The Male Genital Organs – an The Male Genital Organs – an Overview Overview

Per BrodalPer BrodalInstitutt for medisinske basalfagInstitutt for medisinske basalfag

Universitetet i OsloUniversitetet i Oslo

9th Semester 20089th Semester 2008

Overview

Ductus deferens

Vesicula seminalis (glandula vesiculosa)

Prostatic gland

Part of the pelvic floor (diaphragma urogenitale)

Glandula bulbourethrales

Testis

Epididymis

Urethra

Penis

2P. Brodal 2008

Descent of the Testes during Development

The testes develop on the posterior abdominal wall

Scrotum

Peritoneum

Testis

Retentio testis (kryptorchismus): When the testes do not reach the scrotum

Tunica vaginalis

Processus vaginalis

3P. Brodal 2008

The Layers of the Scrotum: Derived from the Abdominal Wall

Testis

The scrotum is designed for temperature-control

Skin (fat-free)

Peritoneum

Tunica vaginalis

Tunica Dartos (smooth muscles)

Ductus deferens

Cremaster muscle (striated)

Transverse fascia

Internal oblique muscle

Fascia spermatica interna

4P. Brodal 2008

Scrotum and the Spermatic Cord

Fascia spermatica interna

Cremaster muscleTunica vaginalis (parietal layer)

Epididymis

Testis

5P. Brodal 2008

The Spermatic Cord (Funiculus spermaticus)

Plexus pampiniformis

Plexus pampiniformisCremaster muscle

Ductus deferens

Arteria testicularis

Ductus deferens

6P. Brodal 2008

Arteria testicularis

The Inguinal Canal

Thieme, Atlas of Human Anatomy 2006

External oblique muscle Internal oblique muscle Transversus abdominis muscle

Anulus inguinalis superficialis Spermatic cord

Inguinal (indirect) hernia

7P. Brodal 2008

Anulus inguinalis profundus

Testis and Epididymis

Caput epididymidis Tunica albuginea

Ductus deferens

8P. Brodal 2008

Ductus epididymidis (6 m)

The Prostatic gland

Inner = periurethral (hypertrophy common)Outer = main (cancer common)

Inner glands Peripheral glands

Colliculus seminalis

Urethra

9P. Brodal 2008

The Male Urethra and Associated Glands

Colliculus seminalis

Pars prostatica

Pars spongiosa

Pars membranacea

Bulbourethral glands

Vesicula seminalisProstatic gland

10P. Brodal 2008 Ductus ejaculatorius

Glands

The bladder and prostatic gland from behind

Ampulla of ductus deferens

Vesicula seminalis

Colliculus seminalis

Openings of ducts from bulbo-urethral glands

Prostata

Netter

bulbo-urethral glands

Urogenital diaphragm

11P. Brodal 2008

Penis

Corpora cavernosa

Corpus spongiosum

Glans penis

Ischiocavernosus muscle

Bulbospongiosus muscle

Fossa navicularisBulbus penis

Urethra

12P. Brodal 2008

Mechanism of Erection – Corpora cavernosa

Arterial dilatation

Squeezing of veinsTunica albuginea

Blood-filled caverns

13P. Brodal 2008

Arteries of the pelvis

Common iliac artery (a. iliaca communis)

External iliac artery (a. iliaca externa)

Superior and inferior gluteal arteries

Internal pudendal artery (a. pudenda interna)

Obturator artery (a. obturatoria)

Internal iliac artery (a. iliaca interna)

Superior vesical artery

Middle rectal artery (Uterine)

14P. Brodal 2008

Arterial supply of the pelvis

15P. Brodal 2008

Variations: Branching of internal iliac artery

Internal pudendal

Internal iliac

Inferior gluteal

16P. Brodal 2008

Blood Supply of the Testis

Testicular arteryTesticular artery

Venous drainage

17P. Brodal 2008

Blood Supply of the Penis

Dorsal artery

Deep arteries

Internal pudendal artery

18P. Brodal 2008

Lymphatic Drainage of the Testes and Scrotum

Superficial inguinal lymph nodes

Lumbar lymph nodes

19P. Brodal 2008

Scrotal Swelling – What can it be?

20P. Brodal 2008

Bimanual examinationInguinal hernia Hydrocele Spermatocele

Varicocele Epididymitis Testicular tumor

Thieme Atlas of Anatomy Is the mass confined to the scrotum?

Is there a transient enlargement when the patients coughs?Is the mass translucent?