.

This cartoon is

from a German school book

aimed at younger children.

STARTER: In the back of your books list 5 things you can infer from this propaganda poster.

Nazi anti-Jewish policies 1933–39

LO: To understand and explain racial persecution of the Jews in the 1930s

Lesson

2

This cartoon was aimed at children

The woman in this cartoon is very Aryan looking – blond, blue eyed.

The woman is looking away as if her natural inclination is not to be tempted by the Jew and his money.

The little girl looking worried could be the woman’s daughter – is the cartoon warning children to beware of immoral Jews who might steal their mothers away? Jews were often portrayed as sexual perverts, cannibals etc

The man in the suit is a Jew.

He is fat, ugly with a

hooked nose – racial

stereotypes

The Nuremberg laws 1935

LO: To understand and explain racial persecution of the Jews in the 1930s

In November 1938, a high-ranking Nazi was shot by a Jewish man in Paris. Hitler used this as an excuse to organize a week of violence against the German Jews.

On 10 November, Himmler and the SS led attacks on Jewish businesses. 10,000 shops were looted and 200 synagogues burnt down.

91 Jews were killed during the seven-day campaign of terror, and 20,000 were arrested and sent to concentration camps.

To add insult to injury, Hitler then fined the Jewish community a billion marks to pay for the damage caused.

Kristallnacht – the Night of Broken Glass

LO: To understand and explain racial persecution of the Jews in the 1930s

The Jewish Exodus

LO: To understand and explain racial persecution of the Jews in the 1930s

http://www.youtube.com/watch?v=NGNyc_LlJhs&feature=related

http://www.youtube.com/watch?v=SCj9RJU2Y1Y&feature=related

PLENARY1. What happened in November 1938 which led to increased

persecution of Jews in Germany?2. In your own words describe the events known as Kristallnacht3. How did Hitler ‘add insult to injury’?4. Many Jews left Germany during this period. When do you think

most Jews would have left, and why?5. Many Jews nevertheless chose to stay. Why do you think that

this was?