The Medieval World Reasons for change >>>

The Modern World

The Medieval World Reasons for change >>>

The Modern World

• Circa AD 470 to 1450

The Medieval World Reasons for change >>>

The Modern World

• Circa AD 470 to 1450

• Collapse of Roman power mean Europe was in a state of fear & uncertainty.

The Medieval World Reasons for change >>>

The Modern World

• Circa AD 470 to 1450

• Collapse of Roman power mean Europe was in a state of fear & uncertainty.

• Feudalism - lord gave security & land in return for loyalty & payment

The Medieval World Reasons for change >>>

The Modern World

• Circa AD 470 to 1450

• Collapse of Roman power mean Europe was in a state of fear & uncertainty.

• Feudalism - lord gave security & land in return for loyalty & payment

• Centrality of Roman Catholic Church to everyday life.

The Medieval World Reasons for change >>>

The Modern World

• Circa AD 470 to 1450

• Collapse of Roman power mean Europe was in a state of fear & uncertainty.

• Feudalism - lord gave security & land in return for loyalty & payment

• Centrality of Roman Catholic Church to everyday life.

• Circa 1500 to the present

The Medieval World Reasons for change >>>

The Modern World

• Circa AD 470 to 1450

• Collapse of Roman power mean Europe was in a state of fear & uncertainty.

• Feudalism - lord gave security & land in return for loyalty & payment

• Centrality of Roman Catholic Church to everyday life.

• Circa 1500 to the present

• Reason not divine authority

The Medieval World Reasons for change >>>

The Modern World

• Circa AD 470 to 1450

• Collapse of Roman power mean Europe was in a state of fear & uncertainty.

• Feudalism - lord gave security & land in return for loyalty & payment

• Centrality of Roman Catholic Church to everyday life.

• Circa 1500 to the present

• Reason not divine authority

• Religious freedom

The Medieval World Reasons for change >>>

The Modern World

• Circa AD 470 to 1450

• Collapse of Roman power mean Europe was in a state of fear & uncertainty.

• Feudalism - lord gave security & land in return for loyalty & payment

• Centrality of Roman Catholic Church to everyday life.

• Circa 1500 to the present

• Reason not divine authority

• Religious freedom

• Equal moral worth, equality before the law, human rights

The Medieval World Reasons for change >>>

The Modern World

• Circa AD 470 to 1450

• Collapse of Roman power mean Europe was in a state of fear & uncertainty.

• Feudalism - lord gave security & land in return for loyalty & payment

• Centrality of Roman Catholic Church to everyday life.

• Circa 1500 to the present

• Reason not divine authority

• Religious freedom

• Equal moral worth, equality before the law, human rights

• Social mobility

The Medieval World Reasons for change >>>

The Modern World

• Circa AD 470 to 1450

• Collapse of Roman power mean Europe was in a state of fear & uncertainty.

• Feudalism - lord gave security & land in return for loyalty & payment

• Centrality of Roman Catholic Church to everyday life.

• Circa 1500 to the present

• Reason not divine authority

• Religious freedom

• Equal moral worth, equality before the law, human rights

• Social mobility

• The nation-state

The Medieval World Reasons for change >>>

The Modern World

• Circa AD 470 to 1450

• Collapse of Roman power mean Europe was in a state of fear & uncertainty.

• Feudalism - lord gave security & land in return for loyalty & payment

• Centrality of Roman Catholic Church to everyday life.

• The Renaissance • Circa 1500 to the present

• Reason not divine authority

• Religious freedom

• Equal moral worth, equality before the law, human rights

• Social mobility

• The nation-state

The Medieval World Reasons for change >>>

The Modern World

• Circa AD 470 to 1450

• Collapse of Roman power mean Europe was in a state of fear & uncertainty.

• Feudalism - lord gave security & land in return for loyalty & payment

• Centrality of Roman Catholic Church to everyday life.

• The Renaissance

• Church abuse of power > The Reformation

• Circa 1500 to the present

• Reason not divine authority

• Religious freedom

• Equal moral worth, equality before the law, human rights

• Social mobility

• The nation-state

The Medieval World Reasons for change >>>

The Modern World

• Circa AD 470 to 1450

• Collapse of Roman power mean Europe was in a state of fear & uncertainty.

• Feudalism - lord gave security & land in return for loyalty & payment

• Centrality of Roman Catholic Church to everyday life.

• The Renaissance

• Church abuse of power > The Reformation

• Economic growth > urbanisation > growth of the bourgeoisie

• Circa 1500 to the present

• Reason not divine authority

• Religious freedom

• Equal moral worth, equality before the law, human rights

• Social mobility

• The nation-state

The Medieval World Reasons for change >>>

The Modern World

• Circa AD 470 to 1450

• Collapse of Roman power mean Europe was in a state of fear & uncertainty.

• Feudalism - lord gave security & land in return for loyalty & payment

• Centrality of Roman Catholic Church to everyday life.

• The Renaissance

• Church abuse of power > The Reformation

• Economic growth > urbanisation > growth of the bourgeoisie

• The Enlightenment or Age of Reason

• Circa 1500 to the present

• Reason not divine authority

• Religious freedom

• Equal moral worth, equality before the law, human rights

• Social mobility

• The nation-state

We've thought about what we mean by the 'modern world'. What doe we mean by 'revolution'?

REFORM: Change within the system. Solving problems in parts of our society, using other elements of our society. Eg, we solve climate change using an Act of Parliament.REVOLUTION: Change of the system. Creating a wholly new society because the problem is so fundamental that our using our current problem-solving methods will only perpetuate the problem. Eg, Climate change is addressed by a dictatorship of the scientists who sieze power through the use of violence.

Reform vs. Revolution• REFORM: ‘Neurath’s analogy’ ; “We are like sailors who on

the open sea must reconstruct their ship but are never able to start afresh from the bottom. Where a beam is taken away a new one must at once be put there, and for this the rest of the ship is used as support. In this way, by using the old beams and driftwood the ship can be shaped entirely anew, but only by gradual reconstruction.”

• REVOLUTION: To continue, Neurath's analogy, the Revolutionary argues we must go on to dry land and start again on a whole new boat because piecemeal tinkering at sea will just reproduce the same faults.