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What is the meaning of Literature?

Literature is the writings having excellence of form or expression and expressing ideasof permanent or universal interest. It is a term used to describe written or spokenmaterial. The term Literature is most commonly used to refer to words of the creativeimagination including works of poetry, drama, fiction and non-fiction. It is the body ofwritten works of a language period or culture.

What is the purposes of literature?

The purpose of literature has many root reasons itself. Literature is of vital importance,since it has passed knowledge from generations and so forth. If it wasnt because of it,we as a humans would not evolve, all data would be lost. Literature is used as a finecommunication to voice our thoughts and to get to know about different people andraces, so others use it for entertainment, such as adventure books that people would

read presently. In the end the purpose of literature is to keep humanitiesaccomplishments, and not repeat something that has been already done thus workingon newer and brighter things.

Forms of Literature

!cholarly "ournals These are academic "ournals which publish both commentary and originalresearch on academic topics. These publications sometimes use a peer-review

process. #ooks $ monograph is a scholarly treatise, usually on a specific topic. The work shouldbe read and interpreted as a whole rather than as separate chapters. The writingand publication process means that this material will already be dated as soon asit is available. These publications will most usually be available in print form andincreasingly in electronic form now, although this varies significantly betweendisciplines

%issertations&thesesThese are a significant element of the scholarly literature. $ thesis is a piece oforiginal work presenting a specific view as a result of scholarly research, usually

as a re'uirement for an academic degree award. The work will review concepts,theories and previous research and present new, theoretical approaches andnovel research undertaken. There may be related conference papers, and "ournalarticles published by the researcher during the course of their work.

(eports(eports are part of the process of disseminating programmes of research, orpresenting the work of specific groups. They may relate to policy and practiceand to the work of particular organi)ations.

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*overnment reports are a specific kind of report, produced by governmentdepartments, official en'uiries, or government committees established toinvestigate and report on particular 'uestions. The +niversity of !outhamptonLibrary has a nationally significant collection of +nited ingdom officialpublications, including government reports.

apers presented at conferences, seminars, collo'uia These are papers which record presentations made at conferences etc. Thisform may not be available anywhere else in print. +sually brief and timely, highlycurrent and may report on completed work and&or the most recent stages of on-going research, which are not peer reviewed.

ewspapersThere are many different types of newspapers/ international, national, regional,local, daily or weekly. They are increasingly available electronically.

*rey literature This material may be indexed electronically and it may be presented in a semi-published state. $ good way to access this material is to go to the website of theorgani)ation or body which is involved in or leading the work concerned. Thiscategory of material includes market research reports, pamphlets, and leaflets.!uch material may be available in the +niversity Library, but you may also haveto develop your own ways of collecting it/ direct approaches to organi)ations orby means of personal contact.

ersonal contactsThese will consist of expert practitioners and researchers in the field who may beknown to you or whose details you have come across in your own explorationsonline. 0ou may make contacts at conferences and seminars in which youparticipate. This is part of the process of contributing to the academic communityof practice.

rimary sourcesrimary sources consist of manuscripts, reports, interviews, surveys, records ofobservations and other data collected - original work which is presented for thefirst time.

!econdary sourcesThese materials summari)e, review and report on original sources. They are theresult of the academic filtering process which will itself be selective.

Jennilyn O. Gonzales

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BSTM 3-3D

Are presidential speeches literature?

The inauguration of 1ohn 2. ennedy was one of the most memorable politicalspeeches of the past century. 3hich is the 1ohn 2. ennedy reliance his speech onbiblical 'uotations, metaphors, parallelism and antithesis recall some of the powerfulspeeches of $braham Lincoln. 3hich he also used his most famous line, which is 4$sknot563hile in the inauguration of $braham Lincoln, he focused on shoring up hissupport in the orth without further alienating the !outh, where he was almostuniversally hated or feared. $nd until the final draft, $braham address had ended with a'uestion for the south/ 4!hall it be peace or sword76 his famous line. $nd the last is theinaugural speech of resident-elect 1oseph 8strada at the historic #arasoain 9hurch in

:alolos, #ulacan, on 1une ;< will be the biggest show in town. $nd the =:illenniumresident,= often ridiculed for his mangling of the 8nglish language, will get his revengewhen he delivers his inaugural speech in 2ilipino.The language decision is in keepingwith the commemoration of the 9entennial of the hilippine declaration of independencefrom !panish colonial rule.

These three presidential inaugural speech is a form of literature. $s the word itself,speech may be refer as the faculty or power of speaking, oral communication. Theability to express ones thought and emotions. 3here it is generally delivered in the formof an address of discourse.