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The JISC IE Metadata Schema Registry and IEEE LOM Application Profiles
Pete Johnston UKOLN, University of Bath
CETIS Metadata & Digital Repositories SIG, Liverpool
30 June 2004
http://www.ukoln.ac.uk/
http://www.ukoln.ac.uk/
Outline
• What is a metadata schema registry?
• The JISC IE and the IEMSR
• Metadata application profiles– DC and IEEE LOM
http://www.ukoln.ac.uk/
JISC IE Metadata Schema Registry project (IEMSR)
• Funded under JISC Shared Services programme, Jan 2004 – July 2005– UKOLN, University of Bath– ILRT, University of Bristol– CETIS, Becta as contributing partners
• Main outputs– Pilot metadata schema registry service for JISC IE– Schema creation tool(s) for DC & LOM implementers (plus
documentation)– Open-source software– Models for application profiles– Recommendations re policy framework
http://www.ukoln.ac.uk/
Metadata Schema Registries
• What is a metadata schema registry? – Application that provides services based on
information about metadata vocabularies and their component terms
• Metadata vocabulary – Functional set of terms managed as a unit
(element set)
• Services to human readers, software agents
http://www.ukoln.ac.uk/
Metadata Schema Registries
• What functions might a metadata schema registry support?– Disclosure of metadata vocabularies, terms– Discovery/selection (and re-use) of vocabularies,
terms– Verification of provenance/status of vocabularies,
terms– Navigation of relationships between terms– Mapping, inferencing– Pointers to related resources
• guidelines, bindings, transformations…
http://www.ukoln.ac.uk/
JISC IE Metadata Schema Registry
• Effective exchange of metadata essential to interoperability in IE– IE Technical Standards specify "baseline" of Simple DC
and/or UK LOM Core– Also exchange of richer metadata between services– Use of "application profiles"
• Increasing requirement to disclose metadata semantics– Issues of authority, currency, provenance, trust
• N.B. IEMSR concerned with metadata exposed by applications, not internal database schemas
http://www.ukoln.ac.uk/
JISC IE Metadata Schema Registry
• IEMSR as shared/infrastructural service – Machine interface(s) ("structured")– Provide functions of common interest to other
service components (content providers, fusion services, presentation services) in IE
– "Common service" in e-Learning Framework
• IEMSR as presentational service – Human-readable interface ("unstructured")– Disclose/discover metadata semantics, usage– Promote appropriate reuse of existing solutions– Minimise duplication of effort
JISC-fundedcontent providers
institutionalcontent providers
externalcontent providers
brokers aggregators catalogues indexes
institutionalportals
subjectportals
learning managementsystems
media-specificportals
end-userdesktop/browser pr
esen
tatio
n
fusion
prov
isio
n
OpenURLresolvers
shared infrastructure
authentication/authorisation (Athens)
JISC IE service registry
institutional preferencesservices
terminology services
user preferences services
resolvers
IEMSR
JISC-fundedcontent providers
institutionalcontent providers
externalcontent providers
brokers aggregators catalogues indexes
institutionalportals
subjectportals
learning managementsystems
media-specificportals
end-userdesktop/browser pr
esen
tatio
n
fusion
prov
isio
n
OpenURLresolvers
shared infrastructure
authentication/authorisation (Athens)
JISC IE service registry
institutional preferencesservices
terminology services
user preferences services
resolvers
IEMSR
JISC-fundedcontent providers
institutionalcontent providers
externalcontent providers
brokers aggregators catalogues indexes
institutionalportals
subjectportals
learning managementsystems
media-specificportals
end-userdesktop/browser pr
esen
tatio
n
fusi
on
prov
isio
n
OpenURLresolvers
shared infrastructure
authentication/authorisation (Athens)
JISC IE service registry
institutional preferencesservices
terminology services
user preferences services
resolvers
IEMSR
JISC-fundedcontent providers
institutionalcontent providers
externalcontent providers
brokers aggregators catalogues indexes
institutionalportals
subjectportals
learning managementsystems
media-specificportals
end-userdesktop/browser
pres
enta
tion
fusion
prov
isio
n
OpenURLresolvers
shared infrastructure
authentication/authorisation (Athens)
JISC IE service registry
institutional preferencesservices
terminology services
user preferences services
resolvers
IEMSR
JISC-fundedcontent providers
institutionalcontent providers
externalcontent providers
brokers aggregators catalogues indexes
institutionalportals
subjectportals
learning managementsystems
media-specificportals
end-userdesktop/browser pr
esen
tatio
n
fusion
prov
isio
n
OpenURLresolvers
shared infrastructure
authentication/authorisation (Athens)
JISC IE service registry
institutional preferencesservices
terminology services
user preferences services
resolvers
IEMSR
JISC-fundedcontent providers
institutionalcontent providers
externalcontent providers
brokers aggregators catalogues indexes
institutionalportals
subjectportals
learning managementsystems
media-specificportals
end-userdesktop/browser pr
esen
tatio
n
fusion
prov
isio
n
OpenURLresolvers
shared infrastructure
authentication/authorisation (Athens)
JISC IE service registry
institutional preferencesservices
terminology services
user preferences services
resolvers
IEMSR
metadatavocabulary
portal
http://www.ukoln.ac.uk/
IEMSR: Use Scenarios
• Content provision service discloses application profile– Constructs & publishes schema, submits to registry
• Metadata schema developer explores/(re-) uses existing implementation choices– Human-readable documentation– Controlled vocabularies used– Schemas for bindings
• Metadata schema researcher surveys existing usage of metadata standards– How properties/data elements used in practice (within
domain, community, area)
http://www.ukoln.ac.uk/
IEMSR: Use Scenarios
• Metadata creation tool accesses machine-readable description of selected application profile– Obligation/occurrence constraints– Human-readable documentation– Controlled vocabularies as e.g. VDEX – Schemas for bindings
• Aggregation or presentation service requires information on application profile– Which "metadata formats" to request via OAI-PMH for
bindings of this AP– What labels to use in display of harvested records
http://www.ukoln.ac.uk/
Metadata Application Profiles
• Recognition that implementers adopt metadata standards in pragmatic way– Optimise for requirements of application
• Metadata "application profile" as declaration of usage (Heery/Patel, Ariadne)– Select terms from multiple metadata
vocabularies– Provide context-specific interpretations– Provide constraints on occurrence of terms– Provide constraints on values of terms
http://www.ukoln.ac.uk/
Metadata Schema Registries & Metadata Application Profiles
• CORES/MEG schema registries (2002-2003)– Model for metadata "application profile" as
basis of registry data model
• Based on Dublin Core "meta-model"– DC description as set of property-value
statements about resource– DC element as property of resource– CORES/MEG AP as set of "element/property
usages"
http://www.ukoln.ac.uk/
Metadata Schema Registries & Metadata Application Profiles
• IEEE LOM based on different "meta-model"– LOM standard describes LOM instance as
tree/container structure– LOM data element as component in hierarchy– LOM data element != DC element
• LOM AP describes constraints on LOM tree structure– Subject to constraints in LOM standard– LOM AP != DC AP
• Not adequately represented in CORES/MEG data model
http://www.ukoln.ac.uk/
LOM Application Profiles
• Recognise need to develop model for LOM AP for IEMSR
• LOM AP as set of LOM data element usages
• A data element usage– may provide additional documentation on
how the data element is interpreted– may specify obligation for the data element – may specify permitted number of occurrences
for the data element
http://www.ukoln.ac.uk/
LOM Application Profiles
• For a aggregate LOM data element– “shall not define datatype and value space”
• For a simple LOM data element– “must retain datatype and value space”
• For a simple LOM data element of datatype Vocabulary – May extend the value space, by allowing values from one or
more non-LOM vocabularies• For the LOM Classification data element
– must specify a purpose for the classification (from the LOM standard vocabulary)
– may specify the use of one or more taxonomies for that specified purpose of classification
Taxonomy
LOM data element
LOM data element usage
usesLOMDataElement
LOM aggregatedata element
usage
LOM simpledata element
usage
extendsValueSpace
Non-LOMvocabulary
Classificationdata element
usage
hasPurposeuses
Taxonomy
LOMClassification
purpose
m 1
m
n
mm
1 n
LOMAP
contains
m
1
Vocabularydatatype element
usage
http://www.ukoln.ac.uk/
IEMSR, LOM APs, LOM applications/tools
• API requirements?• How to expose LOMAPs to tools?
– e.g. Reload profile/helper documents
• Extended data elements in LOM APs– What is an extended data element?– How is an extended data element declared?
• Support for VDEX– Import VDEX XML?– Expose VDEX XML?
• Relationship between LOMAP and DCAP models?– Building on LOM RDF binding
http://www.ukoln.ac.uk/
Acknowledgements
• UKOLN is funded by the UK Museums, Libraries and Archives Council (MLA), the Joint Information Systems Committee (JISC) of the UK higher and further education funding councils, as well as by project funding from the JISC and the European Union. UKOLN also receives support from the University of Bath where it is based.
• http://www.ukoln.ac.uk/