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Diquarks, Tetraquarks, Pentaquarks and no quarks. “Diquarks,Tetraquarks, Pentaquarks and no quarks”. The meson landscape. Scalars and Glue in Strong QCD. New states beyond. Weird baryons: pentaquark problems. “Exotics: what needs to be measured”. - PowerPoint PPT Presentation
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The meson landscape
Scalars and Glue in Strong QCD
New states beyond
Weird baryons: pentaquark problems
“Diquarks,Tetraquarks, Pentaquarks and no quarks”
1
Diquarks, Tetraquarks, Pentaquarks and no quarks
“Exotics: what needs to be measured”
Belle e+e- to + X ???
Claim of Hybrid Charmonium by BELLE
Is this the same as X(3940)?Is it hybrid charmonium as claimed?….probably not, but this might be…….
e+e- \to psi pi pi BaBar sees new vector cc*
Y(4260)
Maiani talk
Y(4260) = Non resonant S-wave threshold
Y(4260) Three Possibilities
Experimental distinctions….later this talk
Especially, but not exclusively, the role of charmoniumin achieving these aims
Strong QCD:
What theory expects
Can experiment rule it out?
What present and future experiments can test for…Glueballs; hybrids; diquarks; tetraquarks; pentaquarks
2S: 1-
1S: 1-
1D: 1-
2+
1+
0+
9460
10023
9860
9893
9913
3686
3097
3415
3510
3556
3772
cc*)
Narrow below MM threshold
2S: 1-
1S: 1-
1D: 1-
2+
1+
0+
9460
10023
9860
9893
9913
3686
3097
3415
3510
3556
3772
cc*)
Lattice QCD: Linear: Flux tube…..implies…
Gluonic hybrid mesons
c.m
.c.m
.
e.g. p=1e.g. p=1
Exciting the flux tube
Lattice and model agree spectrum; decays in FT not yet lattice
Glueballs spectrum from Lattice
Far away from qq* lowest multiplets… except for 0++
Hybrids later: First – what can be said about glueballs?
2S: 1-
1S: 1-
1D: 1-
2+
1+
0+
770 780/1020
1460
1700
I=1 vector : I=0 nn*; ss*
1320 1270/1525
1300 1285/1530
1420
+ Problem of nn* ss* flavour mixing
Clean below S-wave MM thresholdsAnd no prominent G expected
Glueballs also predicted: Strong QCD spectrum from Lattice
Far away from qq* lowest multiplets… except for 0++
Only scalar glueballbelow 2 GeV
2S: 1-
1S: 1-
1D: 1-
2+
1+
0+
770 780/1020
1460
1700
I=1 vector : I=0 nn*; ss*
1320 1270/1525
1300 1285/1530
1420 1370/1500/1710
+ Problem of nn* ss* flavour mixing
2S: 1-
1S: 1-
1D: 1-
2+
1+
0+
770
1460
1700
I=1 vector : I=0 JP = 2+ 1+ 0+
13201270/1525
13001285/1530
1420 1370/1500/1710980 980/600
2S: 1-
1S: 1-
1D: 1-
2+
1+
0+
770
1460
1700
I=1 vector : I=0 JP = 2+ 1+ 0+
1270/1525
1285/1530
0+ 1370/1500/1710980/600
? qq* + Glueball
Lattice G =1.6 \pm
2S: 1-
1S: 1-
1D: 1-
2+
1+
0+
770
1460
1700
I=1 vector : I=0 JP = 2+ 1+ 0+
13201270/1525
13001285/1530
1420 1370/1500/1710980 980/600
[qq][q*q*]
2S: 1-
1S: 1-
1D: 1-
2+
1+
0+
770
1460
1700
I=1 vector : I=0 JP = 2+ 1+ 0+
1270/1525
1285/1530
0+ 1370/1500/1710980/600
? qq* + Glueball
Lattice G =1.6 \pm
Data do not imply GBut given lattice and qq*Does consistent pic emerge?
Can data eliminate it; or even make it robust?
Tensor and axial qq*
ss* 1525
nn* 1270
G 2 – 4 GeV
Scalar Glueball and Mixing
s
n
G
Scalar Glueball and Mixing
Meson
1710
1500
1370
s
n
G
Scalar Glueball and Mixing
Meson G ss* nn*
1710 0.39 0.91 0.15
1500 - 0.65 0.33 - 0.70
1370 0.69 - 0.15 - 0.70
s
n
G
LEAR/WA102Meson pair decays
Meson G ss* nn*
1710 0.39 0.91 0.15
1500 - 0.65 0.33 - 0.70
1370 - 0.69 0.15 0.70
s
n
0- 0- meson decays LEAR/WA102
FC Kirk
Scalar Glueball and Mixinga simple example for expt to rule out
Nontrivial correlationwith relative masses
heavy
l
lightmiddle
Scalar Glueball and Mixing:how to measure flavour state
Meson G ss* nn*
1710 0.39 0.91 0.15
1500 - 0.65 0.33 - 0.70
1370 0.69 - 0.15 - 0.70
s
n
Scalar Glueball and Mixing
Meson G ss* nn*
1710 0.39 0.91 0.15
1500 - 0.65 0.33 - 0.70
1370 0.69 - 0.15 - 0.70
s
n
Coming soon from BES and CLEO-c
A flavour filter for 0++ 0-+ 2++mesons and glueballs
>1 billion 1000 per meson
Challenge: Turn Lattice QCD Glueball spectrum into physics
OZI rule and flavor tagging in J/ hadronic decays
Known ss*/nn*
measure ss*/nn*
Example of “known”ss*/nn* = 1– or 2+“ideal” flavour states
OZI rule and flavor tagging in J/ hadronic decays
• In J/ hadronic decays, an or Φ signal
determines the or
component, respectively. OZI rule
dduu ss
/J /J
dduu
ss
OZI rule and flavor tagging in J/ hadronic decays
/J /J
dduu
ss2++:(1270) 2++:(1520)
Works nicely for 2++ where BOTH are ideal
OZI rule and flavor tagging in J/ hadronic decays
/J /J
dduu
ss
Fails completely for 0^{++} !!!
Leading diagram if 0+ meson contains qq* only
Extra diagram if 0++ has glueball in its wavefunction
Unusual properties of f0(1370), f0(1500) f0(1710)
Scalar Puzzle
\psi \to 0^{++} V
A consistentpattern in these two experiments can establish role ofScalar Glueball
Challenge: quantify the predictions
Glueballs and central production
G qq*
Reality: qq* (also) produced
How to separate G and qq*? FC Kirk Schuler 97-00
Central Production pp \to pMp 0+ and 2+
qq* G ?
States outside the quark
model:tetraquarks
2S: 1-
1S: 1-
1D: 1-
2+
1+
0+
770
1460
1700
I=1 vector : I=0 JP = 2+ 1+ 0+
1270/1525
1285/1530
0+ 1370/1500/1710
980/600
? qq* + Glueball
[qq][q*q*]
+ +
- -
How can we tell if its this
Or this? +
-
Jaffe model of light scalar mesons
Strong QCD attraction of 3*c 3*f qq into 0+ diquark e.g. Maiani et al heavy and light flavours
Inverted flavour multiplets
1020 ss*
890 su* sd*
780 uu*+dd*770 uu*- dd*
980 (uu*+dd*)ss*980 (uu*- dd*)ss*
800 (su*)uu* (sd*)dd*
500 uu*dd*
1- 0+
e.g.Tetraquarks v Hybrids: One swallow don’t make a summer. Need the whole flock/multiplet.
New states outside the quark
model:
D_s(cs*) states that might beDK or tetraquarks
Leave discussion to Maiani talk
New states outside the quark
model:
cc* X(3872) anomalous charmonium
An extra narrow charmonium state
Seen in B \to K X(3872)
X(3872) mass compared with DD* thresholds
DD* molecule “tetraquark” Mass = neutral threshold to better than 1 in 10,000
cuc*u* S-wave JPC = 1++ isospin maximally broken
Close+PageTornqvistSwanson
cc*1++ 3550; 1++* 3950:
DD* (neutral) thresholdPsi rho; psi omega S-wave 1++ mesons
P-wave cc*
D
D*
psi
uu* vector
D
D*
D*
D
pi
Energy degeneracy will drivethis >> model details.
Psi rho:psi omega \sim 1Deviations = dynamics
Specific model: Swanson
Decays driven by meson-meson wavefunction
Production by cc* residue: like psiprime
18
Mass coincidenceonly happens withCharm, not strange or bottom
• Molecule or radial 1++ cc*?
• Suzuki: cc* with cc*uu* admixture (also FC+ Page)
• Further tests: Production in B+ bigger than Bo
Test:
X \to K+K-\pi>> K0K0\pi
CLEOc/BES precision test for 1++ 3550 also
New states outside the quark
model:
Hybrid Mesons
Gluonic hybrid mesons
c.m
.c.m
.
e.g. p=1e.g. p=1
Exciting the flux tube
flux-tube degrees-of-freedom
c.m
.c.m
.
e.g. p=1e.g. p=1
are new degrees-of-freedom, not present in the quark model.
Isgur showed that they have measurable effects on conventional states
Close Dudek: E1 excitation of hybrids = r^2 meson: Cabibbo Radicatti
(Lattice only now beginning to look at this)Costs about 1 to 1.5GeV energy to excite phonon“pi/R”Hybrid nn* @ 2GeV; Hybrid cc* @ 4-4.5GeV
1-+ signals:
resonant? (Pennington); hybrid or molecule? (Klempt)
E1 photoproduction of hybrids gamma p to n H^+ \sim 50% relative to conventional mesons (Isgur; FC Dudek)
2+- also expected. Diffractive Photoproduction!! Should exceed 1-+ strength
flux-tube breaking and decays
c.m
.c.m
.
e.g. p=1e.g. p=1
Break tube: S+P states yes; S+S suppressed
S+S = 0 for hybrid charmonium(FC + Page)
Look for DD_{0,1}; a bit of DD* and absence ofDD or D*D* and of DsDs or Ds*Ds*
\psi f_0; \psi pipi; \chi \eta; h_c \eta also
More new anomalous
charmonium states:
cc* 2++(3930) X(3940) Y(4260)
Belle e+e- to + X ???
Belle Inconsistent strengths?
big
?
radial
??thresholds
and1+
?
Belle Y(3940) claimed “hybrid charmonium”
….but seems also to be in DD* (need to measure b.r)….
Is this the same as X(3940)?Is it hybrid charmonium as claimed?….probably not, but this might be…….
e+e- \to psi pi pi BaBar sees new vector cc*
Y(4260)
But small relative to psiprime
\Gamma(e+e-) 5 to 80 eV
e+e- \to psi pi pi BaBar sees new vector cc*
But width 90MeV dominantly psi pipi !
f0(980)?
All consistent with predictions for hybrid charmoniumFC+Page 1995
This is a clear distinction with hybrid for which this is ~ zero
Is it really a resonance?
D
D_1 uu * pi pi
psi
e+e- DD_1 is first S-wave charm thresholdand occurs \sim 4.2 GeV !
S-wave, relative mom \sim 0; DD_1 interchange constituents to make psi pipi “strongly”(c.f. Swanson model of 3872 DD* \to psi omega)
e+e- Ds Ds_1 psi KK should show similar
e+e- KK_1
phi pi pi
Future need to do:Compare this with theDD_1 / psi pipi case:
M(pipi); phi (psi) polarisation
Psi polarisation test inX(4260) \to psi pipi
D
D_1 (pipi)_S wave
psi
Hybrid cc* has spin(cc*)=0 (!)Swanson exchange model psi polarised transverseFC Swanson
If spin cc* = 1 (conventional) psi polarisation differentbut model dependence to be understood
In any event, poln measure should be done andcompared with phi in the KK_1 region
New states outside the quark
model:
Pentaquark baryons
Exotic Pentaquarks Exotic Mesonsgeneral problem with clustered quark models, for example triquark - diquark:
Kochelev, Lee & Vento
S=+2 meson =
suppresses decay width
narrow, strangeness +2 meson near 1600 MeV
apply same logic to
1-+ and 1- - 10 and 10* multiplets
1-- members in 1.2 to 1.6 Gev region
rho( 1250?? 1450;….1700….)omega/phi(1420;1650;1680…..)
Nonet has one I=1 (rho) and two I=0 (omega,phi)10/10* has two I=1 and one I=0
How many vector mesons are there in the 1-2GeV rangeAnd what is the I=0:1 ratio?
Check in e+e- with ISR, photoprod at Jlab …..
ArndtBuccellaCarlsonDyakanovEllisFaberGianniniHuangInoueJaffeKarlinerLipkinMaltmanNussinovOhPolyakovQiangRosnerStechTrillingUVenezianoWilczekXiangYangZhu
If Theta doesn’t exist,then these (and many other theorists)should be congratulated on their creativity
SELEX weird stateArtefact (IMHO)Can discuss later if wish
A conjecture: T.Barnes, F.E.Close, H.J.Lipkin, hep-ph/0305025, PRD.
Reminiscent of Weinstein and Isgur’s KKbar molecules,bound by level repulsion of the KKbar continuum against higher mass qqbar 0+ scalars at ca. 1.3 GeV.
f0(1370) at BES
• f0(1370) (uu*+dd*)
clearly seen in
J/ ,
but not seen in
J/ .
/J
BES IIPreliminary
/J
PWA 0++ components
f0(1370)
NO f0(1370)
MeV
MeVM
40265
501350
dduu
Scalar Glueball and Mixing
Meson G ss* nn*
1710 + + +1500 - + - 1370 + - -
s
n
G
3 state mixingRelative phases
2S: 1-
1S: 1-
1D: 1-
2+
1+
0+
3686
3097
3415
3510
3556
3772
cc*)
29801S: 0-
36252S: 0-
Either no G with these JPCin this regionor don’t couple strongly to G
2S: 1-
1S: 1-
1D: 1-
2+
1+
0+
3686
3097
3415
3510
3556
3772
cc*)
29801S: 0-
36252S: 0-
Possible 0-+Glueball \sim 3.6 GeVImpact on eta_c’ ??
Compare in B decay, gamma gamma;ee \to psi + eta_c’
New states outside the quark
model:
D_s(cs*) states
DK
DK
D*K
Whatever makes scalar f_0(980) light (= just below KK)(compared to qq* p-wave)
Probably makes scalar 2317 light (= just below DK)(compared to qq* p-wave)
…and 2460 axial light (just below D*K)
S-wave meson-meson beats P-wave qq* (continued)27
Expt: Are there other cs* 0+ 1+ as well? (thy. confused) Production of two 1+ in B decays via W current Radiative transitions….